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aliquem ex periculo Cs

  • 1 eripio

    ē-rĭpĭo, ĭpŭi, eptum, 3, v. a. [rapio], to snatch, tear, or pull out; to snatch away, take away (freq. and class.; cf.: capio, prehendo, sumo, demo, adimo, rapio, furor).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    tibias ex ore,

    Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 36; cf.:

    bolum e faucibus,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 6:

    hirundines ex nido,

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 67; 3, 1, 8: ex manibus alicujus, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13, 1; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 9:

    torrem ab igne,

    Ov. M. 8, 457:

    ensem vaginā,

    Verg. A. 4, 579 et saep.: aliena bona, Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 11; so,

    vela, armamenta, copias,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 7; 6, 30, 2; 7, 54, 3:

    nubem,

    Verg. A. 2, 606:

    purgamenta hortorum,

    to carry away, Tac. A. 11, 32 fin. et saep.:

    aliquem, etc.,

    to deliver, set free, Plaut. Men. 5, 8, 3; 5; Caes. B. C. 3, 110, 4; Liv. 2, 54 al.; cf.:

    aliquem e manibus hostium,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 53, 6; Liv. 5, 51; 41, 14:

    Abydenos ex obsidione,

    id. 31, 16:

    aliquem ex periculo,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 12, 5; cf.:

    istum fortuna ex illo periculo eripuit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 28, § 71:

    aliquem ex vinculis,

    Curt. 4, 14, 22: aliquem ex miseriis, Crassus ap. Cic. de Or. 1, 52:

    aliquem ex media morte,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 6; cf.:

    filium a morte,

    id. Div. 2, 10:

    praedam de manibus,

    id. Cat. 2, 1, 2:

    istum de vestra severitate,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 67;

    but: ex severitate alicujus,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 36, §

    83: aliquem malis,

    Verg. A. 6, 365 al.:

    erepto ex equo C. Flaminio,

    Liv. 23, 45:

    oculum alicui,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 22; Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 20:

    gladium isti,

    Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 7:

    classem Caesari,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 111, 4 al.:

    concubinam militi,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 2:

    aliquem (aliquam) alicui,

    id. Merc. 5, 4, 12; id. Rud. 3, 4, 7; Ter. Ad. prol. 8; 2, 2, 30; Cic. Lael. 27, 102 al.—Less freq.:

    aliquem ab aliquo,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 30; id. Eun. 4, 6, 1; 14; so,

    ereptis ab eo duabus legionibus,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 2, 3:

    a Trisensibus plus lucri,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 38, § 86; 2, 1, 10, § 27. —
    b.
    With se, to take one's self off, to flee, escape:

    per eos, ne causam diceret, se eripuit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 4, 2:

    se latebris,

    id. ib. 6, 43 fin.; cf.:

    se ex manibus militum,

    id. ib. 7, 46 fin.:

    se ab illa miseria,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 13, 1:

    se ex pugna,

    id. Mur. 16, 34; id. Verr. 2, 3, 60, § 140; id. Sest. 24, 53:

    se sequentibus,

    Liv. 29, 32:

    se hosti fugā,

    Curt. 5, 13:

    se flammā,

    Cic. Brut. 23, 90:

    se leto,

    Verg. A. 2, 134:

    se flammis,

    id. ib. 2, 289:

    se morae,

    Hor. C. 3, 29, 5:

    se servituti,

    Sen. Ep. 80, 4:

    rebus humanis se,

    id. de Prov. 8, 12 et saep.—With adv.:

    eas inde,

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 1, 8.—
    c.
    Prov.:

    Lupo agnum eripere, for something difficult or impossible,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 31.—
    B.
    Pregn.: eripi, to be snatched away by death, to die suddenly (not before the Aug. per.):

    fatis erepta,

    Ov. M. 1, 358:

    primis conjux ereptus in annis,

    Val. Fl. 3, 316; cf.:

    in flore aetatis ereptus rebus humanis,

    Curt. 10, 5, 10.—Rarely act.:

    lux ereptura eum vitā,

    Amm. 30, 5, 18; cf. 30, 5, 10.
    II.
    Trop., to take away, snatch away:

    responsiones omnes hoc verbo,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 63; cf.:

    orationem alicui ex ore,

    id. Merc. 1, 2, 64:

    primam vocem ab ore loquentis,

    Verg. A. 7, 119:

    alicui jus suum,

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 6:

    libertatem (hostis),

    id. Capt. 2, 2, 61; cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 17:

    potestatem hominis omnino aspiciendi (opp. suppeditare omnium rerum abundantiam),

    id. Lael. 23, 87; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 3, 5:

    omnem usum navium,

    id. B. G. 3, 14, 7:

    semestre imperium,

    id. B. C. 1, 9, 2; cf.:

    tetrarchiam alicui,

    Cic. Div. 2, 37, 79:

    mihi dolorem,

    id. Att. 9, 6, 5:

    alicui errorem,

    id. ib. 10, 4, 6; cf. id. Tusc. 4, 31; id. Off. 2, 3, 10; Just. 6, 3, 12:

    alicui timorem,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 7 fin.; id. Att. 1, 16, 8:

    lucem,

    id. Ac. 2, 10; 32 fin.; id. N. D. 1, 3, 6 et saep.:

    alicui pudicitiam,

    Quint. 5, 11, 15;

    but: virginis pudorem,

    Amm. 15, 7, 5; cf.:

    caelumque diemque Teucrorum ex oculis,

    Verg. A. 1, 88; and:

    prospectum oculis,

    id. ib. 8, 254:

    tempora certa modosque,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 57:

    jocos, venerem, etc. (anni),

    id. Ep. 2, 2, 56:

    vatibus omnem fidem,

    Ov. M. 15, 283: fugam, poet. for se fuga, or for the simple rapere fugam, to flee, Verg. A. 2, 619.— Poet.: eripiunt flammae noctem, i. c. light up the night, Sil. 11, 281:

    eripuere oculos aurae,

    id. 9, 501:

    se fluvius retro eripit,

    turns back, id. 9, 238.— Poet., with an object clause:

    posse loqui eripitur,

    Ov. M. 2, 483:

    illis eriperes verbis mihi, sidera caeli Lucere,

    i. e. to persuade me that not, Tib. 1, 9, 35.—With quin: vix tamen eripiam, velis quin, etc., I shall scarcely hinder you from, etc., Hor. S. 2, 2, 23.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > eripio

  • 2 recipio

    rĕcĭpĭo, ĕre, cēpi, ceptum [re + capio] - tr. -    - voir receptus. [st1]1 [-] reprendre, recouvrer, retrouver, prendre possession de, occuper.    - anhelitum (spiritum, animam) recipere: reprendre son souffle, sa respiration, reprendre haleine.    - libertatem recipere, Cic.: recouvrer la liberté.    - animum (mentem) recipere: reprendre courage.    - Calenus Delphos, Thebas et Orchomenum voluntate ipsarum civitatium recepit, Caes.: Calénus prit possession de Delphes, de Thèbes et d'Orchomène avec l'assentiment des cités elles-mêmes.    - a tanto pavore recipere animos, Liv. 21, 5, 16: se remettre d'une si grande frayeur.    - recipere vires corporis: retrouver ses forces. [st1]2 [-] prendre de son côté, prendre par représaille, s'emparer de; tirer de, retirer de.    - ad recipiendas Asiae civitates, Just.: pour s'emparer des villes d'Asie.    - recipere quaestus, Cic.: s'enrichir.    - recipere pecuniam ex melle, Varr.: retirer un revenu de son miel.    - poenas ab aliquo recipere, Virg.: tirer vengeance de qqn, se venger de qqn. [st1]3 [-] retirer, tirer à soi, reprendre, ramener, faire revenir.    - recipere sagittam, Cels.: extraire une flèche.    - recipere ensem, Virg.: retirer l'épée (du corps).    - (ensem) multa morte recepit (= retraxit), Virg.: il retira (l'épée) quand il fut bien mort.    - recipere aliquem ex hoste, Virg.: soustraire qqn à l'ennemi. [st1]4 [-] recevoir (qqn), accueillir; accepter, admettre, approuver; recevoir, subir (qqch); recevoir (dans le corps), enfoncer.    - recipere domum ad se hospitio, Caes. B. C. 2, 20: recevoir chez soi à titre d'hôte.    - recepto sospite filio, victoriae tantae gaudium consul sensit, Liv. 45: après avoir reçu son fils sain et sauf, le consul ressentit la joie d'une si grande victoire.    - aliquem ad epulas recipere: recevoir qqn à table.    - aliquem mensā recipere, Cic.: admettre qqn à sa table.    - recipere in custodiam, Plaut.: prendre sous sa protection.    - recipere aliquam in matrimonium: épouser une femme.    - recipere in deditionem: recevoir la capitulation.    - recipere in civitatem: recevoir parmi les citoyens.    - in societatem eum recepit: il le reçut comme allié.    - non Caesaris quemquam alium dorso recipiebat equus, Caes.: le cheval de César ne se laissait monter par personne d'autre (que lui).    - recipe ferrum, Cic.: reçois le fer, laisse-toi égorger (en parl. d'un gladiateur vaincu dans l'arène).    - recipere fabulas, Cic.: admettre des fables, ajouter foi à des fables.    - dolia quae recipiant oleas, Col.: des tonneaux pour recevoir les olives (pour contenir les olives).    - timor misericordiam non recipit, Caes. B. G. 7, 26: la crainte n'admet pas la pitié.    - potio quae recipit... Col.: [breuvage qui reçoit...] = breuvage composé de...    - recipit haec... Scrib.: voici ce que contient (le médicament), voici la recette (du médicament).    - recipere assentationem, Cic.: admettre la flatterie, être accessible à la flatterie.    - recipere emendationem, Quint.: admettre la correction, être susceptible de correction.    - nec deprecor jam, si nefaria scripta Sesti recepso (= recepero), quin gravedinem et tussim non mihi, sed ipsi Sestio ferat frigus, Cat.: et je consens désormais, si j'accueille les écrits néfastes de Sestius, que leur froideur donne le rhume et la toux, non pas à moi, mais à Sestius en personne. [st1]5 [-] se recipere.    - se recipere: - [abcl]a - rentrer, revenir, se retirer, battre en retraite, se replier. - [abcl]b - avec ex + abl. - se remettre de, se ressaisir, se reprendre.    - se recipere ex eo loco, Plaut. Aul. 4, 8, 10: se retirer de cet endroit, se sauver de cet endroit.    - Caesar persequendum sibi Pompeium existimavit, quascumque in partes se ex fuga recepisset, Caes. BC. 3, 102: César jugea bon de devoir poursuivre Pompée quelque fût l'endroit où il se serait retiré après sa fuite.    - hostes proelio superati, simul atque se ex fuga receperunt, statim ad Caesarem legatos de pace miserunt, Caes. BG. 4, 27: les ennemis vaincus, dès qu'ils se furent ressaisis après leur fuite, envoyèrent aussitôt des légats pour négocier la paix auprès de César.    - se recipere e Siciliâ, Cic. Brut. 92, 318: revenir de Sicile.    - se recipere ad suos, Caes. BG. 1, 46: revenir auprès des siens.    - se recipere ad oppidum llerdam, Caes. BC. 1, 45: se replier vers la place forte d'Ilerda.    - sui recipiendi facultas, Caes. BG. 3, 4: la possibilité de battre en retraite.    - se recipere ad signa, Caes. BG. 5, 34: se rallier autour des enseignes.    - se recipere ad aliquem: se réfugier près de qqn, chercher asile près de qqn.    - se recipere ab undis, Virg.: se sauver du naufrage.    - priusquam se hostes ex terrore ac fuga reciperent, Caes. BG. 2: avant de voir les ennemis se remettre de leur terreur et de leur fuite.    - ut me recepi, Cic.: dès que j'eus repris mes esprits.    - qqf. recipere = se recipere.    - rursum in portum recipimus, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 60: nous rentrons dans le port.    - signo recipiendi dato consistere, Caes.: s'arrêter au signal de la retraite.    - neque sepulcrum, quo recipiat, habeat portum corporis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107: qu'il n'ait pas de tombeau, abri du corps, où il puisse se remettre de ses malheurs. [st1]6 [-] garder, retenir, réserver pour soi (dans un contrat, une vente).    - posticulum hoc recepit, quom aedis vendidit, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 157: il s'est gardé cette petite pièce de derrière quand il a vendu la maison.    - recipere rem in venditionibus, Cic.: se réserver une chose dans une vente.    - aqua domini usioni recipitur, Cato.: le maître se réserve l'eau pour son usage.    - bubus binis domino pascere recipitur, Cato.: le maître garde le droit de pacage pour une paire de boeufs. [st1]7 [-] prendre sur soi, entreprendre, admettre, se charger de, s'engager à, répondre (d'une chose), garantir, promettre.    - ad me recipio, faciet, Ter.: j'en réponds, il le fera.    - recipere nomen: recevoir le nom d'une personne (en parl. du préteur), recevoir une accusation, déclarer une accusation recevable. [] deferre nomen: rejeter une accusation.    - recipere aliquem reum (aliquem inter reos): recevoir une accusation contre qqn.    - recipere nomen absentis, Cic.: déclarer recevable une plainte contre un absent.    - recipere causam, Cic.: se charger d'une cause.    - recipere domum custodiendam, Liv.: se charger de la garde d'une maison.    - recipere alicui + prop. inf.: promettre à qqn de, promettre à qqn que.
    * * *
    rĕcĭpĭo, ĕre, cēpi, ceptum [re + capio] - tr. -    - voir receptus. [st1]1 [-] reprendre, recouvrer, retrouver, prendre possession de, occuper.    - anhelitum (spiritum, animam) recipere: reprendre son souffle, sa respiration, reprendre haleine.    - libertatem recipere, Cic.: recouvrer la liberté.    - animum (mentem) recipere: reprendre courage.    - Calenus Delphos, Thebas et Orchomenum voluntate ipsarum civitatium recepit, Caes.: Calénus prit possession de Delphes, de Thèbes et d'Orchomène avec l'assentiment des cités elles-mêmes.    - a tanto pavore recipere animos, Liv. 21, 5, 16: se remettre d'une si grande frayeur.    - recipere vires corporis: retrouver ses forces. [st1]2 [-] prendre de son côté, prendre par représaille, s'emparer de; tirer de, retirer de.    - ad recipiendas Asiae civitates, Just.: pour s'emparer des villes d'Asie.    - recipere quaestus, Cic.: s'enrichir.    - recipere pecuniam ex melle, Varr.: retirer un revenu de son miel.    - poenas ab aliquo recipere, Virg.: tirer vengeance de qqn, se venger de qqn. [st1]3 [-] retirer, tirer à soi, reprendre, ramener, faire revenir.    - recipere sagittam, Cels.: extraire une flèche.    - recipere ensem, Virg.: retirer l'épée (du corps).    - (ensem) multa morte recepit (= retraxit), Virg.: il retira (l'épée) quand il fut bien mort.    - recipere aliquem ex hoste, Virg.: soustraire qqn à l'ennemi. [st1]4 [-] recevoir (qqn), accueillir; accepter, admettre, approuver; recevoir, subir (qqch); recevoir (dans le corps), enfoncer.    - recipere domum ad se hospitio, Caes. B. C. 2, 20: recevoir chez soi à titre d'hôte.    - recepto sospite filio, victoriae tantae gaudium consul sensit, Liv. 45: après avoir reçu son fils sain et sauf, le consul ressentit la joie d'une si grande victoire.    - aliquem ad epulas recipere: recevoir qqn à table.    - aliquem mensā recipere, Cic.: admettre qqn à sa table.    - recipere in custodiam, Plaut.: prendre sous sa protection.    - recipere aliquam in matrimonium: épouser une femme.    - recipere in deditionem: recevoir la capitulation.    - recipere in civitatem: recevoir parmi les citoyens.    - in societatem eum recepit: il le reçut comme allié.    - non Caesaris quemquam alium dorso recipiebat equus, Caes.: le cheval de César ne se laissait monter par personne d'autre (que lui).    - recipe ferrum, Cic.: reçois le fer, laisse-toi égorger (en parl. d'un gladiateur vaincu dans l'arène).    - recipere fabulas, Cic.: admettre des fables, ajouter foi à des fables.    - dolia quae recipiant oleas, Col.: des tonneaux pour recevoir les olives (pour contenir les olives).    - timor misericordiam non recipit, Caes. B. G. 7, 26: la crainte n'admet pas la pitié.    - potio quae recipit... Col.: [breuvage qui reçoit...] = breuvage composé de...    - recipit haec... Scrib.: voici ce que contient (le médicament), voici la recette (du médicament).    - recipere assentationem, Cic.: admettre la flatterie, être accessible à la flatterie.    - recipere emendationem, Quint.: admettre la correction, être susceptible de correction.    - nec deprecor jam, si nefaria scripta Sesti recepso (= recepero), quin gravedinem et tussim non mihi, sed ipsi Sestio ferat frigus, Cat.: et je consens désormais, si j'accueille les écrits néfastes de Sestius, que leur froideur donne le rhume et la toux, non pas à moi, mais à Sestius en personne. [st1]5 [-] se recipere.    - se recipere: - [abcl]a - rentrer, revenir, se retirer, battre en retraite, se replier. - [abcl]b - avec ex + abl. - se remettre de, se ressaisir, se reprendre.    - se recipere ex eo loco, Plaut. Aul. 4, 8, 10: se retirer de cet endroit, se sauver de cet endroit.    - Caesar persequendum sibi Pompeium existimavit, quascumque in partes se ex fuga recepisset, Caes. BC. 3, 102: César jugea bon de devoir poursuivre Pompée quelque fût l'endroit où il se serait retiré après sa fuite.    - hostes proelio superati, simul atque se ex fuga receperunt, statim ad Caesarem legatos de pace miserunt, Caes. BG. 4, 27: les ennemis vaincus, dès qu'ils se furent ressaisis après leur fuite, envoyèrent aussitôt des légats pour négocier la paix auprès de César.    - se recipere e Siciliâ, Cic. Brut. 92, 318: revenir de Sicile.    - se recipere ad suos, Caes. BG. 1, 46: revenir auprès des siens.    - se recipere ad oppidum llerdam, Caes. BC. 1, 45: se replier vers la place forte d'Ilerda.    - sui recipiendi facultas, Caes. BG. 3, 4: la possibilité de battre en retraite.    - se recipere ad signa, Caes. BG. 5, 34: se rallier autour des enseignes.    - se recipere ad aliquem: se réfugier près de qqn, chercher asile près de qqn.    - se recipere ab undis, Virg.: se sauver du naufrage.    - priusquam se hostes ex terrore ac fuga reciperent, Caes. BG. 2: avant de voir les ennemis se remettre de leur terreur et de leur fuite.    - ut me recepi, Cic.: dès que j'eus repris mes esprits.    - qqf. recipere = se recipere.    - rursum in portum recipimus, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 60: nous rentrons dans le port.    - signo recipiendi dato consistere, Caes.: s'arrêter au signal de la retraite.    - neque sepulcrum, quo recipiat, habeat portum corporis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107: qu'il n'ait pas de tombeau, abri du corps, où il puisse se remettre de ses malheurs. [st1]6 [-] garder, retenir, réserver pour soi (dans un contrat, une vente).    - posticulum hoc recepit, quom aedis vendidit, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 157: il s'est gardé cette petite pièce de derrière quand il a vendu la maison.    - recipere rem in venditionibus, Cic.: se réserver une chose dans une vente.    - aqua domini usioni recipitur, Cato.: le maître se réserve l'eau pour son usage.    - bubus binis domino pascere recipitur, Cato.: le maître garde le droit de pacage pour une paire de boeufs. [st1]7 [-] prendre sur soi, entreprendre, admettre, se charger de, s'engager à, répondre (d'une chose), garantir, promettre.    - ad me recipio, faciet, Ter.: j'en réponds, il le fera.    - recipere nomen: recevoir le nom d'une personne (en parl. du préteur), recevoir une accusation, déclarer une accusation recevable. [] deferre nomen: rejeter une accusation.    - recipere aliquem reum (aliquem inter reos): recevoir une accusation contre qqn.    - recipere nomen absentis, Cic.: déclarer recevable une plainte contre un absent.    - recipere causam, Cic.: se charger d'une cause.    - recipere domum custodiendam, Liv.: se charger de la garde d'une maison.    - recipere alicui + prop. inf.: promettre à qqn de, promettre à qqn que.
    * * *
        Recipio, recipis, pen. corr. recepi, pen. prod. receptum, recipere, Ex re et capio. Plin. iunior. Reprendre.
    \
        Fraenum recepit equus. Horat. A receu le mords, et s'est laissé brider.
    \
        Animam recipere. Quintil. Reprendre son haleine.
    \
        Recipere animum vel animos a vel ex pauore. Liu. Reprendre courage.
    \
        Ossa receperunt frigus. Ouid. Ont receu.
    \
        Recipere vrbem aliquam. Cic. La recouvrer.
    \
        Poenas ab aliquo recipere. Virgil. Se venger d'aucun, Punir aucun.
    \
        Recipere se in aliquem locum. Cic. S'y retirer.
    \
        Percunctatum ibo ad portum quoad se recipiat. Terent. Quand c'est qu'il retournera, ou reviendra.
    \
        Recipere se ad aliquem fuga. Caes. S'enfuir vers aucun.
    \
        Recipe te ad me. Plaut. Viens vers moy.
    \
        Recipere se ad coenam ad aliquem. Plautus. Aller soupper chez luy.
    \
        Ad diem se recipere. Cic. Retourner au jour dict.
    \
        Recipe te ad dominum domum. Plaut. Retourne t'en, ou retire toy vers, etc.
    \
        Domum se recipere. Terent. S'en retourner, ou Se retirer en la maison.
    \
        Recipio tempore me domo. Cic. Je sors de la maison.
    \
        Gressum recipere ad limina. Virg. Retourner à la maison.
    \
        Ex loco aliquo se recipere. Cic. S'en aller d'un lieu.
    \
        Ex opere se recipere. Plaut. Retourner de la besongne.
    \
        In portum se recipere. Cicero. Se sauver au port, et se mettre en seureté.
    \
        Ad frugem se recipere. Cic. Devenir homme de bien.
    \
        Ad ingenium suum se recipere. Plaut. Retourner à sa maniere de vivre, ou à sa nature, à son naturel.
    \
        Recipere. Cic. Reprendre courage, Revenir à soy.
    \
        Recipere se in principem. Plin. iunior. Reprendre son authorité de prince.
    \
        Recipere in tutelam. Plin. iunior. Prendre en sa sauvegarde.
    \
        Recipere sinu. Cic. Mettre en son sein.
    \
        Recipere in aures. Plaut. Ouyr.
    \
        Austeritatem recipere dicuntur vina annis. Plin. Devenir aspres par succession de temps.
    \
        Non recipit cunctationem haec res. Liuius. Il ne fault point delayer ne tarder de faire ceci, Ceci ne recoit point de delay.
    \
        Detrimentum recipere. Caesar. Recevoir dommage.
    \
        Incrementum recipere. Colum. Croistre.
    \
        Sonum recipiunt aures. Cic. Recoyvent.
    \
        Recipere aliquem. Cic. Recevoir en sa maison.
    \
        Recipere aliquem mensa, lare, tecto, etc. Liu. Cic. Luy bailler à manger, et le loger, Le recevoir en son logis, et à sa table.
    \
        Recipere ciuitate. Cic. Faire bourgeois.
    \
        Recipere in sedem, et Recipere dorso dicitur equus hominem. Plin. Quand un cheval se laisse chevaucher.
    \
        In amicitiam recipere. Cic. Prendre amitié avec aucun, L'aimer, Recevoir aucun en son amitié.
    \
        In deditionem recipere. Caes. Prendre à merci.
    \
        Recipi ad deos. Liu. Estre receu par les dieux en leur nombre.
    \
        Aliquem in familiaritatem recipere. Cic. Prendre accoinctance avec aucun.
    \
        Ciuitatem in fidem recipere. Cic. Recevoir en sa sauvegarde.
    \
        In gratiam recipere. Cic. Aimer aucun, et le recevoir en sa bonne grace, Le prendre en grace.
    \
        Recipere seruum. Vlpian. Receler et recueillir.
    \
        Recipere. Plaut. Excepter et se reserver quelque chose, quand on vend quelque heritage, ou maison.
    \
        Medio ex hoste recepi. Virgil. Je l'ay sauvé et delivré du milieu des ennemis, Je l'ay rescoux des mains de ses ennemis.
    \
        In tutum recipi. Liu. Estre mis en sauveté.
    \
        Aliquem in periculo recipere. Vatinius Ciceroni. Le retirer à soy.
    \
        Nomen absentis recipere. Cic. Recevoir un accusateur à deferer et poursuyvre aucun absent et hors du pays.
    \
        Recipere corpore telum. Virgil. Tirer hors du temps.
    \
        Recipere. Cic. Promettre de faire quelque chose, S'en charger et prendre sur soy.
    \
        Recipere ad se. Plaut. Prendre sur soy quelque affaire.
    \
        - ad me recipio, Faciet. Terent. Il le fera, je le prens sur moy, Je vous promets qu'il le fera, Je le prens à ma charge.
    \
        Recipere causam capitis. Cic. Prendre à defendre quelque cas criminel, Plaider pour aucun, et le defendre en matiere criminelle.
    \
        Recipere mandatum. Cic. Se charger des affaires d'autruy à son mandement.
    \
        Receptum officium persoluere. Cic. S'aquicter de la charge qu'on a prinse.
    \
        Recipere onus aliquod. Cic. Prendre quelque charge.
    \
        Saluum fore recipio. Vlpian. Je le prens à mes perils et fortunes, Je le prens à ma charge.
    \
        Si reciperes te correcturum. Cecinna. Si tu promettois de la corriger.
    \
        Vt mihi coram recepisti. Cic. Comme tu m'as promis en ma presence.
    \
        Recipere et Respuere, contraria. Quintil. Prendre en gré, Accepter, Avoir pour aggreable.
    \
        Vsus recepit. Quintil. L'usage l'a receu et approuvé.
    \
        Cognoscere et recipere. Cic. Recevoir et approuver.
    \
        Recipi in cibum, vel in mensas, dicitur herba, vel auis, quum recipitur pro cibo. Plin. Quand on en mange.
    \
        Recipere in mores. Quintil. Recevoir une maniere de faire.
    \
        Receptum est, Impersonale. Quintil. C'est une chose approuvee et receue.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > recipio

  • 3 servo

    servo, āvi, ātum, 1 (old fut. perf. servasso, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 71: servassis, an old formula in Cato, R. R. 141, 3:

    servassit,

    Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 76:

    servassint,

    id. As. 3, 3, 64; id. Cas. 2, 5, 16; id. Ps. 1, 1, 35; id. Stich. 4, 1, 1; id. Trin. 2, 2, 103), v. a. [cf. salus].
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen., to save, deliver, keep unharmed, preserve, protect, etc. (very freq. and class.; syn. salvo): Ph. Perdis me tuis dictis. Cu. Immo servo et servatum volo, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 56; cf.:

    qui ceteros servavi, ut nos periremus,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 2:

    pol me occidistis, amici, Non servastis,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 139:

    aliquem ex periculo,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 41 fin.:

    aliquem ex judicio,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 131:

    vita ex hostium telis servata,

    id. Rep. 1, 3, 5:

    urbs ex belli ore et faucibus erepta atque servata,

    id. Arch. 9, 21.—With ab and abl. (mostly post - Aug. and rare):

    si tamen servari a furibus possunt,

    Pall. 5, 8, 7 fin.:

    super omnia Capitolium summamque rem in eo solus a Gallis servaverat,

    Plin. 7, 28, 29, § 103.—Mars pater, te precor, pastores pecuaque salva servassis duisque bonam salutem mihi, etc., an old formula of prayer, Cato, R. R. 141, 3:

    di te servassint semper,

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 64:

    di te servassint mihi,

    id. Cas. 2, 5, 16; id. Ps. 1, 1, 35; id. Stich. 4, 1, 1; id. Trin. 2, 2, 103:

    ita me servet Juppiter,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 24:

    serva, quod in te est, filium et me et familiam,

    id. Heaut. 4, 8, 4: tu me amoris magis quam honoris servavisti gratiā. Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69 (Trag. v. 316 Vahl.):

    invitum qui servat idem facit occidenti,

    Hor. A. P. 467:

    Graeciae portus per se (i. e. Themistoclem) servatos,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 5: [p. 1684] servare rem publicam, id. Sest. 22, 49:

    quoniam me unā vobiscum servare non possum, vestrae quidem certe vitae prospiciam, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 50:

    impedimenta cohortesque,

    id. B. C. 1, 70:

    urbem insulamque Caesari,

    id. ib. 2, 20:

    sua,

    Cato, R. R. 5, 1:

    rem suam,

    Hor. A. P. 329:

    servabit odorem Testa,

    id. Ep. 1, 2, 69:

    Sabinus Vitisator, curvam servans sub imagine falcem,

    keeping, retaining, Verg. A. 7, 179 et saep.:

    urbem et cives integros incolumesque,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 10, 25:

    pudicitiam liberorum ab eorum libidine tutam,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 68:

    se integros castosque,

    id. Tusc. 1, 30, 72: omnia mihi integra, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1.— Poet. with inf.:

    infecta sanguine tela Conjugibus servant parvisque ostendere natis,

    Stat. Th. 9, 188.— Absol.: So. Perii, pugnos ponderat. Me. Quid si ego illum tractim tangam ut dormiat? So. Servaveris:

    Nam continuas has tres noctes pervigilavi,

    you would save me, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 157.—
    (β).
    With abl. or ab or ex and abl. of the danger or evil:

    si respublica populi Romani Quiritium ad quinquennium proximum salva servata erit hisce duellis, datum donum duit, etc., an ancient votive formula,

    Liv. 22, 10, 2:

    Q. SERVILIVS VVLNERE SERVATVS,

    Inscr. Grut. 48, 5:

    omnes quattuor amissis servatae a peste carinae,

    Verg. A. 5, 699.—Usu. with ex:

    quo ex judicio te ulla salus servare posset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 131:

    urbs ex omni impetu regio servata,

    id. Arch. 9, 21:

    ex eo periculo,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 41:

    navem ex hieme marique,

    Nep. Att. 10, 6.—
    b.
    With abstract objects: navorum imperium servare est induperantum, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 169 Müll. (Trag. v. 413 Vahl.):

    imperium probe,

    Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 7:

    ordines,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 26; id. B. C. 1, 44; 2, 41; cf. id. B. G. 7, 23:

    ordinem laboris quietisque,

    Liv. 26, 51:

    praesidia indiligentius,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 33:

    vigilias,

    Liv. 34, 9:

    custodias neglegenter,

    id. 33, 4:

    discrimina rerum,

    id. 5, 46:

    concentum (fides),

    Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 75:

    cursus,

    id. Rep. 1, 14, 22; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 68:

    intervallum,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 23:

    tenorem pugnae,

    Liv. 30, 18:

    modum,

    Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 180 et saep.:

    fidem,

    Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 63:

    fidem cum aliquo,

    id. Curc. 1, 2, 49; id. Merc. 3, 1, 33; Ter. And. 1, 5, 45:

    fides juris jurandi saepe cum hoste servanda,

    Cic. Off. 3, 29, 107; cf.:

    fidem de numero dierum,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 36:

    promissum,

    Plaut. Am. 5, 3, 1:

    promissa,

    Cic. Off. 1, 10, 23:

    officia,

    id. ib. 1, 11, 33:

    justitiam,

    id. ib. 1, 13, 41; cf.:

    aequabilitatem juris,

    id. Rep. 1, 34, 53:

    aequitatem,

    id. Off. 1, 19, 64:

    jura induciarum,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 85:

    institutum militare,

    id. ib. 3, 75; cf. id. ib. 3, 84;

    3, 89: rectum animi, Hor S. 2, 3, 201: consulta patrum, leges juraque,

    id. Ep. 1, 16, 41;

    legem,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 2:

    consuetudinem,

    id. Clu. 32, 89:

    illud quod deceat,

    id. Off. 1, 28, 97:

    dignitatem,

    id. de Or. 2, 54, 221:

    fidem cum aliquo,

    id. Phil. 7, 8, 22:

    amicitiam summā fide,

    id. Lael. 7, 25:

    Platonis verecundiam,

    id. Fam. 9, 22, 5:

    aequam mentem,

    Hor. C. 2, 3, 2:

    nati amorem,

    Verg. A. 2, 789:

    conubia alicujus,

    id. ib. 3, 319:

    foedera,

    Ov. F. 2, 159.—
    B.
    In partic., to keep, lay up, preserve, reserve for the future or for some purpose (syn. reservare):

    si voles servare (vinum) in vetustatem, ad alvum movendam servato,

    Cato, R. R. 114, 2; Col. 12, 28, 4:

    lectum Massicum,

    Hor. C. 3, 21, 6; Col. 12, 28, 4; cf.:

    Caecuba centum clavibus,

    Hor. C. 2, 14, 26:

    lapis chernites mitior est servandis corporibus nec absumendis,

    Plin. 36, 17, 28, § 132:

    vermes in melle,

    id. 30, 13, 39, § 115:

    se temporibus aliis,

    Cic. Planc. 5, 13:

    eo me servavi,

    id. Att. 5, 17, 1:

    Valerius, in parvis rebus neglegens ultor gravem se ad majora vindicem servabat,

    Liv. 2, 11, 4; 10, 28, 5.—With dat.:

    placet esse quasdam res servatas judicio voluntatique multitudinis,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 45, 69:

    in aliquod tempus quam integerrimas vires militi servare,

    Liv. 10, 28:

    Jovis auribus ista (carmina) Servas,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 44:

    causa integra Caesari servaretur, Auct. B. Alex. 35, 1: durate et vosmet rebus servate secundis,

    Verg. A. 1, 207.— Poet. with ad:

    ad Herculeos servaberis arcus,

    Ov. M. 12, 309.—
    II.
    Transf. (from the idea of the attention being turned to any thing).
    A.
    To give heed to, pay attention to; to watch, observe any thing (syn. observo).
    1.
    In gen.
    (α).
    With acc.: uxor scelesta me omnibus servat modis, Ne, etc., Plaut. Rud. 4, 1, 5:

    vestimenta sua,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 52:

    iter alicujus,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 19:

    Palinurus dum sidera servat,

    Verg. A. 6, 338:

    nubem locumque,

    Ov. M. 5, 631:

    nutricis limen servantis alumnae,

    keeping watch over, guarding, id. ib. 10, 383:

    pascentes haedos,

    Verg. E. 5, 12:

    vestibulum,

    id. A. 6, 556:

    servaturis vigili Capitolia voce Cederet anseribus,

    Ov. M. 2, 538; cf.:

    pomaria dederat servanda draconi,

    id. ib. 4, 646.—
    (β).
    With rel.-clause or final: quid servas, quo eam, quid agam? Lucil. ap. Non. 387, 26:

    tuus servus servet, Venerine eas (coronas) det, an viro,

    Plaut. As. 4, 1, 60:

    cum decemviri servassent, ut unus fasces haberet,

    Liv. 3, 36, 3:

    servandum in eo ante omnia, ut, etc.,

    Plin. 17, 17, 28, § 124:

    ut (triumviri) servarent, ne qui nocturni coetus fierent,

    Liv. 39, 14 fin.; Col. 8, 5, 13.—
    (γ).
    Absol., to stay, keep watch, or guard: Eu. Intus serva. Sl. Quippini Ego intus servem? an, ne quis aedes auferat? Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 3 sq.; cf.:

    nemo in aedibus Servat,

    id. Most. 2, 2, 22:

    solus Sannio servat domi,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 10; Ov. M. 1, 627.— Imper.:

    serva!

    take care! look out! beware! Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 29; Ter. And. 2, 5, 5; id. Ad. 2, 1, 18; Hor. S. 2, 3, 59.—
    2.
    In partic., in relig. lang., to observe an omen: secundam avem servat... servat genus altivolantum, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 83 and 84 Vahl.):

    de caelo servare,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 32, 81; id. Div. 2, 35, 74;

    so of the augurs: de caelo,

    id. Vatin. 6, 15; id. Sest. 61, 129; id. Prov. Cons. 19, 45; id. Att. 2, 16, 2; 4, 3, 3:

    caelum servare,

    Lucr. 5, 395:

    fulgura caeli,

    id. 6, 429.—
    B.
    To keep to, remain in a place (i. e. to keep watch there); to dwell in, inhabit (ante-class. and poet.):

    nunc te amabo, ut hanc hoc triduum solum sinas Esse hic et servare apud me,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 107:

    tu nidum servas,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 6:

    atria servantem postico falle clientem,

    id. ib. 1, 5, 31:

    nymphae sorores, Centum quae silvas, centum quae flumina servant,

    Verg. G. 4, 383:

    immanem hydrum Servantem ripas,

    id. ib. 4, 459:

    sola domum et tantas servabat filia sedes,

    id. A. 7, 52:

    DOMVM SERVAVIT, LANAM FECIT,

    Inscr. Orell. 3848.—
    C.
    In late jurid. Lat.:

    servare aliquid (pecuniam) ab aliquo,

    to get, obtain, receive, Dig. 17, 1, 45 fin.; so ib. 25, 5, 2; 26, 7, 61.—Hence, * servans, antis, P.a., keeping, observant; with gen.:

    Rhipeus servantissimus aequi,

    Verg. A. 2, 427.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > servo

  • 4 extraho

    ex-traho, trāxī, tractum, ere
    1) вытягивать, вытаскивать (aliquem in siccum Pt; rete ex aquā Pl); извлекать, вынимать, вырывать (cultrum e vulnere L; aliquem turbā H)
    e. aliquid in lucem L — вытащить что-л. на свет, т. е. выяснить, разъяснить
    3) стаскивать, снимать ( anulum alicui Su)
    4) искоренять, удалять (errorem stirpĭtus G; religionem ex animis C)
    5) избавлять, спасать ( aliquem ex periculo C)
    6) насильно выводить, выгонять ( rure extractus in urbem H); вызывать ( mortuos ab infĕris L)
    8) затягивать, тянуть (proelium ad noctem L; bellum in tertium annum L; aliquid in infinītum Q); откладывать ( rem in consulis adventum L); задерживать, водить за нос, обманывать обещаниями (aliquem L, Su)

    Латинско-русский словарь > extraho

  • 5 subduco

    sub-dūco, xi, ctum, 3 ( perf. sync. subduxti, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 25; inf. subduxe, Poët. ap. Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 6), v. a., to draw from under or from below.
    I.
    Without the idea of removal.
    A.
    In gen., to draw or pull up; to lift up, raise (rare):

    brassicam ad nasum admoveto: ita subducito susum animam, quam plurimum poteris,

    Cato, R. R. 157, 15:

    aliquid sursum,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 4:

    cataractam funibus,

    Liv. 27, 28, 10: subductis (tunicis) usque ad inguen, pulled up (opp. demissis), Hor. S. 1, 2, 26: supercilia, Turp. ap. Non. 399, 30; Varr. ib. 399, 33; Sen. Ep. 48, 5; id. Ben. 1, 1, 6 al.; cf.:

    subducto voltu,

    Prop. 2, 10 (3, 1), 9.—
    B.
    In partic., naut. t. t., to draw or haul up on land (a ship out of the water;

    class. and freq.): navim in pulvinarium,

    Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 27:

    longas naves in aridum,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 29:

    navis subducta in terrā,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 50:

    naves regiae in campo Martio subductae sunt,

    Liv. 45, 42:

    ab classe, quae Corcyrae subducta erat,

    id. 31, 22:

    classis, quae subducta esset ad Gytheum,

    Cic. Off. 3, 11, 49; so,

    naves,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 11; id. B. C. 2, 23; 3, 23 fin.; Liv. 27, 17, 6; 37, 10; 42, 27:

    classem,

    id. 45, 2 al.; Vulg. Luc. 5, 11.—
    II.
    With the idea of removal implied, to draw away from among; to take away, lead away, carry off; to withdraw, remove, etc. (class.; syn. subtraho).
    A.
    In gen.:

    ubi bullabit vinum, ignem subducito,

    Cato, R. R. 105, 1:

    lapides ex turri,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 11:

    rerum fundamenta,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 42:

    conjux fidum capiti subduxerat ensem,

    Verg. A. 6, 524:

    subduc cibum unum diem athletae,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 40:

    et sucus pecori et lac subducitur agnis,

    Verg. E. 3, 6:

    pugnae Turnum,

    id. A. 10, 615;

    so,

    id. ib. 10, 50:

    aliquem manibus Graium,

    id. ib. 10, 81:

    aliquem praesenti periculo,

    Vell. 2, 72, 5:

    se pedibus (terra),

    Lucr. 1, 1106:

    se ab ipso Vulnere (fera),

    Ov. M. 7, 781 et saep. —
    2.
    Esp.
    (α).
    To purge, evacuate:

    quoniam is cibus subduceret sensim alvum,

    Gell. 4, 11, 4; so,

    alvum,

    Cels. 3, 4.—
    (β).
    Vela celeriter, to take in, furl, Auct. B. Alex. 45, 3:

    rem de judicio,

    Dig. 10, 2, 14.—
    B.
    Milit. t. t., to draw off forces from one position to another (class.):

    cohortes aliquot subductas ex dextro cornu post aciem circumducit,

    Liv. 27, 48:

    Numidas ex mediā acie,

    id. 22, 48:

    triarios ex postremā acie,

    id. 44, 37:

    subductis ordinibus,

    id. 36, 18; cf. id. 40, 30:

    ab his centuriones omnes lectos et evocatos... in primam aciem subducit,

    Sall. C. 59, 3:

    copias in proximum collem subducit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 24; 1, 22:

    milites pleno gradu in collem,

    Sall. J. 98, 4:

    agmen in aequiorem locum,

    Liv. 7, 34.—
    C.
    With the idea of stealth or secrecy.
    1.
    To take away secretly or by stealth, to steal, hide: Atreus quam (pecudem auream) sibi Thyestem subduxe queritur, Poët. ap. Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 6:

    alicui anulum,

    Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 81:

    subducta viatica plorat,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 54:

    post ignem aethereā domo Subductum,

    id. C. 1, 3, 30:

    nec mihi rivalis subducit certos amores,

    Prop. 1, 8, 45:

    saccularii partem subducunt, partem subtrahunt,

    Dig. 47, 11, 7:

    obsides furto,

    Liv. 9, 11:

    cubiculum subductum omnibus ventis,

    secured against, Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 10.—
    2.
    Esp., with se, me, etc., to take one's self away by stealth, withdraw, steal away:

    tempus est subducere hinc me,

    Plaut. As. 5, 2, 62:

    clam te subduxti mihi,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 25:

    de circulo se subduxit,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 4, 1:

    modo se subducere ab ipso Vulnere visa fera est,

    Ov. M. 7, 781:

    se clam,

    Nep. Alcib. 4, 4;

    Auct. B. Afr. 93, 1: at nos quaerimus illa (verba), tamquam lateant semper seseque subducant,

    Quint. 8, prooem. § 21.— Poet.:

    neve terra se pedibus subducat,

    Lucr. 1, 1106:

    quā se subducere colles Incipiunt,

    i. e. to slope down gradually, Verg. E. 9, 7; cf.

    mid.: fons subducitur,

    i. e. loses itself, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 39.—
    III.
    Trop.
    1.
    Rationem, to draw up, cast up, reckon, compute, calculate, or balance an account (by subtracting one set of items from another; class.;

    esp. freq. in Cic.): subduxi ratiunculam, Quantum aeris mihi sit, quantumque alieni siet,

    Plaut. Curc. 3, 1; cf.:

    intus subducam ratiunculam, quantillum argenti mi siet,

    id. Capt. 1, 2, 89:

    subducamus summam,

    Cic. Att. 5, 21, 11; cf.:

    assidunt, subducunt: ad numum convenit,

    id. ib. 5, 21, 12.—
    2.
    In gen.: rationem, to deliberate, calculate:

    rationibus subductis summam feci cogitationum mearum,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 10:

    Medea et Atreus... initā subductāque ratione nefaria scelera meditantes,

    id. N. D. 3, 29, 71; cf.: ineundis subducendisque rationibus, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 399, 16;

    for which also, calculis subductis,

    id. Fin. 2, 19, 60:

    bene subductā ratione,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 1:

    hoc quid intersit, si tuos digitos novi, certe habes subductum,

    Cic. Att. 5, 21, 31. —Hence, subductus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    (Acc. to I. A.) Raised, elevated, upturned: quod vituperones suos subducti supercilii carptores appellavit (Laevius), Gell. 19, 7, 16.—
    B.
    (Acc. to II. A. 1.) Withdrawn, removed, remote, = remotus (post-Aug. and very rare):

    terra subductior,

    Mart. Cap. 6, § 591.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > subduco

  • 6 servo

    āvī, ātum, āre
    1) наблюдать, следить (s. sidĕra V; s. ortum caniculae C)
    s. de caelo etc. (об авгурах)наблюдать небесные явления
    quantum oculi s. possunt Vнасколько видит глаз
    3) сторожить, охранять (reos custodiā C; greges V; quicquid servatur, cupīmus magis O)
    s. custodias Lнести охрану
    4) оставаться, пребывать, находиться
    s. limen Vсидеть дома
    s. silvas Vжить в лесах
    5) соблюдать (ordinem Cs, L etc.; vigilias L; legem C; defuncti voluntas servatur Dig); сдерживать ( promissa C)
    6) сберегать, беречь, сохранять (vestigia veteris formae O; s. vinum Caecubum H; s. se ad majora L; aequam mentem s. H)
    7) оберегать ( pudicitiam V); спасать, выручать ( aliquem ex periculo Cs)
    serva me, servabo te погов. Pt — выручи меня, а я выручу тебя (= manus manum lavat)

    Латинско-русский словарь > servo

  • 7 liberare

    освобождать, напр. liber. aliquem, liberari periculo (1. 9 pr. D. 40, 2. 1. 1. 72 § 1 D. 46, 3);

    vinculis (1. 2 § 1 D. 48, 3);

    poena (1. 3 § 2 D. 29, 5. 1. 32 pr. D. 48, 5. 1. 8 § 12 D. 48, 19);

    crimine (1. 4 § 1. 1. 11 D. 48, 4);

    obligatione (1. 2 D. 3, 6. 1. 3 D. 12, 7. 1. 11 D. 46, 4);

    actione (1. 28 § 4 D. 34, 3. 1. 92 pr. D. 47, 2);

    condictione (1. 72 § 3 D. 46, 3);

    petitione (1. 43 D. 19, 1. 1. 12 D. 28, 6. 1. 87 § 1 D. 29, 2. 1. 77 pr. D. 36, 1. 1. 41 § 12 D. 32);

    debito (1. 50 § 6 D. 38, 2);

    aere alieno (1. 25. D. 10, 3);

    patria potestate (1. 12 D. 1, 7. 1. 107. D. 45, 1);

    potestate domini (1. 18 D. 50, 17), tutela (pr. I. 1, 22. 1. 9 § 2 D. 1, 8. 1. 30 pr. D. 35, 2. 1. 18 § 3 D. 49, 17); особ. a) освоб. должника от обязательства, liberari прот. obligari (1. 1 D. 18, 5. 1. 5 § 4 D. 24, 1. 1. 47 D. 44, 7. 1. 83 § 5 D. 45, 1);

    se liberare = solvere (1. 9 § 5 D. 26, 7. 1. 39 D. 3, 5. cf. 1. 23. 91 D. 46, 3);

    liberatus fideiusor (1. 20 D. 49, 14. 1. 5 § 3. 1. 7 § 2. 1. 19 23. 24 D. 34, 3);

    debitorem, utliberetur, legare (1. 18 pr. eod. 1. 3 § 3. 1. 5 § 3 eod. 1. 31 § 4 D. 39, 6. 1. 1 § 2 D. 42, 8. 1. 2. 3. 8 § 2. 1. 11 pr. 1. 13 § 7. 10 D. 46, 4);

    tempore (1. 10 pr. D. 2, 11. 1. 8 pr. D. 3, 5. 1. 46 § 1 eod.);

    b) liber, creditorem, удовлетворять кредитора (1. 6 § 1 eod. 1. 26 § 2 D. 40, 5);

    c) освоб. вещь из-под залога: liber, (a creditore) pignus, hypothecam (1. 18 D. 10, 4. 1. 3 § 2. 1. 4 D. 20, 4. 1. 1 pr. 1. 7 pr. D. 20, 6. 1. 65 D. 21, 2. 1. 2 D. 42, 8. 1. 15 D. 33, 4);

    fundum obligatum (1. 41 D. 18, 1);

    rem venditam (1. 131 § 1 D. 45, 1);

    liberand. praediorum onus (1. 57 D. 30); о залогопринимателе, который возвращает заложенную вещь должнику: si creditrix mulier rem, quam pignori acceperat, debitori liberaverit (1. 8 pr. D. 16, 1);

    liber. domum (debitoris) ex pignoribus (1. 20 pr. D. 34, 3);

    d) освоб. от сервитута (1. 2 D. 7, 6. 1. 6 § 1 D. 8, 6);

    e) увольнять от должности (1. 39 D. 27, 1. 1. 50 § 2 D. 32. 1. 1 C. 5, 63);

    f) оправдывать (1. 5 § 1 D. 48, 1. 1. 6 D. 48, 2);

    g) отпускать на волю (1. 10 D. 18, 7. 1. 43 D. 19, 1. 1. § D. 20, 2. 1. 31 D. 29, 1. 1. 32 D. 38, 2. 1. 5 D. 40, 2. 1. 122 § 5 D. 45, 1);

    se liber, ab aliquo = manumitti (1. 3 § 5 D. 22, 5).

    Латинско-русский словарь к источникам римского права > liberare

  • 8 periclum

    pĕrīcŭlum (contr. pĕrīclum, very freq. in the poets, e. g. Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 29; Ter. And. 2, 2, 13; 5, 1, 2; 5, 2, 26 al.; Lucr. 1, 580; 2, 5 et saep.; Verg. A. 2, 709; 751; 3, 711 et saep.; Juv. 6, 94), i, n. [root, Sanscr. par, pi-par-mi, to conduct, guide; Gr. peraô, to pierce; poros. a way through, passage; Lat. porta, portus, ex - perior, per-itus; cf. Germ. fahren, Gefahr], a trial, experiment, attempt, proof, essay (class.; cf. disorimen).
    I.
    Lit.:

    fac periculum in litteris,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 23:

    miser est homo qui amat... Scio qui periclum feci,

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 27:

    priusquam periclum faceret,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 21:

    ex aliis,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 36:

    alicujus fidei periculum facere,

    to make trial of, to try, Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 34:

    quā in re tute tui periculum fecisti,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 8, 27: legionum, Auct. B. Afr. 79.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Concr., an attempt in writing, an essay:

    faciunt imperite, qui in isto periculo non ut a poëtā, sed ut a teste, veritatem exigent (speaking of a poem in honor of Marius),

    Cic. Leg. 1, 1, 4; Aus. Idyll. 10, 215.—
    B.
    Risk, hazard, danger, peril (which acompanies an attempt;

    the common signif. of the word): meo periclo rem gero,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 100:

    tuo ego istaec dicam illi periculo,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 17:

    periculum facere,

    to run a risk, id. ib. 1, 1, 63:

    si ei subito sit allatum periculum discrimenque patriae,

    Cic. Off. 1, 43, 154:

    salus sociorum summum in periculum ac discrimen vocatur,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12:

    discriminum et periculorum comites,

    id. N. D. 2, 66, 166:

    obire pericula ac labores,

    Liv. 1, 54:

    periculum adire capitis,

    to run the risk of one's life, Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 110:

    in periculo animarum suarum,

    Vulg. 1 Par. 11, 19:

    subire pro amico,

    Cic. Part. 19, 66:

    suscipere,

    to take upon one's self, id. Mur. 36, 76:

    ingredi,

    id. ib. 2, 4:

    conflare alicui,

    to cause, occasion, id. Sull. 4, 13:

    intendere in aliquem,

    id. Rosc. Am. 3, 7:

    intendere alicui,

    id. Att. 2, 19, 1:

    mortis alicui inicere,

    id. Caecin. 29, 83:

    facessere innocenti,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45:

    facere alicui,

    Sall. C. 33, 1; cf.:

    ego nihil facio tibi periculi,

    Plaut. Cas. 4, 3, 7:

    creare alicui,

    Cic. Att. 22, 2:

    comparare alicui,

    id. Fl. 38, 96:

    moliri optimis civibus,

    id. Sest. 1, 1:

    amici depellere,

    id. Clu. 6, 8:

    subterfugere,

    id. Fam. 15, 1, 4:

    adducta est res in maximum periculum et extremum paene discrimen,

    id. Phil. 7, 1, 1:

    se in periculum capitis atque in vitae discrimen inferre,

    id. Balb. 10, 25:

    arcessere aliquem in summum capitis periculum,

    id. Rab. Perd. 9, 26:

    includere in periculum,

    id. Clu. 55, 155:

    in periculum se committere,

    to get into danger, id. Inv. 2, 8, 37:

    eripere ex periculo,

    id. Clu. 26, 70:

    extrahere ex periculo,

    to release from danger, id. Sest. 4, 11:

    rem publicam a periculo prohibere,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:

    liberare periculis,

    id. de Or. 1, 8, 32:

    res in periculo vertitur,

    the affair becomes perilous, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 12:

    esse in periculo,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 15, 2:

    in periculo versari,

    id. Rab. Post. 9, 23:

    a securi negat ei periculum esse,

    that danger threatens him, id. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:

    periculum est, ne,

    there is danger that, id. Tusc. 5, 40, 118; so id. Verr. 1, 11, 32: periculo meo, tuo, suo, at my, your, his risk:

    meo periculo,

    id. Sest. 52, 111:

    crede audacter meo periculo,

    Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 51:

    meo periculo rem gero,

    id. Bacch. 4, 4, 100; id. As. 2, 4, 51:

    des ei nummos fide et periculo meo,

    Dig. 46, 1, 24:

    navem sumptu periculoque suo armatam mittere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 20, § 50; id. Fl. 17, 41:

    rem periculi sui facere,

    to do a thing at one's own risk, Dig. 23, 5, 16: bono periculo, safely, without danger (post-class.), App. Mag. p. 320, 16.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    A trial, action, suit at law (class.):

    meus labor in privatorum periculis caste integreque versatus,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 2:

    aliquem in periculis defendere,

    Nep. Phoc. 2, 3.—
    b.
    A writ of judgment, a sentence:

    unum ab iis petivit, ut in periculo suo inscriberent, etc.,

    Nep. Ep. 8:

    pericula magistratuum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79, § 183.—
    c.
    A sickness, attack of sickness (post-Aug.):

    in acutis vero periculis nullis dandum est vinum,

    Plin. 23, 1, 24, § 48.—
    d.
    Ruin, destruction (postclass.):

    tremefactae nutant usque ad periculum civitates,

    Arn. 1, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > periclum

  • 9 periculum

    pĕrīcŭlum (contr. pĕrīclum, very freq. in the poets, e. g. Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 29; Ter. And. 2, 2, 13; 5, 1, 2; 5, 2, 26 al.; Lucr. 1, 580; 2, 5 et saep.; Verg. A. 2, 709; 751; 3, 711 et saep.; Juv. 6, 94), i, n. [root, Sanscr. par, pi-par-mi, to conduct, guide; Gr. peraô, to pierce; poros. a way through, passage; Lat. porta, portus, ex - perior, per-itus; cf. Germ. fahren, Gefahr], a trial, experiment, attempt, proof, essay (class.; cf. disorimen).
    I.
    Lit.:

    fac periculum in litteris,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 23:

    miser est homo qui amat... Scio qui periclum feci,

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 27:

    priusquam periclum faceret,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 21:

    ex aliis,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 36:

    alicujus fidei periculum facere,

    to make trial of, to try, Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 34:

    quā in re tute tui periculum fecisti,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 8, 27: legionum, Auct. B. Afr. 79.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Concr., an attempt in writing, an essay:

    faciunt imperite, qui in isto periculo non ut a poëtā, sed ut a teste, veritatem exigent (speaking of a poem in honor of Marius),

    Cic. Leg. 1, 1, 4; Aus. Idyll. 10, 215.—
    B.
    Risk, hazard, danger, peril (which acompanies an attempt;

    the common signif. of the word): meo periclo rem gero,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 100:

    tuo ego istaec dicam illi periculo,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 17:

    periculum facere,

    to run a risk, id. ib. 1, 1, 63:

    si ei subito sit allatum periculum discrimenque patriae,

    Cic. Off. 1, 43, 154:

    salus sociorum summum in periculum ac discrimen vocatur,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12:

    discriminum et periculorum comites,

    id. N. D. 2, 66, 166:

    obire pericula ac labores,

    Liv. 1, 54:

    periculum adire capitis,

    to run the risk of one's life, Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 110:

    in periculo animarum suarum,

    Vulg. 1 Par. 11, 19:

    subire pro amico,

    Cic. Part. 19, 66:

    suscipere,

    to take upon one's self, id. Mur. 36, 76:

    ingredi,

    id. ib. 2, 4:

    conflare alicui,

    to cause, occasion, id. Sull. 4, 13:

    intendere in aliquem,

    id. Rosc. Am. 3, 7:

    intendere alicui,

    id. Att. 2, 19, 1:

    mortis alicui inicere,

    id. Caecin. 29, 83:

    facessere innocenti,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45:

    facere alicui,

    Sall. C. 33, 1; cf.:

    ego nihil facio tibi periculi,

    Plaut. Cas. 4, 3, 7:

    creare alicui,

    Cic. Att. 22, 2:

    comparare alicui,

    id. Fl. 38, 96:

    moliri optimis civibus,

    id. Sest. 1, 1:

    amici depellere,

    id. Clu. 6, 8:

    subterfugere,

    id. Fam. 15, 1, 4:

    adducta est res in maximum periculum et extremum paene discrimen,

    id. Phil. 7, 1, 1:

    se in periculum capitis atque in vitae discrimen inferre,

    id. Balb. 10, 25:

    arcessere aliquem in summum capitis periculum,

    id. Rab. Perd. 9, 26:

    includere in periculum,

    id. Clu. 55, 155:

    in periculum se committere,

    to get into danger, id. Inv. 2, 8, 37:

    eripere ex periculo,

    id. Clu. 26, 70:

    extrahere ex periculo,

    to release from danger, id. Sest. 4, 11:

    rem publicam a periculo prohibere,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:

    liberare periculis,

    id. de Or. 1, 8, 32:

    res in periculo vertitur,

    the affair becomes perilous, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 12:

    esse in periculo,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 15, 2:

    in periculo versari,

    id. Rab. Post. 9, 23:

    a securi negat ei periculum esse,

    that danger threatens him, id. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:

    periculum est, ne,

    there is danger that, id. Tusc. 5, 40, 118; so id. Verr. 1, 11, 32: periculo meo, tuo, suo, at my, your, his risk:

    meo periculo,

    id. Sest. 52, 111:

    crede audacter meo periculo,

    Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 51:

    meo periculo rem gero,

    id. Bacch. 4, 4, 100; id. As. 2, 4, 51:

    des ei nummos fide et periculo meo,

    Dig. 46, 1, 24:

    navem sumptu periculoque suo armatam mittere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 20, § 50; id. Fl. 17, 41:

    rem periculi sui facere,

    to do a thing at one's own risk, Dig. 23, 5, 16: bono periculo, safely, without danger (post-class.), App. Mag. p. 320, 16.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    A trial, action, suit at law (class.):

    meus labor in privatorum periculis caste integreque versatus,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 2:

    aliquem in periculis defendere,

    Nep. Phoc. 2, 3.—
    b.
    A writ of judgment, a sentence:

    unum ab iis petivit, ut in periculo suo inscriberent, etc.,

    Nep. Ep. 8:

    pericula magistratuum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79, § 183.—
    c.
    A sickness, attack of sickness (post-Aug.):

    in acutis vero periculis nullis dandum est vinum,

    Plin. 23, 1, 24, § 48.—
    d.
    Ruin, destruction (postclass.):

    tremefactae nutant usque ad periculum civitates,

    Arn. 1, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > periculum

  • 10 expello

    expello, ĕre, puli, pulsum - tr. - [st1]1 [-] pousser hors de, repousser, chasser, bannir.    - classem in litora expellere: faire échouer la flotte.    - expellere ab littore naves in altum: faire prendre le large aux vaisseaux.    - expellere aliquem ex urbe (patriā, a patria): bannir qqn, exiler qqn.    - expellere aliquem civitate, Cic.: bannir qqn.    - expellere hostes finibus, Caes. BG. 4, 3: repousser l'ennemi du territoire.    - haec tanta virtus ex hac urbe expelletur? Cic.: repoussera-t-on de la ville un si grand mérite?    - expelli ex agris, Cic.: être chassé de ses champs.    - omnem dubitationem expellere, Caes.: dissiper toute hésitation.    - expulsa uxor, Cic.: épouse répudiée.    - expellere aliquem vitā, Cic.: ôter la vie à qqn.    - expelli aevo, Lucr. 3: être tué.    - sententia expulsa, Plin. Ep. 8: avis rejeté.    - beneficiorum memoriam expellere, Caes. BC. 1: faire perdre le souvenir des bienfaits.    - expellere se periculo, Plaut.: se soustraire au danger. [st1]2 [-] jeter, lancer.    - sagittam arcu expellere, Ov.: lancer une flèche. [st1]3 [-] mettre hors de, dégager.    - uvas expellito, Cato.: mets à découvert les grappes.    - me illo expuli periculo, Plaut. Bacch.: je me suis tiré du danger.
    * * *
    expello, ĕre, puli, pulsum - tr. - [st1]1 [-] pousser hors de, repousser, chasser, bannir.    - classem in litora expellere: faire échouer la flotte.    - expellere ab littore naves in altum: faire prendre le large aux vaisseaux.    - expellere aliquem ex urbe (patriā, a patria): bannir qqn, exiler qqn.    - expellere aliquem civitate, Cic.: bannir qqn.    - expellere hostes finibus, Caes. BG. 4, 3: repousser l'ennemi du territoire.    - haec tanta virtus ex hac urbe expelletur? Cic.: repoussera-t-on de la ville un si grand mérite?    - expelli ex agris, Cic.: être chassé de ses champs.    - omnem dubitationem expellere, Caes.: dissiper toute hésitation.    - expulsa uxor, Cic.: épouse répudiée.    - expellere aliquem vitā, Cic.: ôter la vie à qqn.    - expelli aevo, Lucr. 3: être tué.    - sententia expulsa, Plin. Ep. 8: avis rejeté.    - beneficiorum memoriam expellere, Caes. BC. 1: faire perdre le souvenir des bienfaits.    - expellere se periculo, Plaut.: se soustraire au danger. [st1]2 [-] jeter, lancer.    - sagittam arcu expellere, Ov.: lancer une flèche. [st1]3 [-] mettre hors de, dégager.    - uvas expellito, Cato.: mets à découvert les grappes.    - me illo expuli periculo, Plaut. Bacch.: je me suis tiré du danger.
    * * *
        Expello, expellis, expuli, pen. cor. expulsum, expellere. Jecter ou poulser hors par force ou violence.
    \
        Expellere in opus. Plin. Chasser à la besongne.
    \
        AEuo expelli. Lucret. Mourir.
    \
        Expellere bonis et fortunis omnibus. Cic. Priver de tous ses biens.
    \
        Ciuitate aliquem expellere. Cic. Chasser hors de la ville.
    \
        Per vulnera animam expellere. Ouid. Tuer.
    \
        Expellere e patrimonio. Cic. Priver de la succession de son pere.
    \
        Expellere aliquem regno. Caesar. Chasser.
    \
        Sagittas arcu expellere. Ouid. Descocher.
    \
        Expellere sententiam alicuius. Plin. iunior. Rejecter.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > expello

  • 11 pono

    pōno, ĕre, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum - tr. -    - posivi (arch.) = posui. [st1]1 [-] placer, établir, fixer, mettre, poser; disposer, arranger; instituer, établir.    - ponere artus in littore, Virg.: [mettre ses membres sur le rivage] = s'étendre sur le rivage.    - ponere ante oculos: placer sous les yeux.    - ponere gladium ad caput, Sen.: placer un glaive à son chevet.    - ponere caput suum periculo, Plaut.: exposer sa vie aux dangers, jouer sa tête.    - ponere se toro, Ov.: s'étendre sur un lit.    - ponere ova, Col.: pondre.    - ubi pedem poneret non habebat, Cic. Fin. 4: (la Sagesse) n'avait pas où s'arrêter.    - ponere aliquem principem, Nep.: placer qqn comme chef.    - te ipsum frustraberis si non me in eo principem posueris, Nep.: tu te nuiras à toi-même si tu ne me fais pas chef de l'entreprise.    - ponere leges: fixer des lois. [st1]2 [-] planter; ériger, dresser, bâtir, construire.    - ponere piros, Virg.: planter des poiriers.    - ponere semina, Virg.: semer.    - positus: bâti, placé, situé.    - Roma in montibus posita, Cic. Agr. 2: Rome bâtie sur des montagnes.    - Delos in Aegaeo mari posita, Cic.: Délos située dans la mer Egée.    - portus ex adverso urbi positus, Liv. 45, 5: port situé en face de la ville (de Rhodes).    - ponere statuam alicui, Phaedr.: élever une statue à qqn. [st1]3 [-] mettre au tombeau, enterrer.    - ponere terrā: ensevelir. [st1]4 [-] poser comme gage, proposer comme prix; au fig. risquer.    - ponere (pignus): faire une gageure, gager.    - pono pallium, Plaut.: je gage mon manteau.    - ponere vitam pigneri, Plaut.: donner sa vie en gage. [st1]5 [-] dresser (la table), mettre sur la table, servir.    - ponere mensam, Hor.: dresser la table.    - ita ponito, Cato.: sers ainsi.    - invitas ad aprum, ponis mihi porcum, Mart.: tu m'invites à manger du sanglier et tu me sers du porc.    - pone ad Trebium, Juv. 5: sers Trébius. [st1]6 [-] déposer, placer (de l'argent).    - ponere pecuniam in praedio, Cic.: placer son argent dans les terres. [st1]7 [-] au fig. employer, utiliser, appliquer, consacrer, passer (le temps).    - ponere totum diem, Cic.: passer la journée entière.    - ponere mensem in reditu, Cic.: mettre un mois à revenir.    - ponere omnem curam, Cic.: appliquer tous ses soins.    - quo ponam tempora modo? Ov.: comment dois-je employer mes loisirs? [st1]8 [-] mettre dans, mettre au nombre de, compter parmi, faire consister dans, faire dépendre de; au passif: dépendre de, reposer sur.    - ponere mortem in malis, Cic.: mettre la mort au nombre des maux.    - ponere aliquid in crimine, Cic.: regarder qqch comme un crime.    - ponere aliquid in gloriā, Liv.: regarder qqch comme un honneur.    - ponere aliquid in beneficii loco, Cic. Fam. 15: considérer qqch comme un bienfait.    - ponere in vitiis, Nep.: mettre au nombre des vices.    - positum esse in + abl.: consister en, dépendre de.    - in te positum est ut: il dépend de toi que. [st1]9 [-] mettre en avant, exposer, représenter; avancer, prétendre, soutenir, affirmer, poser une question, proposer un sujet.    - nunc hominem ponere, nunc deum, Hor.: représenter tantôt un homme, tantôt un dieu.    - Orphea in medio posuit, Virg.: au milieu, il avait représenté Orphée.    - ponere tabulam pictam, Plin.: représenter un tableau.    - ponere aliquid in certo: affirmer qqch comme certain    - caput periculo ponere, Plaut.: exposer sa vie au danger. [st1]10 [-] supposer, admettre.    - ponere vitae brevis signa raros dentes, Plin.: poser en principe que la rareté des dents présage une vie courte. [st1]11 [-] poser, déposer, mettre bas, mettre à l'écart, abandonner, quitter, laisser, laisser de côté, renoncer à.    - ponere arma (= deponere arma): déposer les armes.    - testamenti tabulas in aerario ponere, Caes.: déposer aux archives le texte d'un testament.    - ponere tunicam: quitter la tunique.    - vitam propera ponere, Plaut. Curc.: prépare-toi à quitter la vie.    - ponere vitia, Cic. de Or. 3: se corriger de ses défauts.    - ponere dolorem, Cic. Tusc. 3: laisser la douleur.    - ut omnem pro me metum ponas, Plin. Ep. 5, 6: pour te délivrer de toute crainte à mon sujet.    - pone moras et studium lucri, Hor. C. 4: ne tarde pas et ne recherche aucun intérêt. [st1]12 [-] absol. - cesser, se reposer; tomber, se calmer (en parl. du vent).    - quum fera ponit hiems, Stat.: quand cesse le rude hiver.    - zephyri posuere, Virg.: les vents ont cessé de souffler.
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    pōno, ĕre, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum - tr. -    - posivi (arch.) = posui. [st1]1 [-] placer, établir, fixer, mettre, poser; disposer, arranger; instituer, établir.    - ponere artus in littore, Virg.: [mettre ses membres sur le rivage] = s'étendre sur le rivage.    - ponere ante oculos: placer sous les yeux.    - ponere gladium ad caput, Sen.: placer un glaive à son chevet.    - ponere caput suum periculo, Plaut.: exposer sa vie aux dangers, jouer sa tête.    - ponere se toro, Ov.: s'étendre sur un lit.    - ponere ova, Col.: pondre.    - ubi pedem poneret non habebat, Cic. Fin. 4: (la Sagesse) n'avait pas où s'arrêter.    - ponere aliquem principem, Nep.: placer qqn comme chef.    - te ipsum frustraberis si non me in eo principem posueris, Nep.: tu te nuiras à toi-même si tu ne me fais pas chef de l'entreprise.    - ponere leges: fixer des lois. [st1]2 [-] planter; ériger, dresser, bâtir, construire.    - ponere piros, Virg.: planter des poiriers.    - ponere semina, Virg.: semer.    - positus: bâti, placé, situé.    - Roma in montibus posita, Cic. Agr. 2: Rome bâtie sur des montagnes.    - Delos in Aegaeo mari posita, Cic.: Délos située dans la mer Egée.    - portus ex adverso urbi positus, Liv. 45, 5: port situé en face de la ville (de Rhodes).    - ponere statuam alicui, Phaedr.: élever une statue à qqn. [st1]3 [-] mettre au tombeau, enterrer.    - ponere terrā: ensevelir. [st1]4 [-] poser comme gage, proposer comme prix; au fig. risquer.    - ponere (pignus): faire une gageure, gager.    - pono pallium, Plaut.: je gage mon manteau.    - ponere vitam pigneri, Plaut.: donner sa vie en gage. [st1]5 [-] dresser (la table), mettre sur la table, servir.    - ponere mensam, Hor.: dresser la table.    - ita ponito, Cato.: sers ainsi.    - invitas ad aprum, ponis mihi porcum, Mart.: tu m'invites à manger du sanglier et tu me sers du porc.    - pone ad Trebium, Juv. 5: sers Trébius. [st1]6 [-] déposer, placer (de l'argent).    - ponere pecuniam in praedio, Cic.: placer son argent dans les terres. [st1]7 [-] au fig. employer, utiliser, appliquer, consacrer, passer (le temps).    - ponere totum diem, Cic.: passer la journée entière.    - ponere mensem in reditu, Cic.: mettre un mois à revenir.    - ponere omnem curam, Cic.: appliquer tous ses soins.    - quo ponam tempora modo? Ov.: comment dois-je employer mes loisirs? [st1]8 [-] mettre dans, mettre au nombre de, compter parmi, faire consister dans, faire dépendre de; au passif: dépendre de, reposer sur.    - ponere mortem in malis, Cic.: mettre la mort au nombre des maux.    - ponere aliquid in crimine, Cic.: regarder qqch comme un crime.    - ponere aliquid in gloriā, Liv.: regarder qqch comme un honneur.    - ponere aliquid in beneficii loco, Cic. Fam. 15: considérer qqch comme un bienfait.    - ponere in vitiis, Nep.: mettre au nombre des vices.    - positum esse in + abl.: consister en, dépendre de.    - in te positum est ut: il dépend de toi que. [st1]9 [-] mettre en avant, exposer, représenter; avancer, prétendre, soutenir, affirmer, poser une question, proposer un sujet.    - nunc hominem ponere, nunc deum, Hor.: représenter tantôt un homme, tantôt un dieu.    - Orphea in medio posuit, Virg.: au milieu, il avait représenté Orphée.    - ponere tabulam pictam, Plin.: représenter un tableau.    - ponere aliquid in certo: affirmer qqch comme certain    - caput periculo ponere, Plaut.: exposer sa vie au danger. [st1]10 [-] supposer, admettre.    - ponere vitae brevis signa raros dentes, Plin.: poser en principe que la rareté des dents présage une vie courte. [st1]11 [-] poser, déposer, mettre bas, mettre à l'écart, abandonner, quitter, laisser, laisser de côté, renoncer à.    - ponere arma (= deponere arma): déposer les armes.    - testamenti tabulas in aerario ponere, Caes.: déposer aux archives le texte d'un testament.    - ponere tunicam: quitter la tunique.    - vitam propera ponere, Plaut. Curc.: prépare-toi à quitter la vie.    - ponere vitia, Cic. de Or. 3: se corriger de ses défauts.    - ponere dolorem, Cic. Tusc. 3: laisser la douleur.    - ut omnem pro me metum ponas, Plin. Ep. 5, 6: pour te délivrer de toute crainte à mon sujet.    - pone moras et studium lucri, Hor. C. 4: ne tarde pas et ne recherche aucun intérêt. [st1]12 [-] absol. - cesser, se reposer; tomber, se calmer (en parl. du vent).    - quum fera ponit hiems, Stat.: quand cesse le rude hiver.    - zephyri posuere, Virg.: les vents ont cessé de souffler.
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        Pono, ponis, posui, positum, pen. corr. ponere. Mettre, Poser.
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        Accusatorem ponere. Caelius ad Ciceronem. Suborner un accusateur pour deferer aucun.
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        Ponere ante oculos rem aliquam. Plin. La ramentevoir, La mettre au devant, Reduire à memoire, Mettre devant les yeulx.
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        Ponere in admirandis. Plinius. Raconter entre les choses merveilleuses.
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        Ponere aliquid in admiratione. Plin. S'esmerveiller de quelque chose.
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        Ponere in aequalitate. Cic. Estimer egualement autant l'un que l'autre.
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        Ponere aliquem in aequo duobus summis. Liuius. L'estimer autant que les deux plus grands.
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        Positus extra omnem ingenit aleam Cicero. Plin. Qui n'ha point son pareil.
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        Amplitudo ac dignitas omnis in virtute posita est. Cic. Gist, Consiste en vertu.
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        Animum, curam, cogitationemque suam in omnium laude vndique colligenda ponere. Cic. Mettre, Employer.
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        Aras ponere. Virgil. Edifier.
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        Posita in auribus omnium virtus alicuius. Cic. De laquelle tout le monde a ouy parler.
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        Beneficium apud aliquem bene ponere. Cic. Faire plaisir à un homme qui le vault, et le recongnoistra, et scaura bien rendre.
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        Caput ponere. Virgil. Reposer, ou mettre la teste sur le chevet, ou autre chose pour dormir.
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        Carinas ponere. Curt. Edifier, Bastir.
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        Castella ponere. Caes. Edifier et bastir.
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        Castra ponere. Caes. Asseoir le camp.
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        Velocis iaculi certamina ponit in vlmo. Virgil. Il attache au sommet d'un orme une longue perche, ayant au bout un gay ou papegau de bois, auquel les archiers tirent de fleiches pour gaigner le pris.
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        Ponere pro certo sum veritus. Liu. Je ne l'ay osé escrire asseureement, et pour certain, ne asseurer.
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        Ceruicem inflexam ponere. Virg. Cliner la teste pour dormir.
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        Posita in coniectura. Cic. Choses desquelles on peult faire quelque conjecture.
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        Consilium in fortuna positum. Cic. Gist au vouloir de fortune, C'est à fortune d'en disposer.
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        Ponere in contentione rem aliquam. Cic. La mettre en debat.
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        - vereor, ne isthaec pollicitatio Te in crimen populo ponat, atque infamiam. Plaut. Que cela ne t'engendre un grand blasme et diffame envers le peuple.
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        In nefario crimine, atque fraude capitali aliquid alicui ponere. Cic. Luy imputer à crime, etc.
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        In culpa sunt ac suspicione ponendi. Cic. Ils doibvent estre blasmez et souspeconnez.
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        Extra omnem culpam, causamque se ponere. Cic. Soy exempter de quelque blasme.
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        Curam in re aliqua ponere. Cic. En avoir cure et soing.
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        Custodes et limina ponere alicui. Propert. L'enfermer et luy bailler des gardes.
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        Custos in frumento publico est positus. Cic. On luy a baillé la charge de, etc.
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        Dies multos ponere in rem aliquam. Cic. Employer beaucoup de temps en quelque chose.
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        Haud in magno ponam discrimine. Liu. Je ne m'en soulcieray pas beaucoup, si on le croit, ou si on ne le croit pas.
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        Domos ponere sub terris. Virgil. Faire et bastir.
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        In dubio ponere. Liuius. Revoquer en doubte, Doubter de quelque chose.
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        Epulas ponere. Ouid. Mettre viandes sur table.
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        Exemplum ponere. Cic. Alleguer un exemple, Raconter.
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        Ponam in extremo, quod sentio. Cic. J'escriray à la fin de ma lettre ce que, etc.
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        Fidem pignori ponere pro aliquo. Plautus. Obliger sa foy pour aultruy.
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        Foedera sunt poneda prius. Propert. Il fault faire les alliances.
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        Formidinem improbis ponere. Cic. Leur bailler crainte.
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        Maiorem fructum ponere in perpetuitate laudis, quam in celeritate Praeturae. Cic. Estimer estre plus prouffitable.
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        Fundamenta ponere. Cic. Faire les fondements.
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        Positi in extremis et vltimis gentibus. Cic. Situez.
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        Suppliciter posito procubuere genu. Oui. Ils s'agenouillerent.
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        Ponere in gloria. Plinius. Estimer gloire et louange, Tourner à gloire.
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        Non equidem in gloria posuerim. Plin. Je n'estime pas cela gloire.
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        Qui ciuitatis incommodum in gloriam suam ponit. Sallustius. Qui se loue et glorifie d'avoir faict incommodité à la Republique.
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        Ponere aliquem in gratia, vel gratiam apud alterum. Cic. Mettre en grace.
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        Posita in oculis gratia. Cicero. Un plaisir faict en presence de touts.
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        Initia male ponere. Cic. Mal commencer.
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        Latus saxo ponere. Valer. Flac. Se coucher sur une roche.
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        Neque ego hoc in tua laude pono: alia sunt tua facta, atque consilia summa laude digna. Cic. Je ne compte pas cela parmi tes louanges.
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        Ponere in aequa, vel pari laude. Cic. Estimer autant l'un que l'autre. \ Leges ponere. Horat. Faire des loix.
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        Ponere in legibus. Cato. Escrire parmi les loix.
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        Ciuis hostis loco ponitur. Cic. Est reputé et tenu pour ennemi.
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        Ponere loco contumeliae, vel criminis aliquid alteri. Cic. Luy dire quelque chose par reproche, Luy reprocher quelque chose en lieu d'oultrage.
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        Ponere in beneficii loco. Cic. Estimer et tenir à grand plaisir.
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        Ponere in manu alicuius. Liu. En sa puissance.
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        Haec quae in medio posita sunt, commemoro: sunt alia magis occulta furta, quae ille, etc. Cic. Manifestes, et que chascun congnoist.
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        Merum ponere in gemma. Ouid. Verser du vin en un vaisseau de pierre precieuse.
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        Ponere aliquid in metu. Cic. Craindre.
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        Erat tuae virtutis, in minimis tuas res ponere, de Repub. vehementius laborare. Cic. Ne te chaloir pas tant de tes affaires, N'en tenir pas si grand compte, N'en estre point si songneux.
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        Positum in more et instituto maiorum. Cic. C'est une chose accoustumee de toute ancienneté.
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        Mortem in malis ponere. Cicero. La compter entre les mauvaises choses.
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        Quoniam tantum in ea arte ponitis. Cic. Vous vous fiez tant en cest art.
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        Ponere multum in fortuna. Cic. Estimer beaucoup de fortune, S'y fier fort.
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        Ponere multum in fide alicuius. Cic. Se fier fort en aucun, Estimer beaucoup de sa fidelité.
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        Munus bene positum. Liu. Un present et don faict à homme qui en estoit digne, et qui le recongnoistra.
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        Niues positae. Horat. Tombees sur terre et assises.
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        Nomina rebus ponere. Cic. Bailler nom, Imposer nom.
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        De rebus ante oculos positis disputare. Cic. Des choses cleres et manifestes, Où il n'y a nulle doubte.
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        Quod erat ante oculos positum. Cic. Dont il ne povoit estre aucun doubte, De quoy on ne povoit doubter.
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        Ante oculos ponere sibi. Ouid. Se mettre quelque chose devant les yeulx, Y penser et la considerer.
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        Operam ponere. Plaut. Mettre et employer sa peine en quelque chose.
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        Bene opera posita. Cic. Peine bien employee.
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        Ponere operam alicui. Cic. Entendre à son affaire.
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        Opus aliquod ponere. Horat. Faire.
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        Orationem longam in aliqua re ponere. Cic. Employer.
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        Ponere in ordinem. Varro. Mettre en ordre.
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        Otia recte ponere. Horat. Ordonner, Disposer.
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        Oua ponere dicitur gallina. Colum. Pondre.
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        Pecuniam in aliquo oppido ponere. Cic. L'amasser et serrer.
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        Pecuniam ponere. Horat. Bailler à usure et interest.
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        Gruibus pedicas, et ponere retia ceruis. Virgil. Tendre aux grues, etc.
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        Si in fundo pedem posuisses. Cic. Si tu eusses mis le pied et entré.
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        Poni post aliquem. Ouid. Estre postposé à luy, et moins estimé.
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        Homines eo animo, vt quaecunque dicendi potestas esset data, in honore atque in beneficio ponerent. Cic. Qui estoyent de telle sorte, que quelque cause qu'on leur apportast à plaider, s'en tenoyent bien fiers et bien prisez.
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        Principem aliquem ponere. Cic. L'estimer le plus grand entre autres.
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        Ponere in promptu, et Contegere siue abdere, contraria. Cic. Descouvrir, et mettre devant touts.
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        Retia ponere. Ouid. Tendre des rets.
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        Rudimenta virtutis ponere sub aliquo. Quintil. Faire son apprentissage, Apprendre soubs aucun à estre vertueux.
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        Omnem rationem salutis in pecunia ponere. Cic. Mettre tout son salut en l'argent.
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        Quum se, siquid postea fraudis aut vitii euenisset, extra omnem culpam, causamque posuisset. Cic. Apres s'estre exempté du danger de povoir estre reprins s'il en advenoit par apres aucune faulte.
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        Se totum in re aliqua ponere. Cic. S'y mettre du tout.
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        Toro se ponere. Ouid. Se coucher.
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        Semina ponere humo. Propert. Semer.
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        Sententiam suam ponere. Quintil. Escrire et mettre son opinion.
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        In solem ponere. Cato. Mettre au soleil.
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        Neque spem ponas me bonae frugi fore. Plautus. N'espere point que, etc.
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        Ponere sibi aliquid in spe optima. Cic. Esperer fort bien de quelque chose, L'interpreter en bonne partie.
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        Studium suum et officium apud aliquem bene ponere. Cic. Ne perdre pas sa peine à faire plaisir à aucun.
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        Tantum studium in eo ponendum non arbitrantur. Cic. Qu'on y doyve employer si grande peine, et y tant travailler.
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        Ponere summum bonum in virtute. Cic. Estimer vertu estre le souverain bien.
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        Sumptus nusquam melius potest poni. Cic. On ne scauroit mieulx employer son argent qu'en cela.
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        Templa, statuas ponere alicui. Virgil. Eslever et dresser, Edifier.
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        Tempus et diem ponere. Ouid. Employer son temps.
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        Ponere multum temporis in aliquo loco. Cic. Y demourer longuement.
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        Ponere aliquid in transuersum. Plin. Mettre de travers.
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        Tyrocinium ponere. Liu. Faire son chef d'oeuvre.
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        Venenum ponere alicui cum cibo. Liu. L'empoisonner.
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        Hoc verbum in quo homine ponimus? Cic. A quel personnage donnons nous ce tiltre?
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        Ponere verba alicuius in re aliqua. Plin. Mettre la teneur de ses parolles, et les transcrire de mot à mot.
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        Vbicunque posuit vestigia. Cic. Par tout où il est passé.
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        Vitam ponere in administratione Reip. Cic. Exposer sa vie.
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        Vitem ponere. Colum. Planter.
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        Ponere in vitio dictionem aliquam. Cic. L'entendre en maulvaise partie, La tourner en mal.
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        In vltimis ponere. Plin. Estimer des moindres.
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        Vrbem ponere. Ouid. Edifier.
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        In vsu positum. Cic. Dequoy on se sert.
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        Positus extra vulgarem vsum. Quintil. Dequoy on n'use point communeement.
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        Ponere iubebam de quo quis audire vellet. Cic. Proposer et mettre en avant.
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        Quum venti posuere, omnisque repente resedit Flatus. Virgil. Cesserent.
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        Ponunt ferocia corda. Virgil. Delaissent leur felon courage, ou S'addoulcissent.
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        Ponere de manibus. Cic. Oster de ses mains et mettre en quelque lieu.
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        Ambages ponere. Ouid. Venir au poinct.
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        Feroces animos ponere. Liu. Delaisser son felon courage.
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        Arma poni iubet, fatentes se victos. Liu. Mettre jus.
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        Armis positis substitit pars vtraque. Oui. Les armes mises jus.
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        Barbam ponere. Sueton. Faire couper sa barbe.
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        Ponere caput. Horat. Baisser, Encliner.
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        Consilium ponere. Plin. iunior. Delaisser son entreprinse.
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        Coronam ponere, luctus gratia. Cic. Desmettre, Mettre jus.
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        Curam ponere. Liu. Mettre hors toute crainte et soulci.
    \
        Dolorem ponere. Cic. Delaisser sa douleur et tristesse.
    \
        Seras posuit quum vinea frondes. Virgil. Quand les fueilles des vignes son cheutes.
    \
        Imperium ponere. Martial. Se desmettre de, etc.
    \
        Inuidiam ponere. Cic. Laisser son envie.
    \
        Metum ponere. Plin. iunior. Delaisser crainte.
    \
        Minas ponit mare. Lucret. La mer s'appaise.
    \
        Onus vteri positum est. Ouid. Elle a enfanté.
    \
        Quum perfricuit frontem, posuitque pudorem. Martial. S'est eshonté.
    \
        Spem ponere. Ouid. Perdre toute esperance.
    \
        Tunicam ponere. Cic. Mettre jus.
    \
        Virginitas posita. Ouid. Perdue.
    \
        Vitam ponere. Propert. Mourir.
    \
        Vitia ponere. Cic. Delaisser vices.
    \
        Ponis mihi porcum. Martial. Tu me sers de porceau sur table.
    \
        Ponere freta. Horat. Appaiser et faire cesser la tormente de mer.
    \
        Solers nunc hominem ponere, nunc Deum. Horat. Tu peins maintenant un homme, etc.
    \
        Ponere pallium, aut aliquid aliud. Plaut. Mettre en gage.
    \
        Pone eum esse victum. Terentius. Prends le cas qu'il soit vaincu, Pose le cas, etc.
    \
        Ponunt philosophi. Plin. Ils escrivent que, etc.
    \
        Sed primum positum sit, nosmetipsos commendatos esse nobis. Cic. Tenons pour arresté.
    \
        Est enim totum positum in te. Cic. Il est en toy que la chose se face, ou non, Tout gist en toy.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > pono

  • 12 bellum

    bellum (ante-class. and poet. duel-lum), i, n. [Sanscr. dva, dvi, dus; cf. Germ. zwei; Engl. two, twice; for the change from initial du- to b-, cf. bis for duis, and v. the letter B, and Varr. L. L. 5, § 73 Mull.; 7, § 49 ib.], war.
    I.
    Form duellum: duellum, bellum, videlicet quod duabus partibus de victoria contendentibus dimicatur. Inde est perduellis, qui pertinaciter retinet bellum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 66, 17 Mull.:

    bellum antea duellum vocatum eo quod duae sunt dimicantium partes... Postea mutata littera dictum bellum,

    Isid. Orig. 18, 1, 9: hos pestis necuit, pars occidit illa duellis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 9, 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.):

    legiones reveniunt domum Exstincto duello maximo atque internecatis hostibus,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 35:

    quae domi duellique male fecisti,

    id. As. 3, 2, 13.—So in archaic style, or in citations from ancient documents:

    quique agent rem duelli,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21:

    aes atque ferrum, duelli instrumenta,

    id. ib. 2, 18, 45 (translated from the Platonic laws):

    puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo,

    Liv. 1, 32, 12 (quoted from ancient transactions); so,

    quod duellum populo Romano cum Carthaginiensi est,

    id. 22, 10, 2:

    victoriaque duelli populi Romani erit,

    id. 23, 11, 2:

    si duellum quod cum rege Antiocho sumi populus jussit,

    id. 36, 2, 2;

    and from an ancient inscription' duello magno dirimendo, etc.,

    id. 40, 52, 5.— Poet.:

    hic... Pacem duello miscuit,

    Hor. C. 3, 5, 38:

    cadum Marsi memorem duelli,

    id. ib. 3, 14, 18:

    vacuum duellis Janum Quirini clausit,

    id. ib. 4, 15, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 2, 7; 2, 1, 254; 2, 2, 98; Ov. F. 6, 201; Juv. 1, 169— [p. 227]
    II.
    Form bellum.
    A.
    War, warfare (abstr.), or a war, the war (concr.), i.e. hostilities between two nations (cf. tumultus).
    1.
    Specifying the enemy.
    a.
    By adjj. denoting the nation:

    omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:

    aliquot annis ante secundum Punicum bellum,

    id. Ac. 2, 5, 13:

    Britannicum bellum,

    id. Att. 4, 16, 13:

    Gallicum,

    id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:

    Germanicum,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 28:

    Sabinum,

    Liv. 1, 26, 4:

    Parthicum,

    Vell. 2, 46, 2;

    similarly: bellum piraticum,

    the war against the pirates, Vell. 2, 33, 1.—Sometimes the adj. refers to the leader or king of the enemy:

    Sertorianum bellum,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:

    Mithridaticum,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:

    Jugurthinum,

    Hor. Epod. 9, 23; Vell. 2, 11, 1;

    similarly: bellum regium,

    the war against kings, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50. —Or it refers to the theatre of the war:

    bellum Africanum, Transalpinum,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:

    Asiaticum,

    id. ib. 22, 64:

    Africum,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 32 fin.:

    Actiacum,

    Vell. 2, 86, 3:

    Hispaniense,

    id. 2, 55, 2.—
    b.
    With gen. of the name of the nation or its leader: bellum Latinorum, the Latin war, i. e. against the Latins, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:

    Venetorum,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 16:

    Helvetiorum,

    id. ib. 1, 40 fin.;

    1, 30: Ambiorigis,

    id. ib. 6, 29, 4:

    Pyrrhi, Philippi,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 7, 17:

    Samnitium,

    Liv. 7, 29, 2.—
    c.
    With cum and abl. of the name.
    (α).
    Attributively:

    cum Jugurtha, cum Cimbris, cum Teutonis bellum,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:

    belli causa cum Samnitibus,

    Liv. 7, 29, 3:

    hunc finem bellum cum Philippo habuit,

    id. 33, 35, 12:

    novum cum Antiocho instabat bellum,

    id. 36, 36, 7; cf. id. 35, 40, 1; 38, 58, 8; 39, 1, 8; 44, 14, 7.—
    (β).
    With cum dependent on the verb:

    quia bellum Aetolis esse dixi cum Aliis,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 59:

    novi consules... duo bella habuere... alterum cum Tiburtibus,

    Liv. 7, 17, 2; esp. with gero, v. 2. b. a infra.—
    d.
    With adversus and acc. of the name.
    (α).
    Attributively:

    bellum adversus Philippum,

    Liv. 31, 1, 8:

    bellum populus adversus Vestinos jussit,

    id. 8, 29, 6.—
    (β).
    With adversus dependent on the verb: quod homines populi Hermunduli adversus populum Romanum bellum fecere, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1: nos pro vobis bellum suscepimus adversus Philippum. Liv. 31, 31, 18:

    ut multo acrius adversus duos quam adversus unum pararet bellum,

    id. 45, 11, 8:

    bellum quod rex adversus Datamem susceperat,

    Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—
    e.
    With contra and acc.:

    cum bellum nefarium contra aras et focos, contra vitam fortunasque nostras... non comparari, sed geri jam viderem,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:

    causam belli contra patriam inferendi,

    id. ib. 2, 22, 53.—
    f.
    With in and acc. (very rare):

    Athenienses in Peloponnesios sexto et vicesimo anno bellum gerentes,

    Nep. Lys. 1, 1.—
    g.
    With inter and acc.:

    hic finis belli inter Romanos ac Persea fuit,

    Liv. 45, 9, 2.—
    h.
    With apud and acc.:

    secutum est bellum gestum apud Mutinam,

    Nep. Att. 9, 1.—
    k.
    With dat. of the enemy after inferre and facere, v. 2. a. k infra.—
    2.
    With verbs.
    a.
    Referring to the beginning of the war.
    (α).
    Bellum movere or commovere, to bring about, stir up a war:

    summa erat observatio in bello movendo,

    Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37:

    bellum commotum a Scapula,

    id. Fam. 9, 13, 1:

    nuntiabant alii... in Apulia servile bellum moveri,

    Sall. C. 30, 2:

    is primum Volscis bellum in ducentos amplius... annos movit,

    Liv. 1, 53, 2:

    insequenti anno Veiens bellum motum,

    id. 4, 58, 6:

    dii pium movere bellum,

    id. 8, 6, 4; cf. Verg. A. 10, 627; id. G. 1, 509; so,

    concitare,

    Liv. 7, 27, 5; and ciere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 541; 6, 829; 12, 158.—
    (β).
    Bellum parare, comparare, apparare, or se praeparare bello, to prepare a war, or for a war:

    cum tam pestiferum bellum pararet,

    Cic. Att. 9, 13, 3:

    bellum utrimque summopere parabatur,

    Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 45, 11, 8 (v. II. A. 1. d. b supra); Nep. Hann. 2, 6; Quint. 12, 3, 5; Ov. M. 7, 456; so,

    parare alicui,

    Nep. Alcib. 9, 5:

    bellum terra et mari comparat,

    Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3:

    tantum bellum... Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 3, 5:

    bellum omnium consensu apparari coeptum,

    Liv. 4, 55, 7:

    numquam imperator ita paci credit, ut non se praeparet bello,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 2.—
    (γ).
    Bellum differre, to postpone a war:

    nec jam poterat bellum differri,

    Liv. 2, 30, 7:

    mors Hamilcaris et pueritia Hannibalis distulerunt bellum,

    id. 21, 2, 3; cf. id. 5, 5, 3.—
    (δ).
    Bellum sumere, to undertake, begin a war (not in Caesar):

    omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrume desinere,

    Sall. J. 83, 1:

    prius tamen omnia pati decrevit quam bellum sumere,

    id. ib. 20, 5:

    de integro bellum sumit,

    id. ib. 62, 9:

    iis haec maxima ratio belli sumendi fuerat,

    Liv. 38, 19, 3:

    sumi bellum etiam ab ignavis, strenuissimi cujusque periculo geri,

    Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. id. A. 2, 45; 13, 34; 15, 5; 15, 7; id. Agr. 16.—
    (ε).
    Bellum suscipere (rarely inire), to undertake, commence a war, join in a war:

    bellum ita suscipiatur ut nihil nisi pax quaesita videatur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80:

    suscipienda quidem bella sunt ob eam causam ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 11, 35:

    judicavit a plerisque ignoratione... bellum esse susceptum,

    join, id. Marcell. 5, 13; id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35 (v. supra):

    cum avertisset plebem a suscipiendo bello,

    undertaking, Liv. 4, 58, 14:

    senatui cum Camillo agi placuit ut bellum Etruscum susciperet,

    id. 6, 9, 5:

    bella non causis inita, sed ut eorum merces fuit,

    Vell. 2, 3, 3.—
    (ζ).
    Bellum consentire = bellum consensu decernere, to decree a war by agreement, to ratify a declaration of war (rare):

    consensit et senatus bellum,

    Liv. 8, 6, 8:

    bellum erat consensum,

    id. 1, 32, 12.—
    (η).
    Bellum alicui mandare, committere, decernere, dare, gerendum dare, ad aliquem deferre, or aliquem bello praeficere, praeponere, to assign a war to one as a commander, to give one the chief command in a war:

    sed ne tum quidem populus Romanus ad privatum detulit bellum,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:

    populus Romanus consuli... bellum gerendum dedit,

    id. ib.:

    cur non... eidem... hoc quoque bellum regium committamus?

    id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:

    Camillus cui id bellum mandatum erat,

    Liv. 5, 26, 3:

    Volscum bellum M. Furio extra ordinem decretum,

    id. 6, 22, 6:

    Gallicum bellum Popilio extra ordinem datum,

    id. 7, 23, 2:

    quo die a vobis maritimo bello praepositus est imperator,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 44:

    cum ei (bello) imperatorem praeficere possitis, in quo sit eximia belli scientia,

    id. ib. 16, 49:

    hunc toti bello praefecerunt,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:

    alicui bellum suscipiendum dare,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:

    bellum administrandum permittere,

    id. ib. 21, 61.—
    (θ).
    Bellum indicere alicui, to declare war against (the regular expression; coupled with facere in the ancient formula of the pater patratus), also bellum denuntiare: ob eam rem ego... populo Hermundulo... bellum (in)dico facioque, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1:

    ob eam rem ego populusque Romanus populis... Latinis bellum indico facioque,

    Liv. 1, 32, 13:

    Corinthiis bellum indicamus an non?

    Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:

    ex quo intellegi potest, nullum bellum esse justum nisi quod aut rebus repetitis geratur, aut denuntiatum ante sit et indictum,

    id. Off. 1, 11, 36; id. Rep. 3, 23, 35:

    bellum indici posse existimabat,

    Liv. 1, 22, 4:

    ni reddantur (res) bellum indicere jussos,

    id. 1, 22, 6:

    ut... nec gererentur solum sed etiam indicerentur bella aliquo ritu, jus... descripsit quo res repetuntur,

    id. 1, 32, 5; cf. id. 1, 32, 9; 2, 18, 11; 2, 38, 5; Verg. A. 7, 616.—
    (κ).
    Bellum inferre alicui (cf. contra aliquem, 1. e. supra; also bellum facere; absol., with dat., or with cum and abl.), to begin a war against ( with), to make war on:

    Denseletis nefarium bellum intulisti,

    Cic. Pis. 34, 84:

    ei civitati bellum indici atque inferri solere,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:

    qui sibi Galliaeque bellum intulissent,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Nep. Them. 2, 4; Verg. A. 3, 248:

    bellumne populo Romano Lampsacena civitas facere conabatur?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:

    bellum patriae faciet,

    id. Mil. 23, 63; id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:

    civitatem Eburonum populo Romano bellum facere ausam,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 28; cf. id. ib. 7, 2;

    3, 29: constituit bellum facere,

    Sall. C. 26, 5; 24, 2:

    occupant bellum facere,

    they are the first to begin the war, Liv. 1, 14, 4:

    ut bellum cum Priscis Latinis fieret,

    id. 1, 32, 13:

    populus Palaepolitanis bellum fieri jussit,

    id. 8, 22, 8; cf. Nep. Dion, 4, 3; id. Ages. 2, 1.— Coupled with instruere, to sustain a war:

    urbs quae bellum facere atque instruere possit,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 77.—Bellum facere had become obsolete at Seneca's time, Sen. Ep. 114, 17.—
    (λ).
    Bellum oritur or exoritur, a war begins:

    subito bellum in Gallia ex, ortum est,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 7:

    aliud multo propius bellum ortum,

    Liv. 1, 14, 4:

    Veiens bellum exortum,

    id. 2, 53, 1.—

    bellum

    (ante-class. and poet.

    duel-lum

    ), i, n. [Sanscr. dva, dvi, dus; cf. Germ. zwei; Engl. two, twice; for the change from initial du- to b-, cf. bis for duis, and v. the letter B, and Varr. L. L. 5, § 73 Mull.; 7, § 49 ib.], war.
    I.
    Form duellum: duellum, bellum, videlicet quod duabus partibus de victoria contendentibus dimicatur. Inde est perduellis, qui pertinaciter retinet bellum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 66, 17 Mull.:

    bellum antea duellum vocatum eo quod duae sunt dimicantium partes... Postea mutata littera dictum bellum,

    Isid. Orig. 18, 1, 9: hos pestis necuit, pars occidit illa duellis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 9, 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.):

    legiones reveniunt domum Exstincto duello maximo atque internecatis hostibus,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 35:

    quae domi duellique male fecisti,

    id. As. 3, 2, 13.—So in archaic style, or in citations from ancient documents:

    quique agent rem duelli,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21:

    aes atque ferrum, duelli instrumenta,

    id. ib. 2, 18, 45 (translated from the Platonic laws):

    puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo,

    Liv. 1, 32, 12 (quoted from ancient transactions); so,

    quod duellum populo Romano cum Carthaginiensi est,

    id. 22, 10, 2:

    victoriaque duelli populi Romani erit,

    id. 23, 11, 2:

    si duellum quod cum rege Antiocho sumi populus jussit,

    id. 36, 2, 2;

    and from an ancient inscription' duello magno dirimendo, etc.,

    id. 40, 52, 5.— Poet.:

    hic... Pacem duello miscuit,

    Hor. C. 3, 5, 38:

    cadum Marsi memorem duelli,

    id. ib. 3, 14, 18:

    vacuum duellis Janum Quirini clausit,

    id. ib. 4, 15, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 2, 7; 2, 1, 254; 2, 2, 98; Ov. F. 6, 201; Juv. 1, 169— [p. 227]
    II.
    Form bellum.
    A.
    War, warfare (abstr.), or a war, the war (concr.), i.e. hostilities between two nations (cf. tumultus).
    1.
    Specifying the enemy.
    a.
    By adjj. denoting the nation:

    omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:

    aliquot annis ante secundum Punicum bellum,

    id. Ac. 2, 5, 13:

    Britannicum bellum,

    id. Att. 4, 16, 13:

    Gallicum,

    id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:

    Germanicum,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 28:

    Sabinum,

    Liv. 1, 26, 4:

    Parthicum,

    Vell. 2, 46, 2;

    similarly: bellum piraticum,

    the war against the pirates, Vell. 2, 33, 1.—Sometimes the adj. refers to the leader or king of the enemy:

    Sertorianum bellum,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:

    Mithridaticum,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:

    Jugurthinum,

    Hor. Epod. 9, 23; Vell. 2, 11, 1;

    similarly: bellum regium,

    the war against kings, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50. —Or it refers to the theatre of the war:

    bellum Africanum, Transalpinum,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:

    Asiaticum,

    id. ib. 22, 64:

    Africum,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 32 fin.:

    Actiacum,

    Vell. 2, 86, 3:

    Hispaniense,

    id. 2, 55, 2.—
    b.
    With gen. of the name of the nation or its leader: bellum Latinorum, the Latin war, i. e. against the Latins, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:

    Venetorum,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 16:

    Helvetiorum,

    id. ib. 1, 40 fin.;

    1, 30: Ambiorigis,

    id. ib. 6, 29, 4:

    Pyrrhi, Philippi,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 7, 17:

    Samnitium,

    Liv. 7, 29, 2.—
    c.
    With cum and abl. of the name.
    (α).
    Attributively:

    cum Jugurtha, cum Cimbris, cum Teutonis bellum,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:

    belli causa cum Samnitibus,

    Liv. 7, 29, 3:

    hunc finem bellum cum Philippo habuit,

    id. 33, 35, 12:

    novum cum Antiocho instabat bellum,

    id. 36, 36, 7; cf. id. 35, 40, 1; 38, 58, 8; 39, 1, 8; 44, 14, 7.—
    (β).
    With cum dependent on the verb:

    quia bellum Aetolis esse dixi cum Aliis,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 59:

    novi consules... duo bella habuere... alterum cum Tiburtibus,

    Liv. 7, 17, 2; esp. with gero, v. 2. b. a infra.—
    d.
    With adversus and acc. of the name.
    (α).
    Attributively:

    bellum adversus Philippum,

    Liv. 31, 1, 8:

    bellum populus adversus Vestinos jussit,

    id. 8, 29, 6.—
    (β).
    With adversus dependent on the verb: quod homines populi Hermunduli adversus populum Romanum bellum fecere, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1: nos pro vobis bellum suscepimus adversus Philippum. Liv. 31, 31, 18:

    ut multo acrius adversus duos quam adversus unum pararet bellum,

    id. 45, 11, 8:

    bellum quod rex adversus Datamem susceperat,

    Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—
    e.
    With contra and acc.:

    cum bellum nefarium contra aras et focos, contra vitam fortunasque nostras... non comparari, sed geri jam viderem,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:

    causam belli contra patriam inferendi,

    id. ib. 2, 22, 53.—
    f.
    With in and acc. (very rare):

    Athenienses in Peloponnesios sexto et vicesimo anno bellum gerentes,

    Nep. Lys. 1, 1.—
    g.
    With inter and acc.:

    hic finis belli inter Romanos ac Persea fuit,

    Liv. 45, 9, 2.—
    h.
    With apud and acc.:

    secutum est bellum gestum apud Mutinam,

    Nep. Att. 9, 1.—
    k.
    With dat. of the enemy after inferre and facere, v. 2. a. k infra.—
    2.
    With verbs.
    a.
    Referring to the beginning of the war.
    (α).
    Bellum movere or commovere, to bring about, stir up a war:

    summa erat observatio in bello movendo,

    Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37:

    bellum commotum a Scapula,

    id. Fam. 9, 13, 1:

    nuntiabant alii... in Apulia servile bellum moveri,

    Sall. C. 30, 2:

    is primum Volscis bellum in ducentos amplius... annos movit,

    Liv. 1, 53, 2:

    insequenti anno Veiens bellum motum,

    id. 4, 58, 6:

    dii pium movere bellum,

    id. 8, 6, 4; cf. Verg. A. 10, 627; id. G. 1, 509; so,

    concitare,

    Liv. 7, 27, 5; and ciere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 541; 6, 829; 12, 158.—
    (β).
    Bellum parare, comparare, apparare, or se praeparare bello, to prepare a war, or for a war:

    cum tam pestiferum bellum pararet,

    Cic. Att. 9, 13, 3:

    bellum utrimque summopere parabatur,

    Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 45, 11, 8 (v. II. A. 1. d. b supra); Nep. Hann. 2, 6; Quint. 12, 3, 5; Ov. M. 7, 456; so,

    parare alicui,

    Nep. Alcib. 9, 5:

    bellum terra et mari comparat,

    Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3:

    tantum bellum... Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 3, 5:

    bellum omnium consensu apparari coeptum,

    Liv. 4, 55, 7:

    numquam imperator ita paci credit, ut non se praeparet bello,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 2.—
    (γ).
    Bellum differre, to postpone a war:

    nec jam poterat bellum differri,

    Liv. 2, 30, 7:

    mors Hamilcaris et pueritia Hannibalis distulerunt bellum,

    id. 21, 2, 3; cf. id. 5, 5, 3.—
    (δ).
    Bellum sumere, to undertake, begin a war (not in Caesar):

    omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrume desinere,

    Sall. J. 83, 1:

    prius tamen omnia pati decrevit quam bellum sumere,

    id. ib. 20, 5:

    de integro bellum sumit,

    id. ib. 62, 9:

    iis haec maxima ratio belli sumendi fuerat,

    Liv. 38, 19, 3:

    sumi bellum etiam ab ignavis, strenuissimi cujusque periculo geri,

    Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. id. A. 2, 45; 13, 34; 15, 5; 15, 7; id. Agr. 16.—
    (ε).
    Bellum suscipere (rarely inire), to undertake, commence a war, join in a war:

    bellum ita suscipiatur ut nihil nisi pax quaesita videatur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80:

    suscipienda quidem bella sunt ob eam causam ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 11, 35:

    judicavit a plerisque ignoratione... bellum esse susceptum,

    join, id. Marcell. 5, 13; id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35 (v. supra):

    cum avertisset plebem a suscipiendo bello,

    undertaking, Liv. 4, 58, 14:

    senatui cum Camillo agi placuit ut bellum Etruscum susciperet,

    id. 6, 9, 5:

    bella non causis inita, sed ut eorum merces fuit,

    Vell. 2, 3, 3.—
    (ζ).
    Bellum consentire = bellum consensu decernere, to decree a war by agreement, to ratify a declaration of war (rare):

    consensit et senatus bellum,

    Liv. 8, 6, 8:

    bellum erat consensum,

    id. 1, 32, 12.—
    (η).
    Bellum alicui mandare, committere, decernere, dare, gerendum dare, ad aliquem deferre, or aliquem bello praeficere, praeponere, to assign a war to one as a commander, to give one the chief command in a war:

    sed ne tum quidem populus Romanus ad privatum detulit bellum,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:

    populus Romanus consuli... bellum gerendum dedit,

    id. ib.:

    cur non... eidem... hoc quoque bellum regium committamus?

    id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:

    Camillus cui id bellum mandatum erat,

    Liv. 5, 26, 3:

    Volscum bellum M. Furio extra ordinem decretum,

    id. 6, 22, 6:

    Gallicum bellum Popilio extra ordinem datum,

    id. 7, 23, 2:

    quo die a vobis maritimo bello praepositus est imperator,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 44:

    cum ei (bello) imperatorem praeficere possitis, in quo sit eximia belli scientia,

    id. ib. 16, 49:

    hunc toti bello praefecerunt,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:

    alicui bellum suscipiendum dare,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:

    bellum administrandum permittere,

    id. ib. 21, 61.—
    (θ).
    Bellum indicere alicui, to declare war against (the regular expression; coupled with facere in the ancient formula of the pater patratus), also bellum denuntiare: ob eam rem ego... populo Hermundulo... bellum (in)dico facioque, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1:

    ob eam rem ego populusque Romanus populis... Latinis bellum indico facioque,

    Liv. 1, 32, 13:

    Corinthiis bellum indicamus an non?

    Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:

    ex quo intellegi potest, nullum bellum esse justum nisi quod aut rebus repetitis geratur, aut denuntiatum ante sit et indictum,

    id. Off. 1, 11, 36; id. Rep. 3, 23, 35:

    bellum indici posse existimabat,

    Liv. 1, 22, 4:

    ni reddantur (res) bellum indicere jussos,

    id. 1, 22, 6:

    ut... nec gererentur solum sed etiam indicerentur bella aliquo ritu, jus... descripsit quo res repetuntur,

    id. 1, 32, 5; cf. id. 1, 32, 9; 2, 18, 11; 2, 38, 5; Verg. A. 7, 616.—
    (κ).
    Bellum inferre alicui (cf. contra aliquem, 1. e. supra; also bellum facere; absol., with dat., or with cum and abl.), to begin a war against ( with), to make war on:

    Denseletis nefarium bellum intulisti,

    Cic. Pis. 34, 84:

    ei civitati bellum indici atque inferri solere,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:

    qui sibi Galliaeque bellum intulissent,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Nep. Them. 2, 4; Verg. A. 3, 248:

    bellumne populo Romano Lampsacena civitas facere conabatur?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:

    bellum patriae faciet,

    id. Mil. 23, 63; id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:

    civitatem Eburonum populo Romano bellum facere ausam,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 28; cf. id. ib. 7, 2;

    3, 29: constituit bellum facere,

    Sall. C. 26, 5; 24, 2:

    occupant bellum facere,

    they are the first to begin the war, Liv. 1, 14, 4:

    ut bellum cum Priscis Latinis fieret,

    id. 1, 32, 13:

    populus Palaepolitanis bellum fieri jussit,

    id. 8, 22, 8; cf. Nep. Dion, 4, 3; id. Ages. 2, 1.— Coupled with instruere, to sustain a war:

    urbs quae bellum facere atque instruere possit,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 77.—Bellum facere had become obsolete at Seneca's time, Sen. Ep. 114, 17.—
    (λ).
    Bellum oritur or exoritur, a war begins:

    subito bellum in Gallia ex, ortum est,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 7:

    aliud multo propius bellum ortum,

    Liv. 1, 14, 4:

    Veiens bellum exortum,

    id. 2, 53, 1.—
    b.
    Referring to the carrying on of the war: bellum gerere, to carry on a war; absol., with cum and abl., per and acc., or in and abl. (cf.:

    bellum gerere in aliquem, 1. a. and f. supra): nisi forte ego vobis... cessare nunc videor cum bella non gero,

    Cic. Sen. 6, 18:

    cum Celtiberis, cum Cimbris bellum ut cum inimicis gerebatur,

    id. Off. 1, 12, 38:

    cum ei bellum ut cum rege Perse gereret obtigisset,

    id. Div. 1, 46, 103:

    erant hae difficultates belli gerendi,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 10:

    bellum cum Germanis gerere constituit,

    id. ib. 4, 6:

    Cn. Pompeius in extremis terris bellum gerebat,

    Sall. C. 16, 5:

    bellum quod Hannibale duce Carthaginienses cum populo Romano gessere,

    Liv. 21, 1, 1:

    alter consul in Sabinis bellum gessit,

    id. 2, 62, 3:

    de exercitibus per quos id bellum gereretur,

    id. 23, 25, 5:

    Chabrias bella in Aegypto sua sponte gessit,

    Nep. Chabr, 2, 1.—Sometimes bellum administrare only of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43; Nep. Chabr. 2, 1. —Also (very rare):

    bellum bellare,

    Liv. 8, 40, 1 (but belligerantes is absol., Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; Ann. v. 201 Vahl.);

    in the same sense: bellum agere,

    Nep. Hann. 8, 3. —As a synonym:

    bello persequi aliquem,

    Nep. Con. 4, 1; cf. Liv. 3, 25, 3.—
    (β).
    Trahere or ducere bellum, to protract a war:

    necesse est enim aut trahi id bellum, aut, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:

    bellum trahi non posse,

    Sall. J. 23, 2:

    belli trahendi causa,

    Liv. 5, 11, 8:

    morae qua trahebant bellum paenitebat,

    id. 9, 27, 5:

    suadere institui ut bellum duceret,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2:

    bellum enim ducetur,

    id. ad Brut. 1, 18, 6; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; id. Dat. 8, 4;

    similarly: cum his molliter et per dilationes bellum geri oportet?

    Liv. 5, 5, 1.—
    (γ).
    Bellum repellere, defendere, or propulsare, to ward off, defend one ' s self against a war:

    bellum Gallicum C. Caesare imperatore gestum est, antea tantummodo repulsum,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32:

    quod bellum non intulerit sed defenderit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 44:

    Samnitium vix a se ipsis eo tempore propulsantium bellum,

    Liv. 8, 37, 5.—
    c.
    Referring to the end of a war.
    (α).
    Bellum deponere, ponere, or omittere, to give up, discontinue a war:

    in quo (i.e. bello) et gerendo et deponendo jus ut plurimum valeret lege sanximus,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 34:

    (bellum) cum deponi victores velint,

    Sall. J. 83, 1:

    bellum decem ferme annis ante depositum erat,

    Liv. 31, 1, 8:

    nos depositum a vobis bellum et ipsi omisimus,

    id. 31, 31, 19:

    dicit posse condicionibus bellum poni,

    Sall. J. 112, 1:

    bellum grave cum Etruria positum est,

    id. H. Fragm. 1, 9 Dietsch:

    velut posito bello,

    Liv. 1, 53, 5:

    manere bellum quod positum simuletur,

    id. 1, 53, 7:

    posito ubique bello,

    Tac. H. 2, 52; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 93; Verg. A. 1, 291:

    omisso Romano bello Porsinna filium Arruntem Ariciam... mittit,

    Liv. 2, 14, 5.—
    (β).
    Bellum componere, to end a war by agreement, make peace:

    timerent ne bellum componeretur,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:

    si bellum compositum foret,

    Sall. J. 97, 2:

    belli componendi licentiam,

    id. ib. 103, 3; cf. Nep. Ham. 1, 5; id. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Verg. A. 12, 109;

    similarly: bellum sedare,

    Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—
    (γ).
    Bellum conficere, perficere, finire, to finish, end a war; conficere (the most usual term) and perficere, = to finish a war by conquering; finire (rare), without implying success:

    is bellum confecerit qui Antonium oppresserit,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 12, 2:

    bellumque maximum conficies,

    id. Rep. 6, 11, 11:

    confecto Mithridatico bello,

    id. Prov. Cons. 11, 27; cf. id. Fam. 5, 10, 3; id. Imp. Pomp. 14, 42:

    quo proelio... bellum Venetorum confectum est,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 1, 30; 1, 44; 1, 54; 3, 28;

    4, 16: bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est,

    Sall. C. 51, 5; cf. id. J. 36, 1; 114, 3:

    neminem nisi bello confecto pecuniam petiturum esse,

    Liv. 24, 18, 11; cf. id. 21, 40, 11; 23, 6, 2; 31, 47, 4; 32, 32, 6;

    36, 2, 3: bello perfecto,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 5; Liv. 1, 38, 3:

    se quo die hostem vidisset perfecturum (i. e. bellum),

    id. 22, 38, 7; 31, 4, 2; cf. id. 3, 24, 1; 34, 6, 12; Just. 5, 2, 11:

    neque desiturum ante... quam finitum aliqua tolerabili condicione bellum videro,

    Liv. 23, 12, 10: finito ex maxima parte.. [p. 228] italico bello, Vell. 2, 17, 1; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 6; 24, 1, 8; Verg. A. 11, 116.—
    d.
    Less usual connections:

    bellum delere: non modo praesentia sed etiam futura bella delevit,

    Cic. Lael. 3, 11; cf. Nep. Alcib. 8, 4:

    alere ac fovere bellum,

    Liv. 42, 11, 5:

    bellum navare alicui,

    Tac. H. 5, 25:

    spargere,

    id. A. 3, 21; id. Agr. 38; Luc. 2, 682:

    serere,

    Liv. 21, 10, 4:

    circumferre,

    Tac. A. 13, 37:

    exercere,

    id. ib. 6, 31:

    quam celeriter belli impetus navigavit ( = quam celeriter navale bellum gestum est),

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34; so Flor. 2, 2, 17:

    bellum ascendit in rupes,

    id. 4, 12, 4:

    bellum serpit in proximos,

    id. 2, 9, 4; cf. id. 2, 2, 15:

    bella narrare,

    Cic. Or. 9, 30:

    canere bella,

    Quint. 10, 1, 91:

    bella legere,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28.—
    3.
    As object denoting place or time.
    a.
    Proficisci ad bellum, to depart for the war.
    (α).
    Of the commander:

    consul sortitu ad bellum profectus,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 2, 4; cf. id. Cat. 1, 13, 33:

    ipse ad bellum Ambiorigis profectus,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 4:

    ut duo ex tribunis ad bellum proficiscerentur,

    Liv. 4, 45, 7; cf. id. 6, 2, 9: Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Sall. H. 2, 96 Dietsch. —Post-class.:

    in bellum,

    Just. 2, 11, 9; Gell. 17, 9, 8.—
    (β).
    Of persons partaking in a war:

    si proficiscerer ad bellum,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1. —
    b.
    Ad bellum mittere, of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50; 21, 62.—
    c.
    In bella ruere, Verg. A. 7, 782; 9, 182:

    in bella sequi,

    id. ib. 8, 547.—
    d.
    Of time.
    (α).
    In the locative case belli, in war, during war; generally with domi ( = domi militiaeque):

    valete, judices justissimi, domi bellique duellatores,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 68; so,

    domi duellique,

    id. As. 3, 2, 13 (v. I. supra):

    quibuscunque rebus vel belli vel domi poterunt rem publicam augeant,

    Cic. Off. 2, 24, 85:

    paucorum arbitrio belli domique agitabatur,

    Sall. J. 41, 7:

    animus belli ingens, domi modicus,

    id. ib. 63, 2; Liv. 2, 50, 11; 1, 36, 6; so id. 3, 43, 1; cf.:

    bello domique,

    id. 1, 34, 12:

    domi belloque,

    id. 9, 26, 21; and:

    neque bello, neque domi,

    id. 4, 35, 3.—Without domi:

    simul rem et gloriam armis belli repperi,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60 (where belli may be taken with gloriam; cf.

    Wagn. ad loc.): magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris... belli gerebantur,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 86.—
    (β).
    In bello or in bellis, during war or wars, in the war, in the wars; with adj.:

    ad haec quae in civili bello fecerit,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47; cf. id. ib. 14, 8, 22:

    in ipso bello eadem sensi,

    id. Marcell. 5, 14:

    in Volsco bello virtus enituit,

    Liv. 2, 24, 8:

    in eo bello,

    id. 23, 46, 6:

    in Punicis bellis, Plin.8, 14, 14, § 37: in bello Trojano,

    id. 30, 1, 2, § 5.—Without adj.:

    ut fit in bello, capitur alter filius,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 25:

    qui in bello occiderunt,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2:

    quod in bello saepius vindicatum est in eos, etc.,

    Sall. C. 9, 4:

    non in bello solum, sed etiam in pace,

    Liv. 1, 15, 8; 2, 23, 2:

    in bello parta,

    Quint. 5, 10, 42; 12, 1, 28.—
    (γ).
    Abl. bello or bellis = in bello or in bellis (freq.); with adjj.: nos semper omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis amicitiam fidemque populi Romani secuti sumus. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:

    bello Italico,

    id. Pis. 36, 87:

    Veienti bello,

    id. Div. 1, 44, 100:

    domestico bello,

    id. Planc. 29, 70:

    qui Volsco, Aurunco Sabinoque militassent bello,

    Liv. 23, 12, 11:

    victor tot intra paucos dies bellis,

    id. 2, 27, 1:

    nullo bello, multis tamen proeliis victus,

    id. 9, 18, 9:

    bello civili,

    Quint. 11, 1, 36.—With gen.:

    praesentiam saepe divi suam declarant, ut et apud Regillum bello Latinorum,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:

    suam felicitatem Helvetiorum bello esse perspectam,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 40.—Without attrib.:

    qui etiam bello victis regibus regna reddere consuevit,

    Cic. Sest. 26, 57:

    res pace belloque gestas,

    Liv. 2, 1, 1:

    egregieque rebus bello gestis,

    id. 1, 33, 9; so id. 23, 12, 11:

    ludi bello voti,

    id. 4, 35. 3:

    princeps pace belloque,

    id. 7, 1, 9:

    Cotyn bello juvisse Persea,

    id. 45, 42, 7:

    bello parta,

    Quint. 5, 10, 15; cf. id. 7, 4, 22; Ov. M. 8, 19.—
    (δ).
    Inter bellum (rare):

    cujus originis morem necesse est... inter bellum natum esse,

    Liv. 2, 14, 2:

    inter haec bella consules... facti,

    id. 2, 63, 1.—
    4.
    Bellum in attributive connection.
    a.
    Justum bellum.
    (α).
    A righteous war, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 (v. II. A. 2. a. th supra):

    justum piumque bellum,

    Liv. 1, 23, 4:

    non loquor apud recusantem justa bella populum,

    id. 7, 30, 17; so Ov. M. 8, 58; cf.: illa injusta sunt bella quae sine causa suscepta sunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 23, 35.—
    (β).
    A regular war (opp. a raid, etc.):

    in fines Romanos excucurrerunt, populabundi magis quam justi more belli,

    Liv. 1, 15, 1.—
    b.
    For the different kinds of war: domesticum, civile, intestinum, externum, navale, maritimum, terra marique gestum, servile, sociale; v. hh. vv.—
    c.
    Belli eventus or exitus, the result of a war:

    quicunque belli eventus fuisset,

    Cic. Marcell. 8, 24:

    haud sane alio animo belli eventum exspectabant,

    Sall. C. 37, 9:

    eventus tamen belli minus miserabilem dimicationem fecit,

    Liv. 1, 23, 2; cf. id. 7, 11, 1:

    exitus hujus calamitosissimi belli,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 1:

    cum esset incertus exitus et anceps fortuna belli,

    id. Marcell. 5, 15; so id. Off. 2, 8,:

    Britannici belli exitus exspectatur,

    id. Att. 4, 16, 13:

    cetera bella maximeque Veiens incerti exitus erant,

    Liv. 5, 16, 8.—
    d.
    Fortuna belli, the chances of war:

    adeo varia fortuna belli ancepsque Mars fuit ut,

    Liv. 21, 1, 2; cf. Cic. Marcell. 5, 15 (v. c. supra).—
    e.
    Belli artes, military skill:

    cuilibet superiorum regum belli pacisque et artibus et gloria par,

    Liv. 1, 35, 1:

    haud ignotas belli artes,

    id. 21, 1, 2:

    temperata et belli et pacis artibus erat civitas,

    id. 1, 21, 6.—
    f.
    Jus belli, the law of war: jura belli, the rights ( law) of war:

    in re publica maxime servanda sunt jura belli,

    Cic. Off. 1, 11, 34:

    sunt et belli sicut pacis jura,

    Liv. 5, 27, 6:

    jure belli res vindicatur,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 94.—
    g.
    Belli duces praestantissimos, the most excellent captains, generals, Cic. Or. 1, 2, 7:

    trium simul bellorum victor,

    a victor in three wars, Liv. 6, 4, 1 (cf.:

    victor tot bellis,

    id. 2, 27, 1). —
    h.
    Belli vulnera, Cic. Marcell. 8, 24.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    Of things concr. and abstr.:

    qui parietibus, qui tectis, qui columnis ac postibus meis... bellum intulistis,

    Cic. Dom. 23, 60:

    bellum contra aras et focos,

    id. Phil. 3, 1, 1:

    miror cur philosophiae... bellum indixeris,

    id. Or. 2, 37, 155:

    ventri Indico bellum,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 8.—
    2.
    Of animals:

    milvo est quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum corvo,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:

    hanc Juno Esse jussit gruem, populisque suis indicere bellum,

    Ov. M. 6, 92.—
    3.
    With individuals:

    quid mihi opu'st... cum eis gerere bellum, etc.,

    Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 14:

    nihil turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere quicum familiariter vixeris,

    Cic. Lael. 21, 77:

    cum mihi uni cum improbis aeternum videam bellum susceptum,

    id. Sull. 9, 28:

    hoc tibi juventus Romana indicimus bellum,

    Liv. 2, 12, 11:

    falsum testem justo ac pio bello persequebatur,

    id. 3, 25, 3:

    tribunicium domi bellum patres territat,

    id. 3, 24, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 57.—Ironically:

    equus Trojanus qui tot invictos viros muliebre bellum gerentes tulerit ac texerit,

    Cic. Cael. 28, 67.—
    4.
    In mal. part., Hor. C. 3, 26, 3; 4, 1, 2.—
    5.
    Personified as god of war ( = Janus):

    tabulas duas quae Belli faciem pictam habent,

    Plin. 35, 4, 10, § 27:

    sunt geminae Belli portae, etc.,

    Verg. A. 7, 607:

    mortiferumque averso in limine Bellum,

    id. ib. 6, 279.—
    6.
    Plur.: bella, army ( poet.):

    permanet Aonius Nereus violentus in undis, Bellaque non transfert (i.e. Graecorum exercitum),

    Ov. M. 12, 24:

    sed victae fera bella deae vexere per aequora,

    Sil. 7, 472:

    quid faciat bellis obsessus et undis?

    Stat. Th. 9, 490.—
    7.
    Battle, = proelium:

    rorarii dicti a rore: qui bellum committebant ante,

    Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 92:

    quod in bello saepius vindicatum in eos qui... tardius, revocati, bello excesserant,

    Sall. C. 9, 4:

    praecipua laus ejus belli penes consules fuit,

    Liv. 8, 10, 7:

    commisso statim bello,

    Front. Strat. 1, 11, 2:

    Actia bella,

    Verg. A. 8, 675:

    ingentem pugnam, ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent,

    id. ib. 2, 439; cf. Flor. 3, 5, 11; Just. 2, 12; 18, 1 fin.; 24, 8; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 98 (form duellum); Ov. H. 1, 1, 69; Verg. A. 8, 547; 12, 390; 12, 633; Stat. Th. 3, 666. —
    8.
    Bellum = liber de bello:

    quam gaudebat Bello suo Punico Naevius!

    Cic. Sen. 14, 50.
    b.
    Referring to the carrying on of the war: bellum gerere, to carry on a war; absol., with cum and abl., per and acc., or in and abl. (cf.:

    bellum gerere in aliquem, 1. a. and f. supra): nisi forte ego vobis... cessare nunc videor cum bella non gero,

    Cic. Sen. 6, 18:

    cum Celtiberis, cum Cimbris bellum ut cum inimicis gerebatur,

    id. Off. 1, 12, 38:

    cum ei bellum ut cum rege Perse gereret obtigisset,

    id. Div. 1, 46, 103:

    erant hae difficultates belli gerendi,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 10:

    bellum cum Germanis gerere constituit,

    id. ib. 4, 6:

    Cn. Pompeius in extremis terris bellum gerebat,

    Sall. C. 16, 5:

    bellum quod Hannibale duce Carthaginienses cum populo Romano gessere,

    Liv. 21, 1, 1:

    alter consul in Sabinis bellum gessit,

    id. 2, 62, 3:

    de exercitibus per quos id bellum gereretur,

    id. 23, 25, 5:

    Chabrias bella in Aegypto sua sponte gessit,

    Nep. Chabr, 2, 1.—Sometimes bellum administrare only of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43; Nep. Chabr. 2, 1. —Also (very rare):

    bellum bellare,

    Liv. 8, 40, 1 (but belligerantes is absol., Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; Ann. v. 201 Vahl.);

    in the same sense: bellum agere,

    Nep. Hann. 8, 3. —As a synonym:

    bello persequi aliquem,

    Nep. Con. 4, 1; cf. Liv. 3, 25, 3.—
    (β).
    Trahere or ducere bellum, to protract a war:

    necesse est enim aut trahi id bellum, aut, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:

    bellum trahi non posse,

    Sall. J. 23, 2:

    belli trahendi causa,

    Liv. 5, 11, 8:

    morae qua trahebant bellum paenitebat,

    id. 9, 27, 5:

    suadere institui ut bellum duceret,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2:

    bellum enim ducetur,

    id. ad Brut. 1, 18, 6; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; id. Dat. 8, 4;

    similarly: cum his molliter et per dilationes bellum geri oportet?

    Liv. 5, 5, 1.—
    (γ).
    Bellum repellere, defendere, or propulsare, to ward off, defend one ' s self against a war:

    bellum Gallicum C. Caesare imperatore gestum est, antea tantummodo repulsum,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32:

    quod bellum non intulerit sed defenderit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 44:

    Samnitium vix a se ipsis eo tempore propulsantium bellum,

    Liv. 8, 37, 5.—
    c.
    Referring to the end of a war.
    (α).
    Bellum deponere, ponere, or omittere, to give up, discontinue a war:

    in quo (i.e. bello) et gerendo et deponendo jus ut plurimum valeret lege sanximus,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 34:

    (bellum) cum deponi victores velint,

    Sall. J. 83, 1:

    bellum decem ferme annis ante depositum erat,

    Liv. 31, 1, 8:

    nos depositum a vobis bellum et ipsi omisimus,

    id. 31, 31, 19:

    dicit posse condicionibus bellum poni,

    Sall. J. 112, 1:

    bellum grave cum Etruria positum est,

    id. H. Fragm. 1, 9 Dietsch:

    velut posito bello,

    Liv. 1, 53, 5:

    manere bellum quod positum simuletur,

    id. 1, 53, 7:

    posito ubique bello,

    Tac. H. 2, 52; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 93; Verg. A. 1, 291:

    omisso Romano bello Porsinna filium Arruntem Ariciam... mittit,

    Liv. 2, 14, 5.—
    (β).
    Bellum componere, to end a war by agreement, make peace:

    timerent ne bellum componeretur,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:

    si bellum compositum foret,

    Sall. J. 97, 2:

    belli componendi licentiam,

    id. ib. 103, 3; cf. Nep. Ham. 1, 5; id. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Verg. A. 12, 109;

    similarly: bellum sedare,

    Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—
    (γ).
    Bellum conficere, perficere, finire, to finish, end a war; conficere (the most usual term) and perficere, = to finish a war by conquering; finire (rare), without implying success:

    is bellum confecerit qui Antonium oppresserit,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 12, 2:

    bellumque maximum conficies,

    id. Rep. 6, 11, 11:

    confecto Mithridatico bello,

    id. Prov. Cons. 11, 27; cf. id. Fam. 5, 10, 3; id. Imp. Pomp. 14, 42:

    quo proelio... bellum Venetorum confectum est,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 1, 30; 1, 44; 1, 54; 3, 28;

    4, 16: bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est,

    Sall. C. 51, 5; cf. id. J. 36, 1; 114, 3:

    neminem nisi bello confecto pecuniam petiturum esse,

    Liv. 24, 18, 11; cf. id. 21, 40, 11; 23, 6, 2; 31, 47, 4; 32, 32, 6;

    36, 2, 3: bello perfecto,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 5; Liv. 1, 38, 3:

    se quo die hostem vidisset perfecturum (i. e. bellum),

    id. 22, 38, 7; 31, 4, 2; cf. id. 3, 24, 1; 34, 6, 12; Just. 5, 2, 11:

    neque desiturum ante... quam finitum aliqua tolerabili condicione bellum videro,

    Liv. 23, 12, 10: finito ex maxima parte.. [p. 228] italico bello, Vell. 2, 17, 1; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 6; 24, 1, 8; Verg. A. 11, 116.—
    d.
    Less usual connections:

    bellum delere: non modo praesentia sed etiam futura bella delevit,

    Cic. Lael. 3, 11; cf. Nep. Alcib. 8, 4:

    alere ac fovere bellum,

    Liv. 42, 11, 5:

    bellum navare alicui,

    Tac. H. 5, 25:

    spargere,

    id. A. 3, 21; id. Agr. 38; Luc. 2, 682:

    serere,

    Liv. 21, 10, 4:

    circumferre,

    Tac. A. 13, 37:

    exercere,

    id. ib. 6, 31:

    quam celeriter belli impetus navigavit ( = quam celeriter navale bellum gestum est),

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34; so Flor. 2, 2, 17:

    bellum ascendit in rupes,

    id. 4, 12, 4:

    bellum serpit in proximos,

    id. 2, 9, 4; cf. id. 2, 2, 15:

    bella narrare,

    Cic. Or. 9, 30:

    canere bella,

    Quint. 10, 1, 91:

    bella legere,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28.—
    3.
    As object denoting place or time.
    a.
    Proficisci ad bellum, to depart for the war.
    (α).
    Of the commander:

    consul sortitu ad bellum profectus,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 2, 4; cf. id. Cat. 1, 13, 33:

    ipse ad bellum Ambiorigis profectus,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 4:

    ut duo ex tribunis ad bellum proficiscerentur,

    Liv. 4, 45, 7; cf. id. 6, 2, 9: Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Sall. H. 2, 96 Dietsch. —Post-class.:

    in bellum,

    Just. 2, 11, 9; Gell. 17, 9, 8.—
    (β).
    Of persons partaking in a war:

    si proficiscerer ad bellum,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1. —
    b.
    Ad bellum mittere, of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50; 21, 62.—
    c.
    In bella ruere, Verg. A. 7, 782; 9, 182:

    in bella sequi,

    id. ib. 8, 547.—
    d.
    Of time.
    (α).
    In the locative case belli, in war, during war; generally with domi ( = domi militiaeque):

    valete, judices justissimi, domi bellique duellatores,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 68; so,

    domi duellique,

    id. As. 3, 2, 13 (v. I. supra):

    quibuscunque rebus vel belli vel domi poterunt rem publicam augeant,

    Cic. Off. 2, 24, 85:

    paucorum arbitrio belli domique agitabatur,

    Sall. J. 41, 7:

    animus belli ingens, domi modicus,

    id. ib. 63, 2; Liv. 2, 50, 11; 1, 36, 6; so id. 3, 43, 1; cf.:

    bello domique,

    id. 1, 34, 12:

    domi belloque,

    id. 9, 26, 21; and:

    neque bello, neque domi,

    id. 4, 35, 3.—Without domi:

    simul rem et gloriam armis belli repperi,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60 (where belli may be taken with gloriam; cf.

    Wagn. ad loc.): magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris... belli gerebantur,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 86.—
    (β).
    In bello or in bellis, during war or wars, in the war, in the wars; with adj.:

    ad haec quae in civili bello fecerit,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47; cf. id. ib. 14, 8, 22:

    in ipso bello eadem sensi,

    id. Marcell. 5, 14:

    in Volsco bello virtus enituit,

    Liv. 2, 24, 8:

    in eo bello,

    id. 23, 46, 6:

    in Punicis bellis, Plin.8, 14, 14, § 37: in bello Trojano,

    id. 30, 1, 2, § 5.—Without adj.:

    ut fit in bello, capitur alter filius,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 25:

    qui in bello occiderunt,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2:

    quod in bello saepius vindicatum est in eos, etc.,

    Sall. C. 9, 4:

    non in bello solum, sed etiam in pace,

    Liv. 1, 15, 8; 2, 23, 2:

    in bello parta,

    Quint. 5, 10, 42; 12, 1, 28.—
    (γ).
    Abl. bello or bellis = in bello or in bellis (freq.); with adjj.: nos semper omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis amicitiam fidemque populi Romani secuti sumus. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:

    bello Italico,

    id. Pis. 36, 87:

    Veienti bello,

    id. Div. 1, 44, 100:

    domestico bello,

    id. Planc. 29, 70:

    qui Volsco, Aurunco Sabinoque militassent bello,

    Liv. 23, 12, 11:

    victor tot intra paucos dies bellis,

    id. 2, 27, 1:

    nullo bello, multis tamen proeliis victus,

    id. 9, 18, 9:

    bello civili,

    Quint. 11, 1, 36.—With gen.:

    praesentiam saepe divi suam declarant, ut et apud Regillum bello Latinorum,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:

    suam felicitatem Helvetiorum bello esse perspectam,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 40.—Without attrib.:

    qui etiam bello victis regibus regna reddere consuevit,

    Cic. Sest. 26, 57:

    res pace belloque gestas,

    Liv. 2, 1, 1:

    egregieque rebus bello gestis,

    id. 1, 33, 9; so id. 23, 12, 11:

    ludi bello voti,

    id. 4, 35. 3:

    princeps pace belloque,

    id. 7, 1, 9:

    Cotyn bello juvisse Persea,

    id. 45, 42, 7:

    bello parta,

    Quint. 5, 10, 15; cf. id. 7, 4, 22; Ov. M. 8, 19.—
    (δ).
    Inter bellum (rare):

    cujus originis morem necesse est... inter bellum natum esse,

    Liv. 2, 14, 2:

    inter haec bella consules... facti,

    id. 2, 63, 1.—
    4.
    Bellum in attributive connection.
    a.
    Justum bellum.
    (α).
    A righteous war, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 (v. II. A. 2. a. th supra):

    justum piumque bellum,

    Liv. 1, 23, 4:

    non loquor apud recusantem justa bella populum,

    id. 7, 30, 17; so Ov. M. 8, 58; cf.: illa injusta sunt bella quae sine causa suscepta sunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 23, 35.—
    (β).
    A regular war (opp. a raid, etc.):

    in fines Romanos excucurrerunt, populabundi magis quam justi more belli,

    Liv. 1, 15, 1.—
    b.
    For the different kinds of war: domesticum, civile, intestinum, externum, navale, maritimum, terra marique gestum, servile, sociale; v. hh. vv.—
    c.
    Belli eventus or exitus, the result of a war:

    quicunque belli eventus fuisset,

    Cic. Marcell. 8, 24:

    haud sane alio animo belli eventum exspectabant,

    Sall. C. 37, 9:

    eventus tamen belli minus miserabilem dimicationem fecit,

    Liv. 1, 23, 2; cf. id. 7, 11, 1:

    exitus hujus calamitosissimi belli,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 1:

    cum esset incertus exitus et anceps fortuna belli,

    id. Marcell. 5, 15; so id. Off. 2, 8,:

    Britannici belli exitus exspectatur,

    id. Att. 4, 16, 13:

    cetera bella maximeque Veiens incerti exitus erant,

    Liv. 5, 16, 8.—
    d.
    Fortuna belli, the chances of war:

    adeo varia fortuna belli ancepsque Mars fuit ut,

    Liv. 21, 1, 2; cf. Cic. Marcell. 5, 15 (v. c. supra).—
    e.
    Belli artes, military skill:

    cuilibet superiorum regum belli pacisque et artibus et gloria par,

    Liv. 1, 35, 1:

    haud ignotas belli artes,

    id. 21, 1, 2:

    temperata et belli et pacis artibus erat civitas,

    id. 1, 21, 6.—
    f.
    Jus belli, the law of war: jura belli, the rights ( law) of war:

    in re publica maxime servanda sunt jura belli,

    Cic. Off. 1, 11, 34:

    sunt et belli sicut pacis jura,

    Liv. 5, 27, 6:

    jure belli res vindicatur,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 94.—
    g.
    Belli duces praestantissimos, the most excellent captains, generals, Cic. Or. 1, 2, 7:

    trium simul bellorum victor,

    a victor in three wars, Liv. 6, 4, 1 (cf.:

    victor tot bellis,

    id. 2, 27, 1). —
    h.
    Belli vulnera, Cic. Marcell. 8, 24.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    Of things concr. and abstr.:

    qui parietibus, qui tectis, qui columnis ac postibus meis... bellum intulistis,

    Cic. Dom. 23, 60:

    bellum contra aras et focos,

    id. Phil. 3, 1, 1:

    miror cur philosophiae... bellum indixeris,

    id. Or. 2, 37, 155:

    ventri Indico bellum,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 8.—
    2.
    Of animals:

    milvo est quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum corvo,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:

    hanc Juno Esse jussit gruem, populisque suis indicere bellum,

    Ov. M. 6, 92.—
    3.
    With individuals:

    quid mihi opu'st... cum eis gerere bellum, etc.,

    Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 14:

    nihil turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere quicum familiariter vixeris,

    Cic. Lael. 21, 77:

    cum mihi uni cum improbis aeternum videam bellum susceptum,

    id. Sull. 9, 28:

    hoc tibi juventus Romana indicimus bellum,

    Liv. 2, 12, 11:

    falsum testem justo ac pio bello persequebatur,

    id. 3, 25, 3:

    tribunicium domi bellum patres territat,

    id. 3, 24, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 57.—Ironically:

    equus Trojanus qui tot invictos viros muliebre bellum gerentes tulerit ac texerit,

    Cic. Cael. 28, 67.—
    4.
    In mal. part., Hor. C. 3, 26, 3; 4, 1, 2.—
    5.
    Personified as god of war ( = Janus):

    tabulas duas quae Belli faciem pictam habent,

    Plin. 35, 4, 10, § 27:

    sunt geminae Belli portae, etc.,

    Verg. A. 7, 607:

    mortiferumque averso in limine Bellum,

    id. ib. 6, 279.—
    6.
    Plur.: bella, army ( poet.):

    permanet Aonius Nereus violentus in undis, Bellaque non transfert (i.e. Graecorum exercitum),

    Ov. M. 12, 24:

    sed victae fera bella deae vexere per aequora,

    Sil. 7, 472:

    quid faciat bellis obsessus et undis?

    Stat. Th. 9, 490.—
    7.
    Battle, = proelium:

    rorarii dicti a rore: qui bellum committebant ante,

    Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 92:

    quod in bello saepius vindicatum in eos qui... tardius, revocati, bello excesserant,

    Sall. C. 9, 4:

    praecipua laus ejus belli penes consules fuit,

    Liv. 8, 10, 7:

    commisso statim bello,

    Front. Strat. 1, 11, 2:

    Actia bella,

    Verg. A. 8, 675:

    ingentem pugnam, ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent,

    id. ib. 2, 439; cf. Flor. 3, 5, 11; Just. 2, 12; 18, 1 fin.; 24, 8; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 98 (form duellum); Ov. H. 1, 1, 69; Verg. A. 8, 547; 12, 390; 12, 633; Stat. Th. 3, 666. —
    8.
    Bellum = liber de bello:

    quam gaudebat Bello suo Punico Naevius!

    Cic. Sen. 14, 50.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > bellum

  • 13 arcesso

    arcesso (accerso), ĕre, īvī (qqf. ĭi), ītum - tr. -    - formes irrégulières: arcessio, ire... [st1]1 [-] mander, appeler, faire venir.    - undique arcessere: faire venir de partout.    - Agrippam generum ad se accersi jussit, Nep. Att. 21: il fit appeler son gendre Agrippa.    - cunctos senatorii ordinis accersiri jubet, Sall. J.: il convoque tous les personnages de l'ordre sénatorial.    - (Catilina) integros pro sauciis arcessere: (et Catilina de) remplacer les blessés par des troupes fraîches.    - jussit me ad se accersier, Ter. Eun.: elle m'a fait appeler.    - arcessere Gallos auxilio, Caes.: appeler les Gaulois au secours. [st1]2 [-] citer en justice, accuser.    - arcessor, Amm.: on m'accuse.    - arcessere aliquem in crimen alicujus rei, Cic.: appeler qqn en justice pour répondre de qqch.    - arcessere aliquem pecuniae captae, Sall. J. 32: poursuivre qqn pour corruption.    - arcessere aliquem capitis: accuser qqn d'un crime capital. [st1]3 [-] au fig. tirer de, chercher, rechercher, procurer.    - illic homo a me sibi malam rem arcessit jumento suo, Plaut. Am.: cet homme vient chez moi avec sa pauvre bête de somme chercher sa perte (= il vient au galop chez moi chercher sa ruine).    - arcessere a capite, Cic.: reprendre (une chose) à son origine, remonter aux principes.    - longe arcessere fabulas coepi, Petr. 37: j'entrepris de lui faire reprendre ses histoires de loin.    - arcessere gloriam ex periculo, Curt.: tirer de la gloire du danger.    - arcessitum dictum, Cic.: pensée tirée de loin.
    * * *
    arcesso (accerso), ĕre, īvī (qqf. ĭi), ītum - tr. -    - formes irrégulières: arcessio, ire... [st1]1 [-] mander, appeler, faire venir.    - undique arcessere: faire venir de partout.    - Agrippam generum ad se accersi jussit, Nep. Att. 21: il fit appeler son gendre Agrippa.    - cunctos senatorii ordinis accersiri jubet, Sall. J.: il convoque tous les personnages de l'ordre sénatorial.    - (Catilina) integros pro sauciis arcessere: (et Catilina de) remplacer les blessés par des troupes fraîches.    - jussit me ad se accersier, Ter. Eun.: elle m'a fait appeler.    - arcessere Gallos auxilio, Caes.: appeler les Gaulois au secours. [st1]2 [-] citer en justice, accuser.    - arcessor, Amm.: on m'accuse.    - arcessere aliquem in crimen alicujus rei, Cic.: appeler qqn en justice pour répondre de qqch.    - arcessere aliquem pecuniae captae, Sall. J. 32: poursuivre qqn pour corruption.    - arcessere aliquem capitis: accuser qqn d'un crime capital. [st1]3 [-] au fig. tirer de, chercher, rechercher, procurer.    - illic homo a me sibi malam rem arcessit jumento suo, Plaut. Am.: cet homme vient chez moi avec sa pauvre bête de somme chercher sa perte (= il vient au galop chez moi chercher sa ruine).    - arcessere a capite, Cic.: reprendre (une chose) à son origine, remonter aux principes.    - longe arcessere fabulas coepi, Petr. 37: j'entrepris de lui faire reprendre ses histoires de loin.    - arcessere gloriam ex periculo, Curt.: tirer de la gloire du danger.    - arcessitum dictum, Cic.: pensée tirée de loin.
    * * *
        Arcesso, arcessis, arcessiui, arcessitum, pen. pro. arcessere. Plaut. Hucher, Appeler, Aller querir.
    \
        Arcessere. Virg. Retirer, Faire retourner.
    \
        Causam mortis sibi arcessere. Val. Max. Estre cause de sa mort.
    \
        Arcessere a capite rem aliquam. Cic. La querir et cercher dés le commencement.
    \
        Arcessere, interdum Accusare significat, et ablatiuo iungitur cum genitiuo. Cic. Ipse alterum ambitus crimine arcesseret. Accuser.
    \
        Iudicio capitis aliquem arcessere. Cic. Intenter proces criminel contre quelcun.
    \
        Arcessere aliquem iudicio. Cicero. Mettre en proces, Accuser en jugement.
    \
        Arcessere crimine aliquo in periculum capitis. Cic. Mettre en danger de la vie.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > arcesso

  • 14 commoneo

    commonĕo, ēre, monŭi, monitum - tr. - faire souvenir, avertir, faire songer, conseiller.    - commonere aliquem alicujus rei: faire souvenir qqn de qqch.    - commonere aliquem de aliqua re: rappeler qqn au souvenir de qqch.    - commonere + prop inf: faire souvenir que.    - de periculo aliquem commonere: avertir qqn d’un danger.    - commonere + prop inf: avertir que.    - commonere ut: avertir de, conseiller de...
    * * *
    commonĕo, ēre, monŭi, monitum - tr. - faire souvenir, avertir, faire songer, conseiller.    - commonere aliquem alicujus rei: faire souvenir qqn de qqch.    - commonere aliquem de aliqua re: rappeler qqn au souvenir de qqch.    - commonere + prop inf: faire souvenir que.    - de periculo aliquem commonere: avertir qqn d’un danger.    - commonere + prop inf: avertir que.    - commonere ut: avertir de, conseiller de...
    * * *
        Commoneo, commones, pen. corr. commonui, commonitum, pen. corr. commonere. Plaut. Advertir, Admonnester.
    \
        Commonere aliquem officium suum. Plaut. L'admonnester de faire son debvoir.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > commoneo

  • 15 subduco

    subdūco, ĕre, duxi, ductum - tr. -    - parf. sync. subduxti, Ter. Eun. 795; inf. subduxe Varr. R. 2, 1, 6.    - voir subductus    - tirer de bas en haut. [st1]1 [-] soulever.    - subducere sursum, Plaut. Aul 366: amener en haut. --- cf. Cato, Agr. 157, 15.    - subducere cataractam funibus, Liv. 27, 28, 10: soulever la herse avec des cordages.    - subductis tunicis, Hor. S. 1, 2, 26: les tuniques étant retroussées.    - subducere supercilia, Sen. Ep. 48, 5: relever, froncer les sourcils. [st1]2 [-] amener les vaisseaux sur le rivage.    - subducere naves in aridum, Caes. BG. 4, 29, 2: amener les vaisseaux au sec sur le rivage.    - subductis navibus, Caes. BG. 5, 11, 7: les navires étant tirés sur le rivage. --- cf. Cic. Off. 3, 49.    - navis subducta in terra, Plaut. Most. 738: navire tiré sur le rivage. --- cf. Liv. 45, 42.    - tirer de dessous. [st1]3 [-] retirer de dessous, retirer, soustraire.    - ignem subducere, Cato, Agr. 105, 1: retirer le feu de dessous.    - lapidibus ex turri subductis, Caes. BC. 2, 11, 4: des pierres ayant été retirées à la base de la tour.    - capiti ensem subducere, Virg. En. 6, 524: soustraire une épée du chevet de qqn.    - subducere cibum athletae, Cic. Tusc. 2, 40: retirer la nourriture à un athlète.    - rerum fundamenta subducere, Cic. Fin. 4, 42: saper les fondements des choses.    - cubiculum subductum ventis, Plin. 2, 17, 10: chambre soustraite aux vents. [st1]4 [-] retirer, emmener.    - subducere copias in proximum collem, Caes. BG. 1, 22, 3: retirer les troupes sur la plus proche colline [à la fois retraite et montée]. --- cf. Sall. J. 98, 4.    - cohortes e dextro cornu subductae, Liv. 27, 48, 13: cohortes tirées de l'aile droite.    - subducere aliquem periculo, Vell. 2: soustraire qqn au danger.    - nos manum ferulae subduximus, Juv. 1, 15: **nous avons retiré la main à la férule** = nous avons esquivé la férule en retirant la main.    - subducere rem judicio, Dig. 10, 2, 14: retirer une affaire du rôle.    - lac subducitur agnis, Virg. B. 3: le lait est enlevé aux agneaux.    - subducere in primam aciem, Sall. C. 59, 3: faire passer des soldats au premier rang.    - subduci, Liv.: se replier, battre en retraite.    - cf. Liv. 22, 48 ; 44, 37, etc. [st1]5 [-] retirer secrètement, enlever à la dérobée, furtivement.    - furto obsides subducere, Liv. 9, 11, 6: soustraire furtivement des otages.    - alicui anulum subducere, Plaut. Curc. 360: soustraire un anneau à qqn.    - post ignem aetheria domo subductum, Hor. O. 1, 3, 30: après que le feu eut été dérobé au ciel.    - de circulo se subducere, Cic. Q. 3 4, 1: s'éclipser du groupe.    - clam se subducere ab custodibus, Nep. Alc. 4, 4: se dérober secrètement à ses gardiens.    - subducit se pedibus terra, Lucr. 1, 1106: la terre manque sous les pieds.    - fons nascitur simulque subducitur, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 39: la source jaillit et se perd aussitôt.    - cum eo te clam subduxti, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 25: tu t'es discrètement retirée avec lui. [st1]6 [-] compter, calculer, supputer.    - subducere ratiunculam, Plaut. Cap. 192, etc., ou rationem Fin. 2, 78: faire un compte, calculer, supputer.    - rationibus subductis summam feci cogitationum mearum, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 10: ayant tout calculé, j'ai fait la somme de mes pensées.    - subducamus summam, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 11: calculons le montant total.    - voluptatum calculis subductis, Cic. Fin. 2, 60: en faisant la supputation des plaisirs.    - hoc quid intersit, certe habes subductum, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 13: la différence, certes tu en as le calcul tout fait.    - absol. adsidunt, subducunt, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 12: ils s'assoient, ils font le calcul. [st1]7 [-] doubler (un vêtement).    - tandem venit hiems; sumptum est aliud pileum: mutavit ille picturam; sumpta est vestis hiberna pellibus subducta: pinxit novam vestem, Erasm. Cic.: enfin voici l’hiver: (Murion) prend un autre bonnet: notre peintre modifie son tableau ! Murion prend une veste d’hiver, doublée de fourrure: il peint la nouvelle veste !
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    subdūco, ĕre, duxi, ductum - tr. -    - parf. sync. subduxti, Ter. Eun. 795; inf. subduxe Varr. R. 2, 1, 6.    - voir subductus    - tirer de bas en haut. [st1]1 [-] soulever.    - subducere sursum, Plaut. Aul 366: amener en haut. --- cf. Cato, Agr. 157, 15.    - subducere cataractam funibus, Liv. 27, 28, 10: soulever la herse avec des cordages.    - subductis tunicis, Hor. S. 1, 2, 26: les tuniques étant retroussées.    - subducere supercilia, Sen. Ep. 48, 5: relever, froncer les sourcils. [st1]2 [-] amener les vaisseaux sur le rivage.    - subducere naves in aridum, Caes. BG. 4, 29, 2: amener les vaisseaux au sec sur le rivage.    - subductis navibus, Caes. BG. 5, 11, 7: les navires étant tirés sur le rivage. --- cf. Cic. Off. 3, 49.    - navis subducta in terra, Plaut. Most. 738: navire tiré sur le rivage. --- cf. Liv. 45, 42.    - tirer de dessous. [st1]3 [-] retirer de dessous, retirer, soustraire.    - ignem subducere, Cato, Agr. 105, 1: retirer le feu de dessous.    - lapidibus ex turri subductis, Caes. BC. 2, 11, 4: des pierres ayant été retirées à la base de la tour.    - capiti ensem subducere, Virg. En. 6, 524: soustraire une épée du chevet de qqn.    - subducere cibum athletae, Cic. Tusc. 2, 40: retirer la nourriture à un athlète.    - rerum fundamenta subducere, Cic. Fin. 4, 42: saper les fondements des choses.    - cubiculum subductum ventis, Plin. 2, 17, 10: chambre soustraite aux vents. [st1]4 [-] retirer, emmener.    - subducere copias in proximum collem, Caes. BG. 1, 22, 3: retirer les troupes sur la plus proche colline [à la fois retraite et montée]. --- cf. Sall. J. 98, 4.    - cohortes e dextro cornu subductae, Liv. 27, 48, 13: cohortes tirées de l'aile droite.    - subducere aliquem periculo, Vell. 2: soustraire qqn au danger.    - nos manum ferulae subduximus, Juv. 1, 15: **nous avons retiré la main à la férule** = nous avons esquivé la férule en retirant la main.    - subducere rem judicio, Dig. 10, 2, 14: retirer une affaire du rôle.    - lac subducitur agnis, Virg. B. 3: le lait est enlevé aux agneaux.    - subducere in primam aciem, Sall. C. 59, 3: faire passer des soldats au premier rang.    - subduci, Liv.: se replier, battre en retraite.    - cf. Liv. 22, 48 ; 44, 37, etc. [st1]5 [-] retirer secrètement, enlever à la dérobée, furtivement.    - furto obsides subducere, Liv. 9, 11, 6: soustraire furtivement des otages.    - alicui anulum subducere, Plaut. Curc. 360: soustraire un anneau à qqn.    - post ignem aetheria domo subductum, Hor. O. 1, 3, 30: après que le feu eut été dérobé au ciel.    - de circulo se subducere, Cic. Q. 3 4, 1: s'éclipser du groupe.    - clam se subducere ab custodibus, Nep. Alc. 4, 4: se dérober secrètement à ses gardiens.    - subducit se pedibus terra, Lucr. 1, 1106: la terre manque sous les pieds.    - fons nascitur simulque subducitur, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 39: la source jaillit et se perd aussitôt.    - cum eo te clam subduxti, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 25: tu t'es discrètement retirée avec lui. [st1]6 [-] compter, calculer, supputer.    - subducere ratiunculam, Plaut. Cap. 192, etc., ou rationem Fin. 2, 78: faire un compte, calculer, supputer.    - rationibus subductis summam feci cogitationum mearum, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 10: ayant tout calculé, j'ai fait la somme de mes pensées.    - subducamus summam, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 11: calculons le montant total.    - voluptatum calculis subductis, Cic. Fin. 2, 60: en faisant la supputation des plaisirs.    - hoc quid intersit, certe habes subductum, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 13: la différence, certes tu en as le calcul tout fait.    - absol. adsidunt, subducunt, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 12: ils s'assoient, ils font le calcul. [st1]7 [-] doubler (un vêtement).    - tandem venit hiems; sumptum est aliud pileum: mutavit ille picturam; sumpta est vestis hiberna pellibus subducta: pinxit novam vestem, Erasm. Cic.: enfin voici l’hiver: (Murion) prend un autre bonnet: notre peintre modifie son tableau ! Murion prend une veste d’hiver, doublée de fourrure: il peint la nouvelle veste !
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        Subduco, subducis, penul. prod. subduxi, subductum, subducere. Iuuenal. Mettre dessoubs.
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        Subducere. Cato. Soubtraire et retirer, Oster de dessoubs.
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        Tempus est subducere hinc me. Plaut. De me retirer d'ici.
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        Aurum subducitur terrae. Ouid. On fouille et tire on l'or hors de terre.
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        Subducere cibum athletae. Cic. Ne luy bailler que manger, Luy soubtraire la viande.
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        Colla subducere oneri. Ouid. Oster le col de dessoubs la charge, Se descharger.
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        Subducere lac agnis. Virgil. Sevrer les agneauls.
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        Memoriam tempus interpositum subduxit. Seneca. Le temps en a osté et faict perdre la memoire, L'a faict oublier.
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        Morti subducere aliquem. Claud. Oster et delivrer du peril de mort.
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        Pugnae subducere aliquem. Virgil. Le tirer hors du combat.
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        Terra se pedibus raptim subducit. Lucret. Se soubtrait et oste de dessoubs les pieds.
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        Qua se subducere colles incipiunt. Virgil. Commencent à s'applanir et applatir ou abbaiser et perdre leur haulteur.
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        Subducere. Martial. Oster par larcin, Desrobber, Prendre furtivement et à la desrobbee.
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        Subducere pallium lapsum a cubito. Martial. Lever et emporter furtivement et desrobber.
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        Subducere. Plin. iunior. Mener en hault.
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        Subducere copias in collem satis arduum. Liu. Mener sus.
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        Subducere naues. Virgil. Tirer et mener à port, Mettre à terre.
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        Subducere sursum e puteo. Plaut. Tirer en hault.
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        Subducere supercilia. Seneca. Haulcer et froncer les sourcils.
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        Vultu subducto procedere. Propert. Severe et renfrongné.
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        Subducere animam. Cato. Retirer son haleine.
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        Subducere succum aliquem naribus. Plinius. Attirer par les narines.
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        Subducere aliquem. Plaut. Tromper et decevoir aucun.
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        Subducere aliquem dictis. Terent. Circonvenir et decevoir aucun par belles parolles.
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        Subducere cum hoc nomine RATIO, significat computare, quod et inire, et habere, et facere rationem dicimus. Plaut. Compter, Rapporter le chapitre des receptes au chapitre des mises.
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        Inita et subducta ratione scelera meditari. Cicero. De faict a pensé.
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        Subducere calculos voluptatum. Cic. Compter combien de voluptez et de plaisirs on peult recevoir.
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        Numerum stellarum subducere. Catul. Nombrer les estoilles, Compter le nombre, et combien il est d'estoilles.
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        Subducere summam. Cicero. Sommer une somme en deduisant et rabbatant.
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        Subducere, non adiecto nomine RATIO. Cic. Compter, Faire un compte et calcul.
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        Subducere fundamenta alicuius rei. Cicero. Oster les fondements.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > subduco

  • 16 periculum

    pĕrīcŭlum, i, n    - sync. periclum chez les poètes. [st1]1 [-] essai, expérience, épreuve.    - alicujus rei periculum facere, Cic. Verr. pr. 34: faire l'essai de qqch.    - alicujus periculum facere, Cic. Caecil. 27: faire l'épreuve de qqn.    - in isto periculo, Cic. Leg. 1, 4: dans cet essai littéraire. [st1]2 [-] danger, péril, risque.    - in periculum vocari, Cic. Pomp. 12: être exposé au danger.    - periculum adire, subire, suscipere, ingredi, Cic. Amer. 110; Part 66 ; Mur. 76 ; 4: affronter, courir un danger, assumer des risques, s'exposer à un péril.    - periculum alicui injicere, facessere, inferre, comparare, conflare, Cic. Caec. 83 ; Caecil. 45 ; Sest. 2 ; Fl. 96 ; Sull. 13: susciter, créer des dangers à qqn.    - periculum alicui afferre (intendere, inferre, moliri): mettre qqn en danger.    - in periculo esse, versari Cic. Fam. 4, 15, 2 ; R. Post. 23, être en danger.    - a securi negat esse ei periculum, Cic. Verr. 5, 114: il déclare qu'il ne court pas de danger du côté de la hache, qu'il ne risque pas d'être décapité.    - meo periculo, Cic. Sest. 111: à mes risques et périls.    - bono periculo, Apul.: sans aucun risque.    - sui capitis periculo vindicant, Caes. BG. 7, 1, 5: ils revendiquent au péril de leur vie.    - amicorum pericula, Cic. Arch. 13: dangers courus par les amis.    - qui habitus non procul abesse putatur a vitae periculo, Cic. Br. 313: état physique (complexion) qui est bien près, pense-t-on, de mettre la vie en danger.    - periculi nil tibi est a me, Ter.: tu n'as rien à craindre de ma part.    - reus ne elabatur summum periculum est, Cic. Verr. 1: il est fort à craindre que l'accusé ne m'échappe.    - venit in periculum ne amittat... Cic. Mur. 55: il risque de perdre...    - periculum caedis, Cic. Phil. 1, 5: danger de meurtre.    - periculum ignis, Cic. Leg. 2, 58 danger du feu.    - periculum servitutis, Cic. Pomp. 31: danger de l'esclavage.    - periculum vincendi, Sen. Ep. 79, 7: risque (chance) de l'emporter.    - ad periculum Caesaris, Caes. BC. 1, 2, 3: pour menacer César.    - periculum est, ne, Cic. Tusc. 5, 118: il y a danger que, il est à craindre que. [st1]3 [-] danger couru en justice, procès.    - Cic. Pomp. 2; Nep. Phoc. 2, 3.    - in judiciis periculisque, Cic.: dans les procès civils et criminels. [st1]4 [-] protocole, procès-verbal de la condamnation.    - Nep. Ep. 8, 2. [st1]5 [-] crise dans une maladie.    - Plin. 23, 48.
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    pĕrīcŭlum, i, n    - sync. periclum chez les poètes. [st1]1 [-] essai, expérience, épreuve.    - alicujus rei periculum facere, Cic. Verr. pr. 34: faire l'essai de qqch.    - alicujus periculum facere, Cic. Caecil. 27: faire l'épreuve de qqn.    - in isto periculo, Cic. Leg. 1, 4: dans cet essai littéraire. [st1]2 [-] danger, péril, risque.    - in periculum vocari, Cic. Pomp. 12: être exposé au danger.    - periculum adire, subire, suscipere, ingredi, Cic. Amer. 110; Part 66 ; Mur. 76 ; 4: affronter, courir un danger, assumer des risques, s'exposer à un péril.    - periculum alicui injicere, facessere, inferre, comparare, conflare, Cic. Caec. 83 ; Caecil. 45 ; Sest. 2 ; Fl. 96 ; Sull. 13: susciter, créer des dangers à qqn.    - periculum alicui afferre (intendere, inferre, moliri): mettre qqn en danger.    - in periculo esse, versari Cic. Fam. 4, 15, 2 ; R. Post. 23, être en danger.    - a securi negat esse ei periculum, Cic. Verr. 5, 114: il déclare qu'il ne court pas de danger du côté de la hache, qu'il ne risque pas d'être décapité.    - meo periculo, Cic. Sest. 111: à mes risques et périls.    - bono periculo, Apul.: sans aucun risque.    - sui capitis periculo vindicant, Caes. BG. 7, 1, 5: ils revendiquent au péril de leur vie.    - amicorum pericula, Cic. Arch. 13: dangers courus par les amis.    - qui habitus non procul abesse putatur a vitae periculo, Cic. Br. 313: état physique (complexion) qui est bien près, pense-t-on, de mettre la vie en danger.    - periculi nil tibi est a me, Ter.: tu n'as rien à craindre de ma part.    - reus ne elabatur summum periculum est, Cic. Verr. 1: il est fort à craindre que l'accusé ne m'échappe.    - venit in periculum ne amittat... Cic. Mur. 55: il risque de perdre...    - periculum caedis, Cic. Phil. 1, 5: danger de meurtre.    - periculum ignis, Cic. Leg. 2, 58 danger du feu.    - periculum servitutis, Cic. Pomp. 31: danger de l'esclavage.    - periculum vincendi, Sen. Ep. 79, 7: risque (chance) de l'emporter.    - ad periculum Caesaris, Caes. BC. 1, 2, 3: pour menacer César.    - periculum est, ne, Cic. Tusc. 5, 118: il y a danger que, il est à craindre que. [st1]3 [-] danger couru en justice, procès.    - Cic. Pomp. 2; Nep. Phoc. 2, 3.    - in judiciis periculisque, Cic.: dans les procès civils et criminels. [st1]4 [-] protocole, procès-verbal de la condamnation.    - Nep. Ep. 8, 2. [st1]5 [-] crise dans une maladie.    - Plin. 23, 48.
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        Periculum, periculi, pen. cor. Virg. Peril, Danger, Encombrier.
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        Periculo meo. Plaut. A mes dangers, Perils et fortunes, A mon dam.
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        Huius periculo fit, ego in portu nauigo. Terent. C'est à son danger, non point au mien.
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        Abesse a periculo. Plin. Estre hors ou loing du danger.
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        Adire periculum, Vide ADEO, adis. Se mettre en danger.
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        Afferre alicui periculum. Cic. Le mettre en danger.
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        Creare periculum alicui. Cic. Luy susciter une accusation capitale, Luy procurer sa ruine.
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        Magnis pelagi defuncte periclis. Virgil. Delivré des grands perils de la mer.
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        Facere periculum alicui. Tacit. Mettre en danger.
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        Rem aliquam sui periculi facere. Triphonius. La prendre à sa charge, à ses perils et fortunes.
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        Intendere periculum alicui. Cic. Le menacer de luy faire desplaisir.
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        Moliri periculum alicui. Cic. Luy machiner son dommage.
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        Qui periculum fortunarum et capitis sui prae mea salute neglexit. Cic. Qui n'a point craint de mettre ses biens et sa vie en danger pour mon salut.
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        Subiicere aliquid periculo. Quintil. Mettre en danger.
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        Periculum subterfugere. Cic. Fuir le danger.
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        In periculo esse. Liu. Estre en danger.
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        Subtrahere aliquem periculo. Cels. Oster hors du danger.
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        Aliis aliunde est periculum. Terent. Sont en danger d'autre part.
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        Periculum famae mihi est. Terent. Je suis en danger de perdre ma bonne renommee, Il y va de ma bonne renommee.
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        Est enim periculum ne tacitis suffragiis impudentia irrepat. Plin. iunior. Il y a danger que, etc.
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        Nihil tibi pericli est a me. Terent. Il ne fault point que tu craignes que je te face rien.
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        Illi nihil pericli ex indicio est. Terent. Il n'y a point de danger qu'il revele, Il ne luy en scauroit venir mal.
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        Venit in periculum ne amittat. Cic. Il est en danger de le perdre.
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        Periculum. Experience.
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        Facere periculum. Terent. Faire l'experience de quelque chose, Experimenter, Esprouver, Essayer.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > periculum

  • 17 prohibeo

    prŏhĭbĕo, ēre, hĭbŭi, hĭbĭtum [pro + habeo]    - tr. - tenir éloigné.    - arch. subj.-opt. prohibessit Enn. Tr. 323; Cato, Agr. 141, 2; Plaut. Ps. 14; d. Cic. Leg. 3, 6 II probeat = prohibeat Lucr. 1, 977, cf. Lucr. 3, 862. [st1]1 [-] tenir éloigné, tenir à distance, séparer, écarter, éloigner.    - prohibere aliquem (ab) aliqua re: éloigner qqn de qqch.    - finibus hostes prohibere, Caes.: écarter les ennemis des frontières.    - prohibere naves portu, Caes.: ne pas laisser les navires entrer dans le port.    - itinere exercitum prohibere: couper le passage à une armée.    - commeatu milites prohibere: couper les vivres aux soldats.    - se suosque ab injuria prohibent, Caes. BG. 2, 28, 3: ils se tiennent éloignés eux et les leurs de toute injustice (s'interdisent toute...).    - prohibere hostes suis finibus Caes. BG. 1, 1, 4: écarter les ennemis de son territoire.    - prohiberi jure suffragii, Cic. Rep. 2, 40: être écarté du droit de vote. --- cf. Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 9 ; Sest. 85, etc.    - vim hostium ab oppidis prohibere, Caes.: [tenir éloigné des villes la violence des ennemis] = défendre les villes de la violence des ennemis.    - quod di prohibeant, Ter. And. 3, 3, 36: puissent les dieux écarter ce malheur!    - prohibenda maxime est ira in puniendo, Cic. Off. 1, 89: ce qu'il faut écarter surtout, c'est la colère, quand il s'agit de punir. [st1]2 [-] empêcher, défendre, prohiber, interdire.    - prohibenda est ira in puniendo, Cic. Off. 1, 25, 89: il faut s'abstenir de se mettre en colère quand on punit.    - lex prohibet civem occidere: la loi empêche de tuer un citoyen.    - ridere prohibentur: on les empêche de rire.    - prohibere hostes rapinis, Caes.: empêcher les ennemis de piller.    - hostem a pugna prohibere, Caes. BG. 4: empêcher l'ennemi de combattre.    - id eos ut prohiberet, praetori mandatum est, Liv. 39, 45, 7: la mission de les empêcher de faire cela fut confiée au préteur.    - prohibere parentes alicui, Plaut. Curc. 605: tenir ses parents éloignés pour qqn = lui cacher ses parents, l'empêcher de les trouver.    - prohibere aditum alicui, B. Afr. 31: empêcher l'accès à qqn. --- cf. Sil. 6, 27.    - prohibere ut [contesté]: empêcher que.    - dii prohibeant ut... Cic. *Amer. 151 (mss): puissent les dieux empêcher que.    - prohibere ne, quominus, quin: empêcher que.    - nec, quin erumperet, prohiberi poterat, Liv.: et on ne pouvait l'empêcher de faire une sortie.    - me di omnes id non prohibebant quin... Plaut. Amp. 1051: pas un dieu ne m'empêchera de faire ceci à savoir...    - quod potuisti prohibere ne fieret, Cic. Caecil. 33: ce que tu as eu le pouvoir d'empêcher. --- cf. Liv. 24, 43, 4.    - se prohibitum esse quominus, Cic. Verr. 1, 85: [il disait] qu'il avait été empêché de. --- cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 14; Fam. 12, 5, 1 ; Liv. 25, 35, 6.    - non prohiberi quin... Liv. 26, 40, 4: ne pas être empêché de. --- [sans nég.] Tac. An. 14, 29.    - avec inf. prohibere aliquem exire... Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 7: empêcher qqn de sortir. --- cf. Off. 3, 47 ; Sest. 32.    - scribere fletu prohibeor, Cic Att. 11, 9, 3: les larmes m'empêchent d'écrire. --- cf. Cic. Verr. 5, 117 ; Caec. 66; 84.    - de legatis a me prohibitis proficisci, Cic. Fam. 3, 9, 1: touchant les députés que j'ai empêchés de partir. --- cf. Cic. Verr. 3, 144.    - ad prohibenda circumdari opera, Liv. 3, 28, 7: pour empêcher les travaux de circonvallation. --- cf. Liv. 22, 60, 3.    - avec inf. passif pecuniam exigi lex prohibet, Cic. Agr. 2, 72: la loi empêche qu'on fasse rentrer l'argent.    - cf. Cic. Fin. 5, 25; Fam. 12, 5, 2 ; Caes. BG. 6,29,5 ; Liv. 2, 34, 11, etc.    - avec acc. seul munitiones Caesaris prohibere, Caes. BC. 3, 44, 1: empêcher les fortifications de César. --- cf. Cic. Cat. 2, 26.    - recta imperans prohibensque contraria, Cic. Nat. 1, 36: commandant le bien et empêchant son contraire. --- cf. Cic. Leg. 1, 18.    - d'où le neutre prohibita: les choses interdites. --- Sen. Ep. 83, 19.    - absol. prohibere: empêcher, interdire, prohiber. --- Cic. Leg. 1, 42. [st1]3 [-] défendre, protéger, garantir, préserver.    - prohibere ab + abl.: préserver de.    - prohibere rem publicam a periculo, Cic. Pomp. 19: préserver l'état des dangers. --- cf. Cic. Br. 330; Caes. BG. 5, 21, 1; 6, 23, 9 ; BC. 1, 23, 3.    - prohibere tenuiores injuriā, Cic. Off. 2, 41: préserver les plus faibles de l'injustice. --- cf. Cic. Pomp. 18 ; Caes. BG. 6, 10, 5 ; Liv. 22, 14, 2.    - id te Juppiter prohibessit ! Plaut. Ps. 14: que Jupiter t'en préserve [te préserve relativement à cela].
    * * *
    prŏhĭbĕo, ēre, hĭbŭi, hĭbĭtum [pro + habeo]    - tr. - tenir éloigné.    - arch. subj.-opt. prohibessit Enn. Tr. 323; Cato, Agr. 141, 2; Plaut. Ps. 14; d. Cic. Leg. 3, 6 II probeat = prohibeat Lucr. 1, 977, cf. Lucr. 3, 862. [st1]1 [-] tenir éloigné, tenir à distance, séparer, écarter, éloigner.    - prohibere aliquem (ab) aliqua re: éloigner qqn de qqch.    - finibus hostes prohibere, Caes.: écarter les ennemis des frontières.    - prohibere naves portu, Caes.: ne pas laisser les navires entrer dans le port.    - itinere exercitum prohibere: couper le passage à une armée.    - commeatu milites prohibere: couper les vivres aux soldats.    - se suosque ab injuria prohibent, Caes. BG. 2, 28, 3: ils se tiennent éloignés eux et les leurs de toute injustice (s'interdisent toute...).    - prohibere hostes suis finibus Caes. BG. 1, 1, 4: écarter les ennemis de son territoire.    - prohiberi jure suffragii, Cic. Rep. 2, 40: être écarté du droit de vote. --- cf. Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 9 ; Sest. 85, etc.    - vim hostium ab oppidis prohibere, Caes.: [tenir éloigné des villes la violence des ennemis] = défendre les villes de la violence des ennemis.    - quod di prohibeant, Ter. And. 3, 3, 36: puissent les dieux écarter ce malheur!    - prohibenda maxime est ira in puniendo, Cic. Off. 1, 89: ce qu'il faut écarter surtout, c'est la colère, quand il s'agit de punir. [st1]2 [-] empêcher, défendre, prohiber, interdire.    - prohibenda est ira in puniendo, Cic. Off. 1, 25, 89: il faut s'abstenir de se mettre en colère quand on punit.    - lex prohibet civem occidere: la loi empêche de tuer un citoyen.    - ridere prohibentur: on les empêche de rire.    - prohibere hostes rapinis, Caes.: empêcher les ennemis de piller.    - hostem a pugna prohibere, Caes. BG. 4: empêcher l'ennemi de combattre.    - id eos ut prohiberet, praetori mandatum est, Liv. 39, 45, 7: la mission de les empêcher de faire cela fut confiée au préteur.    - prohibere parentes alicui, Plaut. Curc. 605: tenir ses parents éloignés pour qqn = lui cacher ses parents, l'empêcher de les trouver.    - prohibere aditum alicui, B. Afr. 31: empêcher l'accès à qqn. --- cf. Sil. 6, 27.    - prohibere ut [contesté]: empêcher que.    - dii prohibeant ut... Cic. *Amer. 151 (mss): puissent les dieux empêcher que.    - prohibere ne, quominus, quin: empêcher que.    - nec, quin erumperet, prohiberi poterat, Liv.: et on ne pouvait l'empêcher de faire une sortie.    - me di omnes id non prohibebant quin... Plaut. Amp. 1051: pas un dieu ne m'empêchera de faire ceci à savoir...    - quod potuisti prohibere ne fieret, Cic. Caecil. 33: ce que tu as eu le pouvoir d'empêcher. --- cf. Liv. 24, 43, 4.    - se prohibitum esse quominus, Cic. Verr. 1, 85: [il disait] qu'il avait été empêché de. --- cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 14; Fam. 12, 5, 1 ; Liv. 25, 35, 6.    - non prohiberi quin... Liv. 26, 40, 4: ne pas être empêché de. --- [sans nég.] Tac. An. 14, 29.    - avec inf. prohibere aliquem exire... Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 7: empêcher qqn de sortir. --- cf. Off. 3, 47 ; Sest. 32.    - scribere fletu prohibeor, Cic Att. 11, 9, 3: les larmes m'empêchent d'écrire. --- cf. Cic. Verr. 5, 117 ; Caec. 66; 84.    - de legatis a me prohibitis proficisci, Cic. Fam. 3, 9, 1: touchant les députés que j'ai empêchés de partir. --- cf. Cic. Verr. 3, 144.    - ad prohibenda circumdari opera, Liv. 3, 28, 7: pour empêcher les travaux de circonvallation. --- cf. Liv. 22, 60, 3.    - avec inf. passif pecuniam exigi lex prohibet, Cic. Agr. 2, 72: la loi empêche qu'on fasse rentrer l'argent.    - cf. Cic. Fin. 5, 25; Fam. 12, 5, 2 ; Caes. BG. 6,29,5 ; Liv. 2, 34, 11, etc.    - avec acc. seul munitiones Caesaris prohibere, Caes. BC. 3, 44, 1: empêcher les fortifications de César. --- cf. Cic. Cat. 2, 26.    - recta imperans prohibensque contraria, Cic. Nat. 1, 36: commandant le bien et empêchant son contraire. --- cf. Cic. Leg. 1, 18.    - d'où le neutre prohibita: les choses interdites. --- Sen. Ep. 83, 19.    - absol. prohibere: empêcher, interdire, prohiber. --- Cic. Leg. 1, 42. [st1]3 [-] défendre, protéger, garantir, préserver.    - prohibere ab + abl.: préserver de.    - prohibere rem publicam a periculo, Cic. Pomp. 19: préserver l'état des dangers. --- cf. Cic. Br. 330; Caes. BG. 5, 21, 1; 6, 23, 9 ; BC. 1, 23, 3.    - prohibere tenuiores injuriā, Cic. Off. 2, 41: préserver les plus faibles de l'injustice. --- cf. Cic. Pomp. 18 ; Caes. BG. 6, 10, 5 ; Liv. 22, 14, 2.    - id te Juppiter prohibessit ! Plaut. Ps. 14: que Jupiter t'en préserve [te préserve relativement à cela].
    * * *
        Prohibeo, prohibes, pe. corr. prohibui, prohibitum, pen. corr. prohibere, Ex pro et habeo compositum. Virgil. Engarder et empescher que quelque chose ne se face, Prohiber.
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        Facias licet, nemo prohibet. Cic. Personne ne t'engarde.
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        Nihil prohibet quominus mense Iulio veruacta subigantur. Columel. Rien n'empesche et n'engarde que, etc.
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        Accusatiuo et ablatiuo cum praepositione. Caesar, Caesarem certiorem faciunt, sese non facile ab oppidis vim hostium prohibere. Qu'ils n'engardent pas aiseement que les ennemis ne, etc.
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        Prohibere operas aditu. Cic. Les garder d'entrer.
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        Dolorem dentium prohibet haec herba. Plin. Garde d'avoir mal aux dents.
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        Domo prohibere. Terent. Engarder d'entrer en la maison.
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        Aliquem ab iniuria prohibere. Sallust. Garder qu'on ne luy face tort.
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        Itinere prohibere. Caesar. Empescher le passage.
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        Potione prohibere per triduum. Columel. Garder de boire par trois jours.
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        Prohibete a vobis vim meam. Plaut. Gardez que je ne vous donne malencontre.
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        Voce prohibere aliquem. Cic. Le garder de parler.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > prohibeo

  • 18 deduco

    dēdūco, ĕre, dūxi, ductum - tr. - [st1]1 [-] tirer en bas, faire descendre, faire tomber.    - aliquem de rostris deducere: faire descendre qqn de la tribune aux harangues.    - crines pectine deducere, Ov. M. 4: passer le peigne dans les cheveux, se peigner.    - deducere barbam dextrā, Ov.: caresser sa barbe de la main droite.    - deducentia ramos pondere poma, Ov.: fruits dont le poids fait incliner les branches.    - deducere pedes de lecto, Plaut. Curc.: descendre du lit.    - deducere sinum ad crura ima, Suet.: baisser sa robe jusqu'au bas des jambes.    - deducere vestes a pectore, Ov.: découvrir la poitrine. [st1]2 [-] conduire, tirer de, détourner, faire sortir; faire venir, amener à; étendre.    - deducere aliquem ad aliquem: conduire qqn auprès de qqn.    - deducere aliquem in carcerem, Sall. C. 55: emmener qqn en prison.    - deducere aliquem in conspectum Caesaris, Caes. BC. 1: amener qqn devant César.    - deducere exercitum ex his regionibus, Caes. BG. 1: retirer l'armée de cette région.    - deducere milites ab opere, Caes.: rappeler les soldats de leurs travaux.    - deducere rivos, Virg.: détourner les ruisseaux de leur cours.    - aliquem de sententia deducere: faire changer qqn d’avis.    - deducere aliquem ad sententiam: amener qqn à son avis    - deducere aliquem vero: détourner qqn du vrai.    - deducere fortunam in aequum, Sen. Ep. 51: [ramener la fortune à son niveau]= traiter d'égal à égal avec la fortune.    - de fide aliquem deducere: détourner qqn de son devoir.    - de capite deducere aliquid: déduire qqch (une somme) du capital.    - deducere aliquem ad rhetorem: confier qqn au rhéteur    - res ad arma deducitur: on en vient aux armes.    - res huc deducitur ut: on aboutit à cette solution que. [st1]3 [-] tirer les vaisseaux de terre, mettre à la voile, prendre le large.    - deducere navem: mettre un navire à flot.    - deducere navem ex navalibus, Liv.: faire sortir un vaisseaux des chantiers.    - deducere naves littore, Virg.: retirer les navires du rivage.    - deducere navem in portum: relâcher dans un port. [st1]4 [-] emmener, accompagner (par honneur), faire cortège, escorter, conduire.    - deducere aliquem domo, Cic.: faire cortège à qqn au sortir de chez lui.    - deducere aliquem domum, Liv.: reconduire qqn chez lui.    - me quem luna solet deducere, Juv.: moi qui n'ai d'autre escorte que la lune.    - deducere virginem alicui (ad aliquem ou in domum alicujus): conduire une jeune fille chez son époux. [st1]5 [-] conduire à une école, confier à un tuteur; conduire (des colons); fonder une colonie.    - a patre deductus est ad Scaevolam, Cic.: il fut mis par son père à l'école de Scévola.    - deducere (colonos): [amener des colons] = fonder une colonie.    - triumvir coloniis deducendis, Sall.: triumvir chargé d'établir des colonies.    - qui initio deduxerant, Nep.: les fondateurs de la colonie. [st1]6 [-] retrancher, soustraire, déduire.    - addendo deducendoque, Cic.: en faisant l'addition et la soustraction.    - de capite deducite, quod usuris pernumeratum est, Liv. 6: déduisez du capital tout ce qui a été soldé par le paiement des intérêts.    - deducetur, Cato.: on fera une retenue. [st1]7 [-] détourner de, faire tomber dans, séduire, gagner.    - adolescentibus et oratione magistratus et praemio deductis, Caes. BG. 7: les jeunes gens séduits par le discours du magistrat et par une récompense. [st1]8 [-] retirer (d'un endroit), exproprier, évincer, déposséder, dépouiller.    - aliquem de fundo deducere, Cic.: dépouiller qqn de son bien.    - aliquem ex possessione deducere, Liv.: évincer qqn d'une propriété. [st1]9 [-] allonger, étendre, tirer le fil, filer; tisser, faire un tissu.    - deducere pollice filum, Ov.: dévider le fil avec le pouce.    - deducere filum: tirer le fil, filer. [st1]10 [-] tracer, dessiner; développer, traiter, composer, faire (des vers...).    - deducere versus: composer des vers.    - vetus in tela deducitur argumentum, Ov. M. 6: un sujet antique est tissé dans la toile.    - voir deductus
    * * *
    dēdūco, ĕre, dūxi, ductum - tr. - [st1]1 [-] tirer en bas, faire descendre, faire tomber.    - aliquem de rostris deducere: faire descendre qqn de la tribune aux harangues.    - crines pectine deducere, Ov. M. 4: passer le peigne dans les cheveux, se peigner.    - deducere barbam dextrā, Ov.: caresser sa barbe de la main droite.    - deducentia ramos pondere poma, Ov.: fruits dont le poids fait incliner les branches.    - deducere pedes de lecto, Plaut. Curc.: descendre du lit.    - deducere sinum ad crura ima, Suet.: baisser sa robe jusqu'au bas des jambes.    - deducere vestes a pectore, Ov.: découvrir la poitrine. [st1]2 [-] conduire, tirer de, détourner, faire sortir; faire venir, amener à; étendre.    - deducere aliquem ad aliquem: conduire qqn auprès de qqn.    - deducere aliquem in carcerem, Sall. C. 55: emmener qqn en prison.    - deducere aliquem in conspectum Caesaris, Caes. BC. 1: amener qqn devant César.    - deducere exercitum ex his regionibus, Caes. BG. 1: retirer l'armée de cette région.    - deducere milites ab opere, Caes.: rappeler les soldats de leurs travaux.    - deducere rivos, Virg.: détourner les ruisseaux de leur cours.    - aliquem de sententia deducere: faire changer qqn d’avis.    - deducere aliquem ad sententiam: amener qqn à son avis    - deducere aliquem vero: détourner qqn du vrai.    - deducere fortunam in aequum, Sen. Ep. 51: [ramener la fortune à son niveau]= traiter d'égal à égal avec la fortune.    - de fide aliquem deducere: détourner qqn de son devoir.    - de capite deducere aliquid: déduire qqch (une somme) du capital.    - deducere aliquem ad rhetorem: confier qqn au rhéteur    - res ad arma deducitur: on en vient aux armes.    - res huc deducitur ut: on aboutit à cette solution que. [st1]3 [-] tirer les vaisseaux de terre, mettre à la voile, prendre le large.    - deducere navem: mettre un navire à flot.    - deducere navem ex navalibus, Liv.: faire sortir un vaisseaux des chantiers.    - deducere naves littore, Virg.: retirer les navires du rivage.    - deducere navem in portum: relâcher dans un port. [st1]4 [-] emmener, accompagner (par honneur), faire cortège, escorter, conduire.    - deducere aliquem domo, Cic.: faire cortège à qqn au sortir de chez lui.    - deducere aliquem domum, Liv.: reconduire qqn chez lui.    - me quem luna solet deducere, Juv.: moi qui n'ai d'autre escorte que la lune.    - deducere virginem alicui (ad aliquem ou in domum alicujus): conduire une jeune fille chez son époux. [st1]5 [-] conduire à une école, confier à un tuteur; conduire (des colons); fonder une colonie.    - a patre deductus est ad Scaevolam, Cic.: il fut mis par son père à l'école de Scévola.    - deducere (colonos): [amener des colons] = fonder une colonie.    - triumvir coloniis deducendis, Sall.: triumvir chargé d'établir des colonies.    - qui initio deduxerant, Nep.: les fondateurs de la colonie. [st1]6 [-] retrancher, soustraire, déduire.    - addendo deducendoque, Cic.: en faisant l'addition et la soustraction.    - de capite deducite, quod usuris pernumeratum est, Liv. 6: déduisez du capital tout ce qui a été soldé par le paiement des intérêts.    - deducetur, Cato.: on fera une retenue. [st1]7 [-] détourner de, faire tomber dans, séduire, gagner.    - adolescentibus et oratione magistratus et praemio deductis, Caes. BG. 7: les jeunes gens séduits par le discours du magistrat et par une récompense. [st1]8 [-] retirer (d'un endroit), exproprier, évincer, déposséder, dépouiller.    - aliquem de fundo deducere, Cic.: dépouiller qqn de son bien.    - aliquem ex possessione deducere, Liv.: évincer qqn d'une propriété. [st1]9 [-] allonger, étendre, tirer le fil, filer; tisser, faire un tissu.    - deducere pollice filum, Ov.: dévider le fil avec le pouce.    - deducere filum: tirer le fil, filer. [st1]10 [-] tracer, dessiner; développer, traiter, composer, faire (des vers...).    - deducere versus: composer des vers.    - vetus in tela deducitur argumentum, Ov. M. 6: un sujet antique est tissé dans la toile.    - voir deductus
    * * *
        Deduco, deducis, pen. prod. deduxi, deductum, deducere. Virgil. Tirer et amener du hault en bas.
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        Deducere de rostris conantem concionari. Caes. Tirer hors, ou Jecter hors.
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        De capite et de oculis omnia deducet, et sanum faciet brassica. Cato. Attirera.
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        Deducere. Plin. Mener d'un lieu en autre.
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        Deducere. Cic. Convoyer aucun par honneur.
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        Frequentesque eum domum deduxerunt. Liu. L'ont convoyé, et luy ont faict compaignie jusques en sa maison.
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        Deduci et Reduci, contraria. Cic. Estre convoyé et Reconvoyé.
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        Domo deducere aliquem. Cic. Convoyer de la maison.
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        Deducere. Cic. Conduire, Mener.
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        Deducere adolescentem ad senem. Cic. Mener son fils à aucun grand personnage, et luy recommander, à ce qu'il luy plaise se laisser hanter par luy.
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        Deduci ad aliquam disciplinam. Cic. Estre mené à l'apprentissage de quelque science.
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        Deducere sponsam marito vel ad maritum, vel Amicam ad amantem. Cic. Ouid. Tibul. Mener l'espousee vers son mari à la forme ancienne.
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        Vxorem deducit maritus domum. Terent. Quand le mari la meine hors d'avec ses parens en sa maison: qui estoit anciennement l'accomplissement du mariage, sans lequel ils n'estimoyent qu'il y eust mariage.
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        Ex aliquo loco milites. Cic. Emmener.
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        De locis praesidia. Sallust. Cic. Oster et emmener les garnisons.
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        Aliquem in carcerem. Cic. Mener.
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        Neque legis improbissimae poena deductus est, quo minus amicitiae ius, officiumque praestaret. Cic. Il n'a point esté destourné ne diverti par la peine de la loy, qu'il n'ait faict, ou de faire office d'ami, ou de se monstrer vray ami.
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        Aquam ad vtilitatem agri deducere. Cic. Faire venir l'eaue de bien loing par tuyaulx.
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        Caesariem longae dextra deducere barbae. Ouid. Manier doulcement sa barbe en menant la main contre bas.
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        Deducere carbasa. Luc. Estendre les voiles d'un navire, Desployer.
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        Perpetuum deducere carmen. Ouid. Continuer.
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        Deductus ad casum extremum. Hirtius. Mis au plus grand danger qui soit.
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        Si in eum casum deducerentur. Caesar. S'ils tomboyent en cest inconvenient, S'ils estoyent amenez à ceste fortune.
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        Deducere causam in iudicium. Cic. Ramener par devant le juge un different qu'on ha.
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        Petebant enim ne se temere in causam deduceret. Liu. Qu'il ne les fist point entrer en ceste querelle.
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        Deducere aliquem ad Philodamum, et Collocare apud Philodamum, codem sensu dixit Cicero. Loger aucun en la maison de Philodamus, comme font les fourriers ou mareschaulx des logis. Vide Collocare aliquem apud hospitem, in COLLOCO.
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        Deducere cibum. Terent. Soubtraire la viande, En bailler moins, Retrencher les morceaulx, Diminuer la pitance.
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        Deducere aliquem ad cibum. Cels. Luy faire venir l'appetit de manger.
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        Deduci spe ad aliquam cogitationem. Cic. Quand espoir nous conduit ou induit à penser quelque chose.
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        Deducta res in controuersiam. Caes. Mise en different et debat.
    \
        Crimen deducis ad oculos. Ouid. Tu fais ta meschanceté devant mes yeulx.
    \
        Deducere plerosque dies. Cic. Continuer plusieurs journees en disputant, Entretenir et continuer la disputation par plusieurs journees.
    \
        Deduci a dolore. Cic. Estre amené et contrainct par douleur à confesser choses toutes contraires à celles qu'on disoit au paravant.
    \
        Deducere fastidium dicitur herba aliqua. Plin. Faire en aller le desgoustement, Faire revenir l'appetit.
    \
        AEgroto domini deduxit corpore febres. Horat. Il a osté la fievre.
    \
        Cuius diuitiae me de fide deducere non potuissent. Cic. Ne m'eussent sceu faire faulser ma foy.
    \
        Deducere fila. Plin. Tirer et continuer son fil, Filer.
    \
        Deduci in fraudem. Plancus ad Ciceronem. Tomber en quelque inconvenient, et y estre mené par la mauvaistié d'autruy.
    \
        Moribus aliquem de fundo deducere. Cic. Le mettre hors d'aucun heritage, sans force, à la facon accoustumee anciennement entre gens qui estoyent en different sur la possession: et partant vouloyent venir à l'interdict possessoire: auquel estoit preallable que l'un mist hors l'autre du lieu contentieux, à celle fin que celuy qui seroit mis hors, veint demander au Preteur estre remis et restitué en sa terre et possession.
    \
        Deducere funus. Plin. Convoyer.
    \
        Deducere sibi galerum velpileolum. Sueton. Soy deffuler.
    \
        Deducere ab humanitate, integritate, et religione aliquem. Cic. Retirer.
    \
        Deduci ad iudicium aliquod. Cic. Estre mené à quelque jugement pour porter tesmoignage.
    \
        Deducere rem aliquam in iudicium. Cic. Contester cause sur quelque different.
    \
        Deduci in ius. Cic. Estre mené en justice.
    \
        Lineamenta deducere. Senec. Pourtraire, Tirer les traicts du visage.
    \
        Litem. Columel. Oster le debat et different.
    \
        Maiestatem diuinae solertiae. Cic. Abbaisser.
    \
        Deduci periculo de animi lenitate. Cic. Venir à estre cruel.
    \
        Deduci ad morem patris. Cic. Estre conduict à estre de semblables meurs que le pere, à resembler au pere.
    \
        Deducere in obligationem. Paulus. Obliger.
    \
        Opus deduxi in tua tempora. Ouid. J'ay continué et mené.
    \
        Deducere rem aliquam ad otium. Caesar. L'accorder et appaiser.
    \
        Pedes de lecto. Plaut. Tirer hors.
    \
        Deducere in periculum rem aliquam. Caesar. Mettre en danger.
    \
        De prauitate animi aliquem deducere. Cic. Retirer, Destourner, Divertir.
    \
        De prouincia deduci. Cic. Estre rappelé, ou revoqué.
    \
        Rationem deducere. Sueton. Compter.
    \
        Deducere aliquem ex regno. Hirt. Jecter et chasser hors de son royaume.
    \
        Ab eo deduci non potest. Cic. On ne luy scauroit mettre cela hors de la teste, ou fantasie, On ne l'en peult destourner.
    \
        Rem huc deduxi vt, etc. Cic. J'ay tant faict, que, etc.
    \
        Deducta eo res est. Cic. La chose est menee et conduicte à ce poinct.
    \
        Deducere riuos. Virgil. Mener et conduire l'eaue de la fontaine par petits ruisseaulx.
    \
        Sensum deducere membris. Lucret. Oster le sentiment aux membres.
    \
        Deducere aliquem de sententia. Cic. Destourner et divertir de son opinion.
    \
        Deducere aliquem in sententiam. Plin. iunior. L'amener à quelque opinion.
    \
        Deducere aliquem de statu vitae. Cic. Faire tant qu'on le tire hors de son propos, et qu'on luy face faire chose contraire à ce qu'il avoit accoustumé, Le desvoyer.
    \
        Perterritos a timore deducere. Cic. Oster la paour.
    \
        Vela deducere. Ouid. Desployer, Estendre, Desvelopper.
    \
        Deducere vestes a pectore. Ouidius. Descouvrir sa poictrine, Oster les habillements de devant la poictrine.
    \
        Deducere aliquem in viam. Cic. Le mettre en la voye, L'addresser au chemin, L'avoyer, L'acheminer.
    \
        Deducere vocem. Pomponius. Agreslir, Amenuiser, Parler cler et greslement, comme une femme.
    \
        Deducere. Africanus. Cic. Deduire et rabatre d'une somme, Diminuer.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > deduco

  • 19 periculum

    perīculum, ī n. [одного корня с experimentum ]
    1) проба, попытка, опыт
    p. facere alicujus rei C — испытать что-л., познакомиться с чем-л. (на опыте)
    p. facere alicujus C — померяться с кем-л. (силами)
    2) опасность, риск
    numquam p. sine periclo vincĭtur PS — ни одной опасности нельзя преодолеть, не подвергаясь (при этом) опасности
    p. facere alicujus rei L — рисковать сделать что-л. (осмеливаться на что-л.)
    periculo alicujus Ter, C, Cs — с опасностью для кого-л.
    bono periculo p. facere Ap — ничем, в сущности, не рисковать
    p. adire C etc. (obire, subire, suscipere C) или in p. vocari (venire) Cподвергаться опасности
    p. conservandae existimationis adire Apрисковать своей репутацией
    p. capitis Ter, C и p. vitae Csопасность для жизни
    p. alicui facessere T — вчинить кому-л. иск
    5) ритор. рискованный оборот, вычурность (p. in enuntiatione Q)
    6) гибель, разрушение (tremefacta usque ad periculum civitas Eccl)
    7) обострение, пароксизм (sc. morbi PM)

    Латинско-русский словарь > periculum

  • 20 contra

    contrā, adv. and prep. [stem con, i. e. cum, through a comparative form conter; cf.: alter, uter, inter, praeter, etc.; in abl. fem. form like the locative adverbs ea, qua, etc.; cf.: ultra, intra, extra, citra], orig., in comparison with; hence, over against, fronting, in front, opposite, in opposition to, against, contrary to, opposed to, etc.
    I.
    Adv. (referring to an opposed object often with the force of a preposition with ellipsis of a pronoun, = against it, against him, etc.).
    A.
    Local.
    1.
    Lit., of position in front of a person, place, or thing.
    a.
    With verb of being or position expressed or understood.
    (α).
    Referring to living beings, opposite, in face of, face to face, facing, in front of, fronting, confronting (not in Cic., Caes., or Sall.):

    feminam scelestam te, adstans contra, contuor,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 26:

    ut confidenter mihi contra adstitit,

    id. Capt. 3, 5, 6; Lucr. 4, 223; 6, 929:

    signum contra, quoad longissume oculi ferebant, animo finivit,

    Liv. 1, 18, 8:

    stat contra starique jubet,

    Juv. 3, 290:

    stat contra dicitque tibi tua pagina Fures!

    Mart. 1, 55, 12:

    ulmus erat contra,

    in front of her, Ov. M. 14, 661:

    templa vides contra,

    in front (of us), id. ib. 7, 587.—Of position in front of the enemy:

    contra conserta manu,

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 3: contra consistere, to make front against them, Caes. B. G. 2, 17.—
    (β).
    Referring to things and places, over against (it), opposite (to it), on the opposite side (mostly post-Aug.):

    contra jacet Cancer patulam distentus in alvum,

    Manil. 2, 253:

    posita contra Hispania,

    Tac. Agr. 11:

    promuntorium quod contra procedit,

    Plin. 4, 2, 3, § 6: relinquendae autem contra erunt vacuae tabellae, on the opposite side, i. e. of the leaf, Quint. 10, 3, 32: illo quaerente cur non decidant contra siti, the antipodes (cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; v. II. A. 1. c. a), Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161.—With the governing verb understood:

    arguam hanc vidisse apud te contra conservum meum,

    face to face, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 91:

    jam omnia contra circaque hostium plena erant, Liv 5, 37, 8: eadem verba contra (i. e. ponuntur),

    side by side, Quint. 9, 3, 36; Verg. A. 6, 23.—
    b.
    With verbs of motion, so as to be opposite to an object or face to face with a person, variously rendered.
    (α).
    Referring to persons:

    accede ad me atque adi contra,

    come right up to me, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 23; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 6: hostes crebri cadunt; nostri contra ingruunt, advance to their front (in Plaut. hostility is not implied in contra), id. Am. 1, 1, 84: quis nos pater aut cognatu' volet contra tueri, face to face, eye to eye, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 12 Mull. (Trag. Rel. v. 444 Rib.); Att. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 55 (Trag. Rel. v. 538 ib.):

    adspicedum contra me = contra adspice me,

    Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 56 Lorenz ad lec.:

    contra adspicere,

    id. Mil. 2, 1, 45:

    contra intueri,

    Liv. 1, 16, 6; 9, 6, 8; Sen. Q. N. 1, 3, 6:

    cum veniret contra Marcianus,

    Quint. 6, 3, 95; Plin. 9, 46, 70, § 152.—
    (β).
    Of things:

    hic ubi sol radiis... Adversa fulsit nimborum aspergine contra,

    Lucr. 6, 525; Cels. 8, 8, 1:

    quam (turrim) promoti contra validi asseres... perfregere,

    Tac. H. 4, 30.—Reciprocally: oscula non pervenientia contra, not coming through (the wall) so as to meet, Ov. M. 4, 80.—
    2.
    Transf. to equivalents of weight, value, and price; so,
    (α).
    In Plaut. only in the colloq. phrases auro contra, aurichalco contra, and contra auro (sc. posito); lit., for gold placed against; cf.:

    aes contrarium, s. v. contrarius: (servus) non carus'st auro contra,

    at his weight in gold, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30: jam auro contra constat filius, id. Truc. 2, 6, 57 (Speng. aurichalco): auro contra cedo modestum amatorem! A me aurum accipe. Pa. Cedo mihi contra aurichalco quoi ego sano serviam, id. Curc. 1, 3, 45 sq.; id. Mil. 3, 1, 63; 4, 2, 85; id. Ps. 2, 3, 23.—
    (β).
    In post-Aug. prose (very rare):

    at si aquae et ejus rei quam contra pensabis par pondus erit, nec pessum ibit, nec exstabit, etc.,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—
    3.
    Of reciprocal actions, = vicissim, in turn, in return, back, on my, his, etc., part, likewise, counter-.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    te ut deludam contra, lusorem meum,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 71:

    quae me amat, quam ego contra amo,

    id. Merc. 5. 2, 77; id. Cist. 1, 1, 96; id. Trin. 4, 2, 55; id. As. 2, 2, 110:

    qui arguat se, eum contra vincat jurejurando suo,

    make a victorious counter-charge, id. Mil. 2, 2, 37:

    si laudabit haec Illius formam, tu hujus contra (i. e. lauda),

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 54:

    audi nunc contra jam,

    listen in turn, id. Phorm. 4, 4, 18; id. Ad. 5, 4, 23:

    at tu mihi contra nunc videre fortunatus, Phaedria, Cui, etc.,

    you likewise seem fortunate to me, id. Phorm. 1, 3, 21:

    Mettius Tullo gratulatur, contra Tullus Mettium benigne alloquitur,

    Liv. 1, 28, 1:

    contra ut me diligat illa,

    Cat. 76. 23; Hor. S. 1, 3, 27 Orell. ad loc.—Hence, with ellipsis of inquit, = respondit:

    cui latrans contra senex,

    Phaedr. 5, 10, 7:

    scietis, inquam, etc., contra Nigrinus: ad quem missi sunt? ego, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 6, 4.—

    Rarely with inquit, etc., expressed: at ille contra, renidens, Audi, inquit, discipule, etc.,

    Gell. 15, 9, 9; cf.:

    contra talia reddit,

    Claud. B. Gild. 379.—
    (β).
    With dat. pers.:

    consulo quem dolum doloso contra conservo parem,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 45:

    facere contra huic aegre,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 10:

    hiscine contra insidiabere?

    id. Hec. 1. 1, 13:

    tibi contra gratiam Referre,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 7.—
    (γ).
    With item:

    item a me contra factum est,

    Plaut. Aul. prol. 20:

    puellam senex Amat et item contra filius,

    id. Cas. prol. 49; id. Pers. 5, 2, 36; id. Am. 1, 1, 67; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 25.—
    (δ).
    Combining a reciprocal with a local relation (A. 1. a. a, and b. a): contra carinantes verba, exchanging abusive words ( face to face), Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 8, 361 (Ann. v. 181 Vahl.): tubae utrimque contra canunt;

    Consonat terra,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 73; 1, 1, 86:

    confer gradum Contra pariter,

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 18; id. Truc. 1, 2, 28:

    video amicam... Ubi contra adspexit me, etc.,

    id. Mil. 2, 1, 45; Verg. E. 7, 8; cf. Lucr. 4, 243:

    vesper adest, juvenes consurgite!... Cernitis, innuptae, juvenes? consurgite contra!

    Cat. 62, 6.—
    (ε).
    Implying also opposition: Pe. Conpellabo. Ph. Orationis aciem contra conferam, Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 20:

    si scias quod donum huic dono contra comparet,

    what counter gift, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 63: quod Scipio postulavit... ut, etc. Et quod contra collega postulavit ne, etc., Annal. Trib. Pleb. ap. Gell. 7 (6), 19, 5:

    si vobis aequa et honesta postulatio videtur, ego contra brevem postulationem adfero,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 7; Nep. Epam. 6, 1;

    Auct. B. Alex. 24: illo licente contra liceri audeat nemo,

    to bid in opposition, Caes. B. G. 1, 18; Liv. 4, 53, 6:

    agedum pauca accipe contra,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 38.—So in battle:

    Numidae... Romanorum ordines conturbare... neque contra feriundi copia erat,

    Sall. J. 50, 4; and in law: et ab eo is qui adoptat vindicat... et illo contra non vindicante, etc., Gai Inst. 1, 134; 2, 24.—Esp. in replies:

    oratio contra a Demosthene pro Ctesiphonte edita,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 56, 213:

    dicit accusator haec: primum, etc.... quid contra reus?

    id. Clu. 30, 81; id. Fin. 5, 22, 63; Curt. 4, 1, 10; 7, 9, 1.
    B.
    Of opposition, strife, etc., against; constr. absol., with dat., and ne, quominus or quin.
    1.
    Of physical exertion.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    concurrunt... aetheriae nubes contra pugnantibu' ventis,

    struggling against each other, Lucr. 6. 98:

    nec nos obniti contra... Sufficimus,

    bear up, battle against, Verg. A. 5, 21; Ov. M. 9, 50; 2, 434:

    at ille contra nititur,

    resists, Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 103; 7, 20, 19, § 82:

    pars remigum, tamquam imperitia... officia nautarum impediebant. Mox contra tendere,

    rowed in an opposite direction, Tac. H. 4, 16.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    te rogo ne contrahas ac demittas animum, neque te obrui tamquam fluctu... sinas, contraque erigas ac resistas,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4:

    et torrens judicem vel nitentem contra feret, cogatque ire qua rapiet,

    Quint. 12, 10, 61.— With ne: vi contra niti, ne advorsus eum fiat, Cato ap. Gell. 7 (6), 3, 16.—With quominus, Lucr. 1, 780.—
    2.
    Of mental exertion:

    si tibi vera videntur, Dede manus, aut, si falsum est, accingere contra,

    arm yourself against them, Lucr. 2, 1043; 2, 280. —With dat.:

    siti contra... pugnandum,

    Cels. 4, 2 fin.
    3.
    Of hostile opposition in gen.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    quod animadversum est in eo qui contra omni ratione pugnarunt, non debeo reprehendere,

    who made opposition in every way, Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137; id. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107:

    contra etiam aliquid abs te profectum ex multis audivi,

    something inimical, id. Fam. 5, 5, 2.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    aut alio quovis (sc. colore) qui contra pugnet et obstet,

    Lucr. 2, 794; 2, 868.—
    4.
    Of warfare.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    ut eos adversarios existimemus qui arma contra ferant,

    Cic. Off. 1, 25, 87; 1, 12, 37; Vell. 2, 28, 4; cf.:

    quid quod exercitum contra duxit?

    Auct. Her. 4, 16, 23:

    ut si qua ex parte obviam contra veniretur, acie instructa depugnarent,

    if they should be attacked by an open charge, Caes. B. G. 7, 28:

    issentque confestim ad urbem ni venire contra exercitum... audissent,

    Liv. 7, 39, 17:

    cum Romanae legiones contra direxerint,

    would oppose their march, Tac. H. 4, 58; id. A. 6, 44.—With dat.:

    et huic contra itum ad amnem Erinden,

    Tac. A. 11, 10.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    quod ubi viderunt corvi, contra auxiliantur, velut adversus communem hostem,

    Plin. 10, 74, 95, § 205.—
    5.
    Of legal contests.
    (α).
    With verbs of saying; v. 9. a.—
    (β).
    Venire contra, of any legal act with the intention to hurt the adversary:

    quid? si omnium mortalium Sthenio nemo inimicior quam hic C. Claudius... fuit? si de litteris corruptis contra venit, etc.?

    if he made a charge of forgery against him? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107; cf. II. B. c. b.—
    (γ).
    On the part of the adversary:

    inveniendum contra est, quo distet haec causa a ceteris,

    Quint. 5, 10, 114; 9, 2, 35; 12, 8, 10.—
    (δ).
    Of judgments against the parties or against opinions:

    ne spoliaret fama probatum hominem si contra judicasset,

    given an adverse decision, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77; cf. Val. Max. 7, 2, 4; Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—
    6.
    Of literary opposition.
    (α).
    Mostly with verbs of saying; v. 9. a. g.—
    (β).
    With other verbs:

    astrologorum artem contra convincere tendit,

    Lucr. 5, 728:

    contra nunc illud pone, etc.,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 14, 6:

    habeat (liber meus) etiam quosdam qui contra sentiant et adversentur,

    some dissentients and opponents, Quint. 3, 1, 5; 2, 17, 40; 3, 8, 69.—
    7.
    Of public and political opposition.
    (α).
    With verbs of saying; v. 9. a. d.—
    (β).
    With petere, to be a candidate for office in opposition to another:

    nihil enim supererat de quo certarent, nihil quod contra peterent,

    no office was left for which to canvass against each other, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91:

    honores contra petere,

    Quint. 6, 1, 17.—With ire, with dat., of an opposing vote in the senate (cf.:

    pedibus ire): sententia Cassii ut nemo unus contra ire ausus est, ita dissonae voces respondebant,

    Tac. A. 14, 45.—
    8.
    Of violation of law, contracts, etc.: contra facere, or contra committere, to violate, transgress a law, etc.: leges esse non ex ejus qui contra commiserit utilitate, spectari oportere, not in the interest of the transgressor, Cic. Inv. 2, 48, 153:

    si quis sub hoc pacto vendiderit ancillam ne prostitueretur, et si contra factum esset,

    and if the contract was violated, Dig. 18, 1, 56.—
    9.
    With verbs of saying, etc., contra dicere; less freq. disputare, disserere, pugnare, in the sense of dicere, and contra scribere (often contradico, in one word, in post-Aug. writers; esp. with dat.).
    a.
    Absol.
    (α).
    Contra dicere, to speak as counsel of the adversary, to plead his cause, in legal proceedings:

    cum contra dicturus Hortensius esset,

    would speak on the other side, Cic. Quint. 24, 77:

    hoc... contra dicente Cotta judicatum est,

    id. Caecin. 33, 97:

    dixisse ut contra nemo videretur,

    id. Brut. 53, 198: ut contra Crassus... exorsus est, began on the other side, id. ib. § 197.—Hence: qui contra dicit, the adversary or counsel of the adversary:

    contra autem qui dicet, similitudinem infirmare debebit,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 151; id. Part. Or. 21, 108.—In the same sense: agens contra: si nos... impares agentium contra ingeniis dixerimus, that we are unequal to the talents of our adversary's counsel, [p. 453] Quint. 4, 1, 8.—
    (β).
    To make charges against (rare):

    si qui contra vellet dicere, usurum esse eum suo testimonio,

    Cic. Clu. 48, 134:

    qua ratione nemo neque tum item fecerit, neque nunc contra dicat,

    id. Quint. 29, 88; so,

    contra disputare, of objections to or against a witness: nihil contra disputabo priusquam dixerit,

    id. Fl. 21, 51.—
    (γ).
    In gen., to speak on the other side of a question:

    fiebat autem ita, ut cum is qui audire vellet dixisset quid sibi videretur, tum ego contra dicerem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; id. Fin. 2, 1, 2; so,

    contra disputare and contra scribere,

    id. Or. 1, 19, 85; Vitr. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 2, 17, 13; Dig. 9, 2, 21, § 1.—Hence: qui contra dicunt or disputant, the opponents:

    nec qui contra dicunt causam difficilem repellunt,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 2:

    ad coarguendos qui contra disputant,

    to refule his opponents, Quint. 2, 15, 26.—
    (δ).
    To oppose or object to a proposition, motion, or petition:

    quam palam principes dixerunt contra!

    protested against it, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 41; Caes. B. C. 1, 32; Cic. Clu. 47, 130.—With pugnare:

    cum decerneretur frequenti senatu, contra pugnante Pisone, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5:

    filius ejus incolumitatem optat: contradicit pater,

    the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 85; 9, 2, 83; Plin. ap. Gell. 9, 16, 5; Cic. Dom. 33, 87:

    contradicente nullo,

    Suet. Caes. 20; Dig. 3, 3, 15.—
    (ε).
    To reply:

    contradixit edicto,

    answered by an edict, Suet. Aug. 56. —
    (ζ).
    Abl. absol. impers.:

    explorandum videtur an etiam contradicto aliquando judicio consuetudo firmata sit,

    whether the custom has been confirmed by judgment upon a judicial contest, Dig. 1, 3, 34.—
    b.
    With acc. neutr. pron., to object, to make or raise an objection, to reply; esp. in legal proceedings:

    ego enim, te disputante, quid contra dicerem meditabar,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 1:

    ut contra si quid dicere velit non audiatur,

    id. Fin. 5, 10, 27:

    aiebat illum primo sane diu multa contra (i. e. dixisse), ad extremum autem, etc.,

    id. Att. 2, 22, 2.— Hence: quod contra dicitur, or quae contra dicuntur, the objections:

    ut et id quod intenderemus confirmare, et id quod contra diceretur refellere (possemus),

    refute the objections, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 90:

    quia neque reprehendi quae contra dicuntur possunt, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 81, 331; id. Inv. 2, 44, 127; Quint. 1, 2, 17.—In the same sense, as subst.: contrā dicta, orum, n. plur.:

    seu proposita confirmamus, sive contra dicta dissolvimus,

    or refute the objections, Quint. 4, prooem. 6.—With acc. and inf.:

    dicitur contra, nullum esse testamentum,

    the objection is made that there is no testament, Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 42.—
    c.
    With dat., written in one word (post-Aug.).
    (α).
    To oppose a person by speaking against his views:

    solitum se etiam Thraseae contradicere,

    to oppose even Thrasea, Tac. H. 2, 91:

    tibi,

    Suet. Aug. 54:

    Curioni...,

    id. Rhet. 1. —Hence of answers and replies in law: quid si filium testatoris heres ejus prohibuit? Huic contradici potest: ergo pietatis, etc., he may be answered by this plea, etc., Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—And of advisory answers opposed to one's legal views:

    volenti mihi ream adulterii postulare eam, etc., contradictum est,

    my views were disapproved, rejected, Dig. 48, 5, 11, § 10.—
    (β).
    To oppose an opinion, with dat. of the thing:

    cum plures tantum sententiis aliorum contradicerent,

    opposed the opinions, Tac. H. 1, 39.—
    (γ).
    To object to a motion or petition, with dat. of the petitioner:

    patrem qui damnavit optat ne is torqueatur: pater ei contradicit,

    the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 81:

    cum ambienti ut legibus solveretur multi contradicerent,

    Suet. Caes. 18; Dig. 40, 5, 14; 40, 12, 33.—
    (δ).
    With dat. of the petition:

    preces erant, sed quibus contradici non posset,

    which could not be denied, Tac. H. 4, 46 fin.; Dig. 3, 1, 1, § 2.—
    (ε).
    To contest the validity of a law (rare):

    quibus (legibus) contradici potest,

    Quint. 7, 7, 4.—
    (ζ).
    To contradict an assertion (very rare):

    pro certis autem habemus... cuicunque adversarius non contradicit,

    Quint. 5, 10, 13.—
    d.
    With quin, to object:

    praetor Samnitibus respondit... nec contra dici quin amicitia de integro reconcilietur,

    there was no objection to a reconciliation, Liv. 8, 2, 2.
    C.
    To one's disadvantage; mostly predic. with esse, unfavorable, adverse, damaging (post-Aug.;

    but cf. II. B. 2.): ut eum qui responsurus est vel tacere, vel etiam invitum id quod sit contra cogat fateri,

    Quint. 7, 3, 14:

    cum verba (legis) contra sint,

    id. 7, 1, 49:

    sed experimentum contra fuit,

    unsuccessful, Tac. H. 2, 97 fin.:

    ubi fortuna contra fuit,

    id. ib. 3, 18:

    si fortuna contra daret,

    should be unfavorable, id. ib. 1, 65 fin.; id. A. 15, 13.
    D.
    Of logical opposition, with negative force.
    1.
    Of a direct contrast.
    a.
    Predicatively, with esse, fieri, etc., the contrary, the opposite:

    quod fieri totum contra manifesta docet res,

    but experience teaches that just the contrary is true, Lucr. 3, 686; 4, 1088:

    in stultitia contra est,

    with fools the reverse is true, Cic. Clu. 31, 84:

    in hac quidem re vereor ne etiam contra (i. e. sit),

    id. Att. 12, 46; id. Off. 1, 15, 49:

    quod contra est,

    Sall. J. 85, 21:

    quis non credat, etc.? Contra autem est,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 12; id. Ep. 7, 3; Dig. 37, 4, 4:

    contra fore si, etc.,

    ib. 34, 2, 39, § 2:

    immo forsitan et contra (i. e. erit),

    ib. 41, 3, 49:

    ego contra puto (i. e. esse),

    Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 7; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 25.—
    b.
    With evenire, accidere, sentire, scribere, habere, etc.:

    utrumque contra accidit: istic enim bellum est exortum, hic pax consecuta,

    of both the contrary has happened, Cic. Fam. 12, 18, 2; so Dig. 38, 2, 51:

    id ego contra puto (sc.: faciendum esse),

    id. Att. 10, 8, 2:

    contra evenit in iis morbis,

    Sen. Ep. 52, 7; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 163:

    ego contra sentio,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 15, 5; Sedig. ap. Gell. 15, 24, 4; Dig. 40, 2, 25:

    Proculus contra (sc. sentit),

    ib. 35, 2, 1, § 14; 33, 7, 25:

    licet Celsus contra scribat,

    ib. 9, 2, 21, § 1: contra probatur, Gai Inst. 2, 78; Dig. 33, 7, 12, § 34.—Very rarely referring to a term in the same clause:

    cujus disparem mitioremque naturam contra interpretabatur,

    interpreted in an opposite sense, misinterpreted, misunderstood, Tac. H. 4, 86 fin.
    c.
    Referring to a word or phrase in the same predicate.
    (α).
    To an adverb, in an opposite manner, otherwise, differently, not, etc.:

    nam ad summam totius rei pertinet, caute an contra demonstrata res sit,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 81, 330: quod viriliter animoque fit, id, etc.;

    quod contra, id turpe,

    id. Off. 1, 27, 94:

    sit sapienter usus aut contra,

    Quint. 2, 5, 15:

    lactuca locis apricis optume autumno ponitur, mediterraneis aut frigidis contra ( = pessime),

    Col. 11, 3, 25.—
    (β).
    To a predicative adjective, not, the opposite, the reverse, etc.:

    ut aliae (res) probabiles videantur aliae contra,

    improbable, Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 103; id. Off. 2, 2, 7:

    quid est quod me impediat ea quae probabilia mihi videantur sequi, quae contra, improbare,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 8; id. Or. 2, 31, 135; Quint. 4, 2, 52.—
    (γ).
    To a verbal predicate:

    an frater fratri exsistat heres, an contra ( = annon),

    Dig. 34, 5, 19.—
    (δ).
    To a subject infinitive:

    laudare testem vel contra pertinet ad momentum judiciorum,

    praising or censuring a witness, Quint. 3, 7, 2.—
    (ε).
    To a clause, translated by not or by a repetition of the clause with a negative:

    quae secundum naturam essent, ea sumenda et quadam aestimatione dignanda docebat, contraque contraria,

    those that were not, not, Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 36: quod cuidam aut sapiens videor quod una non jerim, aut felix fuisse;

    mihi contra,

    id. Att. 9, 12, 4: an credibile est, incestum cum filia commissum? Et contra, veneficum in noverca, adulterum in luxurioso? and incredible, etc., Quint. 5, 10, 19; so Dig. 9, 1, 2, § 1.—
    (ζ).
    To an attributive genitive:

    Marius cognoscere quid boni utrisque or contra esset (i. e. mali),

    Sall. J. 88, 2:

    verum de origine laudis contraque perspiciemus suo tempore (i. e. vituperationis),

    Quint. 2, 4, 21:

    alii a propositione accusatoris contraque loci oriuntur,

    the accuser and the accused, id. 7, 2, 31;

    so in several titles of the Digests, as Depositi vel contra, = actio depositi, vel contraria actio depositarii,

    Dig. 16, 3 tit.; so ib. 16, 17, 1; 16, 13, 6; 16, 13, 7.—
    2.
    Reversing the relation of terms in the preceding sentence, the reverse, conversely, vice versa, etc.
    a.
    With its own predicate: saepe... corpus aegret, Cum tamen ex alia laetamur parte latenti;

    Et retro fit uti contra sit saepe vicissim, Cum miser ex animo laetatur corpore toto,

    Lucr. 3, 108: illa altera argumentatio, quasi retro et contra, prius sumit, etc., ( proceeding), so to speak, backward and in inverted order, Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46: neque illud ignoro, etc.; sed non idem accidit contra, but the converse is not true, Quint. 8, 6, 3; Gell. 4, 2, 5: ut vocabula verbis, verba rursus adverbiis, nomina appositis et pronominibus essent priora. Nam fit contra quoque frequenter non indecore. for often, not inelegantly, the order is reversed, Quint. 9, 4, 24:

    quae etiam contra valent,

    i. e. if the terms are reversed, id. 3, 7, 25; 9, 2, 49; 8, 6, 25; 9, 4, 72.—
    b.
    Belonging to the same predicate:

    ut quidque erit dicendum ita dicet, nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute, nec item contra,

    Cic. Or. 36, 123:

    cum emtor venditori, vel contra, heres exstitit,

    Dig. 35, 2, 48:

    in quibus patrium pro possessivo dicitur, vel contra,

    Quint. 1, 5, 45; 5, 10, 71:

    junguntur autem aut ex nostro et peregrino, ut biclinium, aut contra, ut epitogium et Anticato,

    id. 1, 5, 68:

    ut capras in montosis potius locis quam in herbidis (pascar), equas contra,

    but with mares the reverse is the case, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 16:

    itaque ille dicere melius quam praecipere, nos contra fortasse possumus,

    Cic. Or. 42, 143:

    qua collegi solent ex his quae faciunt ea quae faciuntur, aut contra,

    or vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 80; Dig. 14, 1, 1, § 12; 48, 5, 23, § 4.
    E.
    In logical antithesis of clauses with a merely rhet. force, on the contrary, on the other hand, vice versa; sometimes almost = sed or autem (freq.).
    1.
    In independent clauses.
    a.
    Opposing persons or parties: fortunam insanam esse... perhibent philosophi... Sunt autem alii philosophi qui contra Fortunam negant ullam exstare, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Rel. v. 372 Rib.); Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68; Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 1:

    ego etiam quae tu sine Verre commisisti Verri crimini daturus sum... Tu, contra, ne quae ille quidem fecit, obicies,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 11, 35:

    ego contra ostendo, non modo nihil fecisse Sex. Roscium, sed, etc.,

    id. Rosc. Am. 29, 79; id. Phil. 8, 3, 8; id. Off. 1, 30, 108; id. Fin. 5, 22, 62:

    in Italia bellum gerimus, in sede ac solo nostro... Hannibal contra in aliena, in hostili est terra,

    Liv. 22, 39, 13; 21, 50, 2; 3, 15, 2; 6, 7, 4; 9, 35, 4 et saep.; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; Vell. 2, 31, 4; Sen. Ep. 9, 14; id. Ira, 2, 33, 6; Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 113; Tac. H. 3, 84; 3, 57; Suet. Tib. 2; id. Vit. 2; Just. 2, 1, 10; 8, 4, 11:

    contra mercator, navim jactantibus austris Militia est potior?

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 6; 1, 2, 30; 1, 3, 27; Prop. 2, 1, 45; 2, 23, 13 (3, 17, 3); Sen. Hippol. 214;

    so with versa vice: barbarae gentes (Alexandrum) non ut hostem, sed ut parentem luxerunt... Contra Macedones versa vice non ut civem, sed ut hostem amissum gaudebant,

    Just. 13, 1, 7.—
    b.
    Introducing a secondary or parallel opposition of thought: in loco umidiore far potius serunt quam triticum;

    contra in aridiore hordeum potius quam far,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; 1, 1, 47: si nihil esset quod inane vocaret, Omne foret solidum;

    nisi contra corpora certe Essent, etc., Omne quod est spatium vacuum constaret inane,

    Lucr. 1, 521; 4, 348; cf.:

    justa omnia decora sunt, injusta contra, ut turpia, sic indecora,

    Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94; id. N. D. 2, 15, 41; id. de Or. 3, 33, 136; id. Quint. 30, 93: id. Off. 3, 21, 84; id. Leg. 2, 1, 2: facilem esse rem... si modo unum omnes sentiant; contra in dissensione nullam se salutem perspicere, Caes. B. G, 5, 31; Liv. 25, 30, 3; Sen. Ben. 1, 5, 2; Plin. 12, 19, 42, § 92; 11, 14, 14, § 35; Suet. Caes. 73; Gell. 1, 4, 5:

    si male rem gerere insani est, contra bene, sani,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 74.—
    2.
    In opposition to a dependent clause:

    ut hi miseri, sic contra illi beati quos, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16; so id. de Or. 1, 45, 198; Quint. 9, 3, 39:

    cui ego rei tantum abest ut impedimento sim, ut contra te M. Manli adhorter, etc.,

    Liv. 6, 15, 5; 6, 31, 4:

    cum virtus adeo neminem spe ac pollicitatione corrumpat, ut contra in se inpendere jubeat, ac, etc.,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 1, 2: aut igitur negemus quidquam ratione confici, cum contra nihil sine ratione recte fieri possit, aut, etc., whereas on the contrary, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 38, 84; cf.:

    at contra,

    Lucr. 2, 392.—
    3.
    With co-ordinate conjunctions.
    a.
    Copulative, et contra or contraque (never with ac or atque); also nec contra (rare), and on the other hand.
    (α).
    With reference to a reason or conclusion, after nam, enim, cum, or itaque: nam et ratione uti... omnique in re quid sit veri videre et tueri decet, contraque falli [p. 454]... tam dedecet quam, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94:

    malus est enim custos... metus, contraque benevolentia fidelis,

    id. ib. 2, 7, 23:

    cum reficiat animos varietas ipsa, contraque sit aliquanto difficilius in labore uno perseverare,

    Quint. 1, 12, 4; 3, 8, 32; 8, 6, 20:

    itaque in probris maxime in promptu est, si quid tale dici potest, etc. Contraque in laudibus, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; cf. Suet. Calig. 51; so with nec:

    nam nec comoedia cothurnis assurgit, nec contra tragoedia socculo ingreditur,

    Quint. 10, 2, 22.—
    (β).
    With contrasted examples or illustrations, often after ut or sic:

    audivi ex majoribus natu, hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasica, contraque patrem ejus... nullam comitatem habuisse sermonis,

    Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:

    ut suspitionibus credi oportere, et contra suspitionibus credi non oportere,

    id. Inv. 2, 15, 48; Quint. 8, 4, 1; 5, 10, 48; 9, 3, 7; 9, 4, 52; 11, 1, 14; Sen. Ep. 82, 14; Dig. 17, 1, 22, § 4.—
    (γ).
    With contrasted actions, assumptions, etc.:

    atque utinam qui ubique sunt propugnatores hujus imperii possent in hanc civitatem venire, et contra oppugnatores rei publicae de civitate exterminari!

    Cic. Balb. 22, 51:

    domo pignori data, et area ejus tenebitur... et contra jus soli sequitur aedificium,

    Dig. 13, 7, 21:

    equo et asina genitos mares, hinnos antiqui vocabant: contraque mulos quos asini et equae generassent,

    Plin. 8, 44, 69, § 17: ceterum potest ex lege quidem esse judicium, sed legitimum non esse, et contra ex lege non esse, sed legitimum esse, Gai Inst. 4, 109; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161; 35, 15, 5, § 183.—
    (δ).
    After a negative clause, affirming the opposite idea, et contra or contraque, but on the contrary:

    in quo (consulatu) ego imperavi nihil, et contra patribus conscriptis et bonis omnibus parui,

    Cic. Sull. 7, 21:

    nunc vero cum ne pulsus quidem ita sim ut superare non possim, contraque a populo Romano semper sim defensus, etc.,

    id. Dom. 33, 88; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Marcell. 6, 20; so,

    et contra,

    Suet. Tit. 7.—
    b.
    With adversative conjunctions, at contra, sed contra, contra autem, contra vero (not verum contra, nor contra tamen).
    (α).
    At contra (freq.), merely a strengthened contra (v. 1. supra): huc accedit uti mellis lactisque liquores Jucundo sensu linguae tractentur in ore;

    At contra taetri absinthi natura... foedo pertorqueat ora sapore,

    Lucr. 2, 400:

    cogunt,

    id. 2, 74; 1, 366; 2, 235 et saep.: nos qui domi sumus, tibi beati videmur;

    at contra nobis tu quidem... prae nobis beatus,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 2; id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. Rosc. Am. 45, 131; id. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 66; Sall. J. 36, 2; 4, 7; 15, 3; id. C. 12, 5:

    ideo siccas aiunt Aethiopiae solitudines... At contra constat Germaniam abundare rivis,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 6, 2; 1, 3, 1; id. Ep. 100, 7; Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 186; Suet. Galb. 15; Tac. A. 4, 28.—
    (β).
    Sed contra, after a negative sentence (class.):

    non quo acui ingenia adulescentium nollem, sed contra ingenia obtundi nolui,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 93; id. Att. 9, 15, 3; id. Ac. 1, 10, 35; id. Fl. 11, 26:

    arma populi Romani non liberis servitutem, sed contra servientibus libertatem adferre,

    Liv. 45, 18, 1:

    tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito,

    Verg. A. 6, 95; Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 12.—PostAug. also without a preceding negation:

    obiisse nostro Laium scelere autumant superi inferique: sed animus contra innocens... negat,

    Sen. Oedip. 765; Symm. Ep. 6, 81.—
    (γ).
    Contra autem (rare;

    in Cic. only where different subjects have contrasted predicates in dependent clauses): quia pacis est insigne toga, contra autem arma tumultus atque belli,

    Cic. Pis. 30, 73.—In later writers = contra alone:

    sub septemtrione aedificia... conversa ad calidas partes oportere fieri videntur. Contra autem sub impetu solis meridiani regionibus conversa ad septemtrionem... sunt facienda,

    Vitr. 6, 1, 2; Gell. 14, 2, 19; Dig. 7, 1, 25, § 3; 34, 3, 25.—
    (δ).
    Contra vero (very rare;

    not in Cic.), used for contra: contra vero quercus infinitam habet aeternitatem,

    Vitr. 2, 9, 8; 6, 1, 3; Cels. 3, 6 fin.
    (ε).
    Atqui contra, App. Mag. p. 287, 24.—
    c.
    With disjunctive conjunctions, aut contra, vel contra, seu contra, or on the contrary, or conversely (always without change of subject).
    (α).
    Aut contra:

    num aut scriptum neget, aut contra factum infitietur?

    Cic. Part. Or. 38, 133: quae (mens) aut languescit... aut contra tumescit, etc., Quint. 1, 2, 18:

    si imbres defuere, aut contra abundavere,

    Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 228.—
    (β).
    Vel contra:

    hinc enim quaestiones oriuntur: Injuriam fecisti, sed quia magistratus, majestatis actio est? Vel contra: Licuit... quia magistratus?

    Quint. 5, 10, 40; 9, 4, 96; Suet. Galb. 3; Dig. 35, 2, 56, § 4; 8, 4, 6.—
    (γ).
    Seu contra:

    seu tristis veniam, seu contra laetus amicis,

    Prop. 1, 11, 25.—
    d.
    With causal conjunctions, nam contra (very rare;

    never contra enim): falso queritur de natura sua genus humanum quod, etc. Nam contra, reputando, neque majus aliud, neque praestabilius invenies,

    Sall. J. 1, 1; Quint. 1, 1, 1; 9, 2, 23. —
    4.
    In late Lat., e contra (also one word, ēcontrā) = contra,
    (α).
    In the meaning, the contrary (D. 1.):

    aliis vero econtra videtur,

    Hier. Ep. 12.—
    (β).
    Et econtra = et contra (E. 3. a.):

    honestiorum provectu et econtra suppliciis,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 39, 45.—For quod contra, v. II. E. 1. c.—
    5.
    With emphatic particles.
    a.
    Quin contra, nay on the contrary, opposing an affirmative sentence to a preceding negative statement (quin etiam amplifies without opposition; sed contra opposes without amplification; quin contra both opposes and amplifies);

    not before Livy: num qui enim socordius rempublicam administrari post Calvi tribunatum... quam? etc. Quin contra patricios aliquot damnatos... neminem plebeium,

    Liv. 6, 37, 8; 31, 31, 9; 35, 26, 10; 37, 15, 3.—
    b.
    Immo contra (post-Aug.).
    (α).
    = no, on the contrary, refuting opinions, after questions and in the form of a dialogue:

    existimas nunc me detrahere tibi multas voluptates?... Immo contra, nolo tibi umquam deesse laetitiam,

    Sen. Ep. 23, 3; Dig. 33, 7, 5; 33, 7, 29.—
    (β).
    = sed contra, but on the contrary:

    proinde ne submiseris te, immo contra fige stabilem gradum,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 5, 6; id. Cons. Polyb. 15, 2; cf. prep.:

    immo contra ea,

    Liv. 41, 24, 8; cf. II. E. 1. b. infra.—
    c.
    Item contra = an emphatic et contra (very rare):

    quoniam... beate vivere alii in alio, vos in voluptate ponitis, item contra miseriam in dolore, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 86; cf. I. A. 3. g supra.
    F.
    With a comparative clause introduced by ac, atque, or quam, representing a logical or moral opposition (contra atque debuit = non ita ut debuit; cf. Cic. Or. 3, 19, 70); cf. prep., II. C. 3. g, and II. E. 2. infra.
    1.
    Of logical opposition, contrary to, different from, otherwise than; in the best prose only with atque or ac.
    (α).
    With atque:

    item, contra atque apud nos, fieri ad Elephantinem ut neque ficus neque vites amittant folia,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 6:

    simulacrum Jovis, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20; id. Sull. 24, 69:

    judicium suscepturos contra atque omnis Italia populusque Romanus judicavisset,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 12; id. B. G. 4, 13; Plin. 12, 19, 43, § 95.—
    (β).
    With ac:

    itaque contra est ac dicitis,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 41:

    vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,

    id. Div. 2, 24, 53; so id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 11; id. Or. 40, 137:

    cum contra ac Deiotarus sensit victoria belli judicaret,

    id. Phil. 11, 13, 34:

    Petreius ubi videt, Catilinam, contra ac ratus erat, magna vi tendere, etc.,

    Sall. C. 60, 5.—
    (γ).
    With ac and atque:

    si denique aliquid non contra ac liceret factum diceretur, sed contra atque oporteret,

    Cic. Balb. 3, 7.—
    (δ).
    With quam (post-Aug.):

    cui contra quam proposuerat aliqua cesserunt,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 5; Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149; 11, 21, 24, § 72; Gell. 6 (7), 8, 6:

    contra quam licet,

    id. 1, 3, 19; Sil. 15, 107.—
    2.
    Of moral opposition of acts contrary to rules and principles (cf. II. 3. g infra); so always with quam:

    mater Aviti, generi sui, contra quam fas erat, amore capta,

    contrary to the divine law, Cic. Clu. 5, 12:

    ut senatus, contra quam ipse censuisset, ad vestitum rediret,

    contrary to its own resolution, id. Pis. 8, 18:

    contra quam ista causa postulasset,

    id. Caecin. 24, 67:

    contra quam sanctum legibus est,

    Liv. 30, 19, 9; Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2; id. Dom. 46, 122:

    contraque faciunt quam polliceri videntur,

    Auct. Her. 4, 3, 6; Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 86.
    II.
    Prep. with acc., before, against, facing, towards, opposite to, contrary to (acc. to many scholars not ante-class.; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 108; but found Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 24 Fleck., a line omitted by Lorenz as a gloss; id. Pers. 1, 1, 13 Ritschl; Att. ap. Non. p. 469, 15, or Trag. Rel. v. 476 Rib.; cf. also Plaut. Poen. 5, 6, 18; Cato, R. R. 18, 1, and v. I. A. 1. a. b, and I. A. 1. b. a supra).
    A.
    Local uses.
    1.
    Opposite, over against, facing.
    a.
    Of countries and places (mostly of those separated by water;

    adversus and e regione mostly of places opposite by land): insulae natura triquetra, cujus unum latus est contra Galliam,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 13; 3, 9; 4, 20:

    ad insulam quae est contra Massiliam,

    id. B. C. 1, 56; 3, 23:

    Rhodios, pacatis contra insulam suam terris, etc.,

    Liv. 37, 15, 7; 3, 26, 8:

    Carthago Italiam contra,

    Verg. A. 1, 13; 5, 124; Ov. M. 14, 17:

    insulae quae contra Tauri promuntorium inopportune navigantibus objacent, Chelidoniae nominantur,

    Mel. 2, 7; Plin. 3, 26, 30, § 151; 6, 28, 32, § 152; 5, 7, 7, § 41; Tac. A. 3, 1; id. H. 2, 17.—
    b.
    Of the heavenly bodies:

    donique (luna) eum (sc. solem) contra pleno bene lumine fulsit,

    Lucr. 5, 708:

    contra Volucris rostrum posita est Lyra,

    Vitr. 9, 4, 5; Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 9; 1, 8, 3; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 5, 10, 10, § 56.—So, tertium (latus Britanniae) est contra septem triones, opposite ( facing); hence, contra meridiem and contra ortus (instead of ad or adversus meridiem, etc.), facing the south and east, Plin. 6, 24, 24, § 85; 17, 2, 2, § 22. —So of a person standing in the sunlight:

    cum minima umbra (i. e. a sole) contra medium fiet hominem,

    Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 327; cf.:

    contra mediam faciem meridies erit,

    id. 18, 33, 76, § 326.—
    c.
    Of opposite ends of a line.
    (α).
    Of the diameter of the earth: esse e regione nobis e contraria parte terrae qui adversis vestigiis stent contra nostra vestigia, quos antipodas vocatis, Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123.—
    (β).
    Of a line drawn:

    contra autem E littera I erit ubi secat circinationem linea,

    opposite the point E will be the letter I, Vitr. 9, 7, 4.—
    d.
    Of buildings, etc.:

    contra hoc aviarium est aliud minus in quo quae mortuae sunt aves curator servare solet,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 5; Vitr. 5, 6, 3; 3, 5, 15:

    (statuam) quae fuerit contra Jovis Statoris aedem in vestibulo Superbi domus,

    Plin. 34, 6, 13, § 29:

    contra medium fere porticum diaeta paulum recedit,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 20; 2, 17, 5; Suet. Aug. 44.—
    e.
    Of places on the human body:

    id quod contra stomachum est,

    Cels. 4, 5 (4, 12 med.); 7, 7;

    4, 20 (13).—Of the direction of the intestines, etc.: ea... contra medium alvum orsa,

    Cels. 4, 1 fin.
    2.
    Of actions, opposite, towards, against, facing (syn.:

    adversus, ad, e regione,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 61).
    a.
    In gen.:

    quamvis subito... quamque Rem contra speculum ponas, apparet imago,

    Lucr. 4, 156: Democritus... clipeum constituit contra exortum Hyperionis, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4:

    et contra magnum potes hos (i.e. oculos) attollere solem, Nec tremis...?

    Prop. 1, 15, 37; Col. 7, 3, 8:

    rex constiterat contra pedites,

    Curt. 10, 9, 13; 9, 5, 1:

    ne contra septentrionem paveris,

    Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 330; 28, 6, 19, § 69:

    contra solem varie refulgens,

    placed in the sun, id. 37, 10, 63, § 173; 10, 54, 75, § 151; 37, 6, 22, § 83;

    37, 7, 25, § 95: cum terrestres volucres contra aquam clangores dabunt,

    id. 18, 35, 87, § 363; 19, 8, 39, § 131.—
    b.
    Dependent on verbs of motion (very rare without the idea of hostility):

    (Dinocrates) incessit contra tribunal regis jus dicentis,

    towards, Vitr. 2, praef. 1.—So trop., of actions done for a purpose:

    lege Cornelia de sicariis tenetur qui, cum in magistratu esset, eorum quid fecerit contra hominis necem quod legibus permissum non sit,

    Dig. 48, 8, 4.—
    c.
    Appositively, with the predicate: (elephanti) tanta narratur clementia contra minus validos, ut, etc., if fronting weaker animals, if brought in contact with them (not to be connected with clementia), Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23.—Similarly: dum... fidens non est contra feram, if fronting the animal (not dependent on fidens), Plin. 8, 16, 21, § 57.—
    d.
    Against an opposing action, etc.:

    contra vim atque impetum fluminis conversa,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 5:

    cum plateae contra directos ventos erunt conformatae,

    Vitr. 1, 6, 8:

    ut contra ventum gregem pascamus,

    Col. 7, 3, 12; Sen. Q. N. 2, 31, 2; Plin. 29, 3, 12, § 52; 17, 2, 2, § 21; 8, 16, 21, § 54:

    contra fluminum impetus aggeribus,

    id. 35, 14, 48, § 169:

    capite in sole contra pilum peruncto,

    id. 27, 4, 5, § 17; 18, 35, 88, § 364; Varr. ap. Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83; Sil. 14, 352; Dig. 9, 2, 29, § 4. [p. 455] — Trop.:

    contra fortunam tenendus est cursus,

    Sen. Prov. 5, 9.—Prov.:

    contra stimulum calces,

    kick against the pricks, Isid. Orig. 1, 36, 28 (al. calcitres); cf. Amm. 18, 5, 1.—
    e.
    Of local actions with hostile intent.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    quae vis Coclitem contra omnes hostium copias tenuit?

    Cic. Par. 1, 2, 12:

    Pompeium Cartejae receptum scribis: jam igitur contra hunc exercitum (sc. constitit),

    id. Att. 15, 20, 3:

    pertimescam, credo, ne mihi non liceat contra vos in contione consistere,

    to face you, id. Agr. 1, 8, 25; Lepidus ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 26:

    a fronte contra hostem pedum quindecim fossam fieri jussit,

    id. ib. 1, 41; 1, 42; id. B. G. 7, 62:

    Tullus adversus Veientem hostem derigit suos: Albanos contra legionem Fidenatium collocat,

    Liv. 1, 27, 5; 24, 41, 5; 38, 4, 5; Verg. A. 12, 279; Front. Strat. 2, 2, 13; 2, 3, 17.—Appositively, with a local verb understood:

    terribilis haec contra fugientes belua est, fugax contra insequentes,

    i. e. if fronting, if placed opposite, Plin. 8, 25, 38, § 92.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    castra sunt in Italia contra populum Romanum in Etruriae faucibus collocata,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5; id. Mil. 1, 2; Quint. 7, 7, 5:

    tum contra hanc Romam illa altera Roma quaeretur,

    will be as a rival against this Rome, Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 86:

    cui rationi contra homines barbaros atque imperitos locus fuisset, hac ne ipsum quidem sperare, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

    (Cicero) plerumque contra inimicos atque obtrectatores plus vindicat sibi,

    when fronting adversaries, Quint. 11, 1, 23.—
    f.
    In partic.
    (α).
    Stare contra aliquem (opp. stare ab aliquo); usu. implying hostility; mostly trop., to stand against, to be arrayed against, to face, oppose:

    quod contra hoc exemplum nulla staret eorum ratio,

    Auct. Her. 4, 5, 7:

    contra populi studium,

    Cic. Brut. 34, 126:

    contra civium perditorum... dementiam a senatu et a bonorum causa,

    id. ib. 79, 273; so,

    a mendacio contra veritatem,

    id. Inv. 1, 3, 4:

    contra cives in acie,

    id. Att. 16, 11, 2:

    et adversi contra stetit ora juvenci,

    opposite, Verg. A. 5, 477; 5, 414:

    haec enim (ratio) sola... stat contra fortunam,

    Sen. Ep. 14, 4, 2: contra leonem etiam stetit, fronted, i. e. hunted, Spart. Carac. 5 fin.
    (β).
    Contra aliquem ire:

    aut saevos Libyae contra ire leones,

    Stat. Th. 9, 16.— Trop.:

    uti contra injurias armati eatis,

    Sall. J. 31, 6:

    interritus (sapiens) et contra illa (mala) ibit et inter illa,

    Sen. Ep. 59, 8; cf.: contra venire, II. B. 1. c. b infra, and v. also II. B. 2. b. and II. B. 1. b. infra.—
    3.
    Transf.,
    a.
    To persons placed together for comparison:

    C. vero Caesar, si foro tantum vacasset, non alius ex nostris contra Ciceronem nominaretur,

    Quint. 10, 1, 114:

    CORONATO CONTRA OMNES SCAENICOS,

    Inscr. Grut. p. 331, n. 4.—
    b.
    To things compared, as if weighed against each other as to their value, strength, etc.
    (α).
    Lit. (very rare):

    quamcunque vis rem expende, et contra aquam statue... Si gravior est, leviorem rem... feret, etc.,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—
    (β).
    Prop.:

    cujus (i. e. generis humani) causa videtur cuncta alia genuisse natura, magna saeva mercede contra tanta sua munera,

    Plin. 7, 1, 1, § 1:

    qui amicus esse coepit quia expedit, placebit ei aliquod pretium contra amicitiam,

    Sen. Ep. 9, 9:

    numquam ulli fortiores cives fuerunt quam qui ausi sunt eum contra tantas opes ejus... condemnare,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 2, 3:

    tantum studium bonorum in me exstitisse, contra incredibilem contentionem clarissimi et potentissimi viri,

    id. ib. 7, 2, 2; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 3:

    nomen prorogans nostrum et memoriam extendens contra brevitatem aevi,

    as a compensation for, Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 154.—So esp., valere contra, to weigh against, counterbalance, avail or prevail against: non vereor ne meae vitae modestia parum valitura sit contra falsos rumores, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8:

    (illa facta) pro periculo potius quam contra salutem valere debere,

    Cic. Part. Or. 35, 120; id. Off. 3, 29, 104:

    contrane lucrum nil valere Pauperis ingenium?

    Hor. Epod. 11, 11; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 1; id. Cons. Helv. 5, 5; so,

    robur habere contra: si contra unamquamlibet partem fortunae satis tibi roboris est,

    id. ib. 13, 2;

    so of counterchecks: in Creta decem qui cosmoe vocantur, ut contra consulare imperium tribuni plebis, sic illi contra vim regiam constituti,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 58.—Of antidotes: cimicum natura contra serpentium morsus valere dicitur, item contra venena omnia, Plin. 29, 4, 17, § 61.—Hence,
    c.
    Colloq., aliquid contra aurum est, something is worth gold, is superb, both predicatively and attributively (cf.: auro contra, I. A. 2. supra): hujusce pomaria in summa Sacra Via ubi poma veneunt, contra aurum imago, a spectacle for gold, i. e. a magnificent sight, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 10 MSS. (al. aliter):

    numcubi hic vides citrum... num quod emblema aut lithostratum? quae illic omnia contra aurum,

    superb, id. ib. 3, 2, 4 MSS. (Schneid. omits aurum, ex conj.):

    oneravi vinum, et tunc erat contra aurum,

    Petr. 7, 6.—
    d.
    Transf., of replies, with aiebat, inquit, etc.; both in friendly and inimical sense; esp., contra ea, contra haec, = the adv. contra:

    contra ea Titurius sero facturos clamitabat, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 29:

    contra ea Verginius unum Ap. Claudium et legum expertem et, etc., aiebat,

    Liv. 3, 57, 1; 24, 45, 4:

    quae contra breviter fata est vates,

    Verg. A. 6, 398:

    contra quod disertus Tu impie fecisti inquit, etc.,

    Quint. 7, 1, 53 (cf.: contra ea, II. E. 1. infra).
    B.
    Denoting hostility or disadvantage.
    1.
    With verbs of hostile action.
    a.
    Of physical exertion:

    pugnavere et tertio consulatu ejus viginti (elephanti) contra pedites quingentos,

    Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 22:

    proelium Afri contra Aegyptios primi fecere fustibus,

    id. 7, 56, 57, § 200; 8, 40, 61, § 142. —
    b.
    Referring to warfare (usu. adversus), bellum gerere (rarely for cum or adversus; but contra patriam, contra aras, etc., not cum patria, etc.; cf.

    bellum, II. A. 1. e.): a quo prohibitos esse vos contra Caesarem gerere bellum (opp. pro),

    Cic. Lig. 8, 25; id. Phil. 5, 10, 27; Liv. Ep. 129.—With bellum suscipere:

    contra Antonium,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 5; so,

    contra patriam,

    id. Sull. 20, 58:

    pugnare contra patriam,

    id. ib. 25, 70:

    contra conjuges et liberos,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 15, 5:

    armatum esse contra populum Romanum,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32.—With arma ferre (freq.), Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 72; 13, 21, 47; Liv. 28, 28, 15; Nep. Att. 4, 2; Tib. 1, 6, 30; Ov. M. 4, 609; 13, 269; id. P. 1, 1, 26.—With arma sumere or capere, Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 19; id. Phil. 4, 1, 2; 4, 3, 7:

    armis contendere contra,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 13:

    arma alicui dare (trop.),

    Cic. Phil. 2, 21, 53:

    aciem instruere (trop.),

    Liv. 25, 4, 4:

    exercitum comparare,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 14; 4, 1, 2:

    exercitum instruere,

    id. Cat. 2, 11, 24:

    exercitum ducere and adducere,

    id. Phil. 4, 2, 5; 3, 4, 11:

    exercitum contra Philippum mittere,

    id. Inv. 1, 12, 17:

    naves ducere contra,

    Hor. Epod. 4, 19:

    ducere contra hostes,

    Liv. 1, 27, 4:

    florem Italiae educere contra,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24:

    proficisci contra,

    to march against, Liv. 1, 11, 3; 8, 2, 5:

    auxilium ferre Rutulis contra Latinos,

    Plin. 14, 12, 14, § 88:

    juvare aliquem contra,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 35:

    consilium inire contra Sequanos,

    to take hostile measures against, id. B. G. 6, 12.—
    c.
    Of legal contention (more freq. adversus, except with verbs of saying).
    (α).
    In gen., with agere or causam agere, to act as counsel against a party or his attorney:

    cum agerem contra hominem disertissimum nostrae civitatis,

    Cic. Caecin. 33, 97; id. Brut. 63, 226; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 3; Quint. 11, 1, 59.—Causam recipere or suscipere contra, to accept a retainer against:

    (causam) quam receperam contra pueros Octavios,

    Cic. Att. 13, 49, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 12; Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 1.—Adesse alicui contra, to appear, act as one's counsel against:

    rogavit me Caecilius ut adessem contra Satrium,

    Cic. Att. 1, 1, 3; Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 5 al.; cf.:

    esse contra,

    id. ib. 1, 18, 3.— Trop.: conquesturus venit;

    at contra se adfuit et satisfacienti satisfecit,

    Sen. Fragm. Amic. 14, 1, 89:

    causam defendere contra,

    against the accuser, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 178:

    statuere contra aliquem (sc. causam),

    to establish a case against an adversary, id. Or. 10, 34:

    actio competit contra,

    Dig. 49, 14, 41:

    querelam instituere contra,

    ib. 5, 2, 21, § 1:

    bonorum possessionem petere contra,

    ib. 5, 2, 23:

    jus obtinere contra,

    Cic. Quint. 9, 34:

    pugnare contra,

    to struggle against the accuser, id. Sull. 17, 49; id. Verr. 1, 11, 33:

    id quod mihi contra illos datum est,

    i. e. a local advantage over, id. Tull. 14, 33:

    judicare contra aliquem,

    id. Fl. 20, 48; Dig. 21, 2, 55; 5, 2, 14; Just. Inst. 4, 17, 2:

    pronuntiare contra,

    Paul. Sent. 5, 34, 2: dare sententiam contra, Dig. 21, 2, 56, § 1:

    decernere contra,

    Cic. Fl. 31, 76:

    appellare contra aliquem,

    Dig. 49, 1, 3; 49, 5, 6; cf.:

    contra sententiam,

    Cod. Just. 7, 62, 32, § 2.—Sentire contra aliquem, to have an opinion unfavorable to:

    cur vos (cum) aliquid contra me sentire dicatis, etc.,

    Cic. Caecin. 27, 79.—
    (β).
    Venire contra aliquem, to appear as counsel for one's adversary:

    quid tu, Saturi, qui contra hunc venis, existimas aliter?

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 18; id. Mur. 4, 9; id. Phil. 8, 6, 18.—Venire contra rem alicujus, to give advice damaging one's interests:

    contra rem suam me venisse questus est,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 3.—
    (γ).
    With dicere and other verbs of saying. (aa) Of a lawyer pleading against a lawyer:

    ipse ille Mucius, quid in illa causa cum contra te diceret, attulit quod? etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 244:

    cum ille contra me pro Sex. Naevio diceret,

    id. Brut. 60, 2, 7; id. de Or. 2, 7, 30; id. Rosc. Am. 15, 45; id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 44; id. Planc. 2, 5; id. Brut. 26, 102; so,

    causam dicere,

    id. Or. 2, 23, 98:

    causam perorare,

    id. Quint. 24, 77.—(bb) Of a lawyer's pleading against the parties: dic mihi, M. Pinari, num si contra te dixero mihi male dicturus es? Servil. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 261; 3, 34, 138; 1, 14, 60; id. Or. 35, 123; Quint. 11, 1, 57; cf. with ellipsis of acc.:

    quorum alter pro Aufldia, contra dixit alter,

    id. 10, 1, 22.—(ng) Of a party against a lawyer:

    si Gaditani contra me dicerent,

    if the Gaditani were my adversaries, Cic. Balb. 17, 38.—(dd) Of witnesses and experts, and the pleadings against them:

    si decressent legationem quae contra istum diceret,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 12: contra testes dicere (opp. a testibus or pro testibus). Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118 (cf.:

    testimonium in aliquem dicere,

    id. Sull. 17, 48; Quint. 7, 4, 36):

    contra juris consultos dicere,

    against their legal opinions, Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—So of witnesses in scientific questions:

    contra testes dicendum est,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 1.—(ee) Dicere or contendere aliquid contra aliquem, to maintain a point against:

    cum interrogamus adversarios... quid contra nos dici possit,

    Auct. Her. 4, 23, 33:

    tamenne vereris ut possis hoc contra Hortensium contendere?

    Cic. Quint. 25, 78. —
    d.
    Of literary adversaries, mostly with verbs of saying and writing:

    cum scriberem contra Epicurios,

    Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:

    contra Epicurum satis superque dictum est,

    id. N. D. 2, 1, 2:

    contra Brutum,

    id. Tusc. 5, 8, 21:

    contra Academiam,

    id. Ac. 2, 19, 63; id. Fin. 1, 1, 2; 5, 8, 22; id. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; 5, 30, 84; id. Ac. 2, 4, 17:

    contra autem omnia disputatur a nostris,

    id. Off. 2, 2, 8.—
    e.
    Of public and political adversaries (syn. adversus and in).
    (α).
    In gen.:

    sentire contra,

    Cic. Mil. 2, 5:

    pugnare contra bonos,

    id. Sull. 25, 71:

    contra eos summa ope nitebatur nobilitas,

    Sall. C. 38, 2; Cic. Sest. 19, 42; 52, 112:

    (tribuni) qui aut contra consulem, aut pro studio ejus pugnabant,

    Liv. 39, 32, 12.—
    (β).
    Of political speaking:

    cum (Cato) eo ipso anno contra Serv. Galbam ad populum summa contentione dixisset,

    Cic. Brut. 20, 80; so id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 53; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 1.—
    f.
    Of hostile or criminal acts in gen. (syn.:

    adversus, in): inire consilia contra,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 110; id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:

    manum comparare contra aliquem,

    id. Sull. 24, 68:

    conjurationem facere,

    id. ib. 4, 12:

    congredi,

    id. Lig. 3, 9; Sall. J. 64, 4:

    aliquid contra imperatorem moliri,

    Just. Inst. 4, 18, 3:

    nec dolor armasset contra sua viscera matrem,

    against her own offspring Ov. R. Am. 59.—Facere contra (more freq. with abstr. objects; cf. II. C. 1. f. b infra): nunc te contra Caesarem facere summae stultitiae est, to take parts against, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16, 2:

    eae (res) contra nos ambae faciunt,

    operate against us, id. Quint. 1, 1.—With verbs of saying, etc.:

    homo disertus non intellegit, eum quem contra dicit laudari a se?

    Cic. Phil. 2, 8, 18; 2, 1, 2; 2, 21, 51; Sen. Ep. 15, 3, 70:

    epigramma quod contra quamdam Gelliam scripsit,

    Lampr. Alex. Sev. 38:

    disputare contra deos, in two signif.: contra deum licet disputare liberius,

    to accuse, reproach a god, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76; but: mala et impia consuetudo est contra deos disputandi, to reason against the gods, i. e. against their existence, id. ib. 2, 67, 168.—
    2.
    Predicatively, with esse (videri, etc.), against, injurious to, unfavorable, prejudicial, to one's disadvantage: ut [p. 456] ex senatusconsulto neque cujus intersit, neque contra quem sit intellegi possit, Cic. Mur. 32, 68; id. de Or. 3, 20, 75; 2, 74, 299; 2, 81, 330; id. Sull. 13, 39; Sen. Ben. 6, 31, 6:

    licentiam malis dare certe contra bonos est,

    injurious to, Quint. 4, 2, 75:

    res contra nos est, of unfavorable chances in a lawsuit,

    id. 4, 66, 1; 4, 2, 75; 5, 13, 32.—Often, contra aliquem = quod est contra aliquem, referring to indef. pronouns or adjectives:

    nihil contra me fecit odio mei = nihil quod esset contra me,

    Cic. Har. Resp. 3, 5; id. Off. 3, 31, 112:

    quibus (temporibus) aliquid contra Caesarem Pompeio suaserim,

    id. Phil. 2, 10, 24.—
    3.
    Added adverb. to the predicate, mostly referring to purpose, with hostile intent, for the purpose of some hostile act, in order to oppose, in opposition:

    Caesarine eam (provinciam) tradituri fuistis, an contra Caesarem retenturi?

    or keep it against Caesar, Cic. Lig. 7, 23:

    sero enim resistimus ei quem per annos decem aluimus contra nos,

    id. Att. 7, 5, 5:

    judicium illud pecunia esse temptatum non pro Cluentio, sed contra Cluentium,

    id. Clu. 4, 9; id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 52; id. Ac. 2, 28, 92:

    cum quae facitis ejusmodi sint ut ea contra vosmet ipsos facere videamini,

    id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104; Sen. Ep. 3, 7, 3: Curio se contra eum totum parat, i. e. to speak against him, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 10; Caes. B. C. 1, 85 ter; Sen. Q. N. 1, 7, 1; Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192; Plin. Pan. 41.—So with the force of a temporal clause:

    fidem meam quam essent contra Massam Baebium experti,

    in the suit against, Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 4.—
    4.
    Dependent on adjectives (rare):

    contra se ipse misericors,

    to his own injury, Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:

    severissimus judex contra fures,

    Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28.—
    5.
    With nouns.
    a.
    Acc. to 1. b.:

    ut quam maximae contra Hannibalem copiae sint,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17; cf. Vell. 2, 76, 3.—
    b.
    Acc. to 1. c. and 1. e.; so esp., oratio contra (cf.: oratio in).
    (α).
    Oratio contra (never in), of an address against the counsel of a party or against the prosecutor:

    quid in omni oratione Crassus vel apud centumviros contra Scaevolam, vel contra accusatorem Brutum, cum pro Cn. Plancio diceret?

    Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 220; cf.:

    Cato pro se contra Cassium = in oratione contra,

    Gell. 10, 15, 3; so,

    haec perpetua defensio contra Scaevolam,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 221:

    orationem illam egregiam quam (Aeschines) in Ctesiphontem contra Demosthenem dixerat,

    id. ib. 3, 56, 213.—
    (β).
    Of an address against the party, either in judicial or political affairs:

    unam orationem contra Gracchum reliquit,

    Cic. Brut. 26, 99:

    (Demosthenis) oratio contra Leptinem... contra Aeschinem falsae legationis,

    id. Or. 31, 111; Gell. 10, 24, 10; 10, 18, 91; Cic. Brut. 46, 169; Quint. 12, 10, 61; Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 45; id. Brut. 44, 164; Gell. 13, 25 (24), 15; cf. Quint. 4, 3, 13; 11, 2, 25.—
    c.
    Acc. to 1. f.:

    contra patres concitatio et seditio,

    Cic. Brut. 14, 56.—Of animals:

    contra volpium genus communibus inimicitiis,

    Plin. 10, 76, 96, § 207.
    C.
    With inanimate and abstract objects.
    1.
    Directly dependent on verbs (cf. B. 1.).
    a.
    Of physical or moral exertion:

    cum fulmina contra Tot paribus streperet clipeis,

    Verg. A. 10, 567:

    pugnandum tamquam contra morbum, sic contra senectutem,

    Cic. Sen. 11, 35:

    contra verum niti,

    Sall. J. 35, 8:

    contra fortunam luctari,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 15, 2; id. Brev. Vit. 10, 1; id. Ep. 78, 15; 99, 32; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110.—
    b.
    Of warfare (lit. and trop.):

    bellum contra aras, focos, vitam fortunasque gerere,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:

    bellum gerimus... contra arma verbis,

    id. Fam. 12, 22, 1.—So of logical contradictions:

    artificis autem est invenire in actione adversarii quae semet ipsa pugnent,

    Quint. 5, 13, 30.—
    c.
    Of legal contention.
    (α).
    Of the actions of the counsel or prosecutor: dicere, or perorare, agere contra aliquid, to plead against, contest something:

    contra argumenta, rumores, tabulas, quaestiones (opp. ab argumentis, etc.),

    Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9 sqq.; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118:

    contra ratiocinationem,

    id. Inv. 2, 50, 153: contra scriptum dicere, to contest, controvert a written law or a document, id. ib. 2, 47, 138; 2, 48, 143; id. Brut. 39, 145; Quint. 7, 7, 1:

    contra caput dicere,

    to plead against life, Cic. Quint. 13, 44 (cf.:

    servum in caput domini interrogare,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 1, 34; 5, 16, 5 and 8; 5, 46, 3): contra libertatem agere, Dig. 40, 12, 26.—Pregn.:

    contra rerum naturam, contraque consuetudinem hominum dicere (opp. contra nos dicere),

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 45.—
    (β).
    Of judicial decisions contradicting documents, etc.:

    contra tabulas judicare,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 281:

    contra testamentum,

    Dig. 2, 17, § 1:

    contra sententiam dicere,

    ib. 49, 8, 1, § 2.—
    (γ).
    Admittere aliquem contra bona, to admit a petition for bonorum possessio (cf.:

    inmittere in bona),

    Dig. 38, 2, 3, § 6.—
    d.
    Of antagonism in literary and ethical questions.
    (α).
    To contend that something is false:

    dicere, disputare, disserere contra opinionem or sententiam,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; 5, 19, 55; id. de Or. 3, 18, 67; id. Fin. 5, 4, 10; id. Ac. 2, 18, 60; Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 3; id. Ep. 87, 5; 102, 5 (cf.:

    in sententiam dicere,

    in support of an opinion, Caes. B. G. 1, 45):

    contra sensus dicere,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 101:

    contra rhetoricen dicere,

    Quint. 2, 17, 40.—
    (β).
    Of criticism, hostility to principles, etc.:

    contra Iliadem et Odysseam scribere,

    Vitr. 7, praef. 8:

    contra quorum disciplinam ingenium ejus exarserat,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 29, 83.—
    (γ).
    Ethically:

    contra voluptatem dicere,

    that pleasure is a moral evil, Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 21:

    contra mortem loqui,

    that death is no evil, Sen. Ep. 82, 7;

    in both senses: contra vitia, pericula, fortunam, ambitionem,

    id. ib. 100, 10:

    contra fortunam gloriari,

    that fortune has no power over him, Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; Sen. Ep. 26, 5.—
    e.
    Of public and political acts and speeches:

    contra potentiam accusatorum dicere,

    Cic. Brut. 44, 164:

    contra legem dicere or verba facere,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 15, 53; Liv. 34, 8, 1:

    rogationem ferre contra coloniam ( = contra legem de colonia deducenda),

    Cic. Clu. 51, 140; Auct. Her. 1, 17, 21; Plin. 8, 17, 24, § 64.—
    f.
    Of hostility, injury, wrongs, etc.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    senatusconsulto quod contra dignitatem tuam fieret,

    directed against, Cic. Fam. 12, 29, 2:

    contra rem publicam se commovere,

    id. Cat. 1, 26; 1, 3, 7:

    incitari,

    id. Sest. 47, 100:

    consilia inire,

    id. Agr. 2, 3, 8:

    conjurationem facere,

    Sall. C. 30, 6:

    contra salutem urbis incitari,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20:

    cogitare aliquid contra salutem,

    id. ib. 3, 9, 21: contra voluntatem or studium dicere, to oppose one's will in a speech:

    esse aliquem in civitate qui contra ejus (Chrysogoni) voluntatem dicere auderet,

    id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60; id. Phil. 1, 11, 28; id. de Or. 3, 34, 138; id. Mur. 4, 10; Tac. H. 2, 91:

    ne quid contra aequitatem contendas, ne quid pro injuria,

    do not array yourself against equity, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71.— Trop.:

    quis non contra Marii arma, contra Suliae proscriptionem irascitur? ( = Mario propter arma, Sullae propter proscriptionem),

    Sen. Ira, 2, 2, 3.—
    (β).
    In partic.: facere contra aliquid (syn. adversus), to commit an offence against, to transgress, etc.:

    si quis ad Antonium profectus esset... senatus existimaturum eum contra rem publicam fecisse,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 33; id. Mil. 5, 13; 6, 14; id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 3, 25, 95; S. C. ap. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 6; Liv. 25, 4, 7; so,

    contra salutem rei publicae facere,

    Cic. Dom. 38, 102:

    contra majestatem,

    against the emperor, Dig. 48, 4, 5:

    contra leges,

    Cic. Dom. 18, 48; id. Vatin. 7, 18; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Mur. 32, 67; id. de Or. 3, 19, 70; cf. id. Clu. 34, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; id. Dom. 14, 38; id. Phil. 10, 6, 13; Gai Inst. 4, 121:

    contra edictum (praetoris),

    Cic. Verr 2, 3, 10, § 25; Dig. 39, 1, 20, § 1:

    contra foedus,

    Cic. Balb. 6, 16:

    contra jusjurandum ac fidem,

    id. Off. 3, 10, 43; id. Lael. 3, 30, 74; id. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 7; Prop. 3, 30, 44 (2, 32, 44).—And ironically:

    tune contra Caesaris nutum (sc. facies)?

    Cic. Att. 14, 10, 1.—Rarely contra ea facere = contra facere, adverb. (cf. I. B. 8. and II. E. 1. b.):

    corpus in civitatem inferri non licet... et qui contra ea fecerit, extra ordinem punitur,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 21, 2; 1, 21, 12.—
    2.
    Predicatively with esse (usu. impers.), in violation of, in conflict with, contrary to (cf. 3. g).
    (α).
    With esse expressed as the predicate:

    hominem hominis incommodo suum augere commodum magis est contra naturam quam mors,

    Cic. Off. 3, 5, 21; id. Fin. 3, 9, 31; id. N. D. 3, 13, 33; Sen. Ep. 5, 4; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 45:

    contra leges or legem est,

    Cic. Pis. 13, 30; id. Mur. 32, 67:

    contra officium est,

    id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 1, 10, 32; 1, 6, 19; cf. id. Lael. 11, 39; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Liv. 6, 40, 5; Sen. Q. N. 2, 37, 2; Gai Inst. 3, 157; Dig. 30, 1, 112, § 3; 16, 3, 1, § 7.—With ellipsis of object (naturam), Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 89; cf.:

    adeo res ista non habet ullam moram quae contra causas ignium sit,

    unfavorable to the formation of fire, Sen. Q. N. 2, 26, 7.—
    (β).
    With verbal predicate, referring to an indef. pron. or adj., with esse understood:

    scis hunc... nihil umquam contra rem tuam cogitasse ( = nihil quod contra rem tuam esset),

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 147; id. Mil. 5, 13:

    aliquid contra animum audiendi,

    something against our liking, Sen. Const. 19, 2.—So mostly with facere:

    si quid Socrates aut Aristippus contra morem consuetudinemque fecerint,

    Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148; id. Att. 3, 23, 2; 2, 22, 2; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Sall. C. 15, 1; Dig. 8, 2, 11; 8, 2, 17; 35, 1, 79, § 2. —
    (γ).
    Contra officium, substantively, = id quod contra officium est:

    Sic inter recte factum atque peccatum, officium et contra officium, media locabat quaedam,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37.—
    3.
    Adverbially with the predicate.
    (α).
    In order to oppose, in opposition to, with hostile intent (cf. B. 3.):

    eidem illam proscriptionem capitis mei contra salutem rei publicae rogatam esse dicebant,

    that the proposal of the law was an attack on the republic, Cic. Prov. Cons. 19, 45; id. Rab. Perd. 12, 35; id. Phil. 10, 10, 22:

    imperator contra postulata Bocchi nuntios mittit,

    to reply to the demands, Sall. J. 83, 3; 25, 6; so,

    advocare contra,

    Sen. Cons. Polyb. 12, 4; id. Ep. 15, 2, 52:

    si contra mortem te praeparaveris,

    to meet death, id. ib. 11, 3, 8.—
    (β).
    With the force of a clause of manner, injuriously to, etc.:

    quibus contra valetudinis commodum laborandum est,

    Cic. Mur. 23, 47; Suet. Aug. 78:

    contra hominis salutem,

    with danger to a man's life, Cod. Just. 7, 62, 29.—
    (γ).
    In gen., of conflict with some rule or principle, contrary to, in violation of, without regard to ( = ita ut contra sit; cf. 2. supra; very freq. from the class. period;

    syn. adversus): ceperitne pecunias contra leges P. Decius,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 31, 136; id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10; id. Fl. 34, 86:

    pecuniam contra leges auferre,

    id. Verr. 1, 18, 56; 2, 1, 10, § 27; 2, 5, 18, § 46; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:

    contra legem,

    id. Rab. Perd. 3, 8; id. Dom. 16, 41:

    contra jus fasque,

    id. Har. Resp. 16, 34; id. Quint. 6, 28:

    contra jus,

    Liv. 5, 4, 14; id. Dom. 13, 55; id. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 34:

    contra jus gentium,

    Liv. 4, 32, 5; 9, 10, 10; 21, 25, 7; 5, 36, 6;

    6, 1, 6: contra juris rigorem,

    Dig. 40, 5, 24, § 10 et saep.:

    contra testimonium aliquid judicare,

    without regard to, Cic. Brut. 31, 117:

    aliquid contra verecundiam disputare,

    contrary to the rules of decency, id. Off. 1, 35, 128:

    aliquid contra fidem constituere,

    Quint. 5, 13, 34:

    quae majores nostri contra lubidinem animi sui recte atque ordine fecere,

    contrary to the dictates of passion, Sall. C. 51, 4; id. J. 33, 1; cf. of logical opposition, II. E. 2. infra.—
    4.
    Dependent on substt.
    a.
    Of physical strife:

    scit ille imparem sibi luctatum contra nexus (draconis),

    Plin. 8, 12, 12, § 33. —
    b.
    Of warfare:

    imperatorum copia contra tuum furorem,

    Cic. Mur. 39, 83:

    Parthorum gloria contra nomen Romanum,

    Liv. 9, 18, 6: in castris perditorum contra patriam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 6.—
    c.
    Of legal contention:

    causa contra scriptum,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 46, 135.—
    d.
    Of political speaking:

    divina M. Tullii eloquentia contra leges agrarias,

    Quint. 2, 16, 7; 9, 3, 50; Gell. 18, 7, 7.—
    e.
    Of literary opposition:

    Caesaris vituperatio contra laudationem meam,

    Cic. Att. 12, 40, 1.—
    f.
    Of hostility, etc.:

    cujus factum, inceptum, conatumve contra patriam,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

    ullum factum dictumve nostrum contra utilitatem vestram,

    Liv. 6, 40, 5.—
    g.
    Of injury:

    vitae cupiditas contra rem publicam,

    Cic. Planc. 37, 90: contra serpentes venenum, fatal to serpents, or as a defence against serpents, Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 15.—
    h.
    Of violation, disregard, etc. (cf. 3. g):

    iter contra senatus auctoritatem,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 48:

    contra consuetudinem somnium,

    Plin. 10, 77, 98, § 211:

    bonorum possessio contra tabulas,

    Dig. 37, 4, 3, § 13; Gai Inst. 3, 41.—
    5.
    Dependent on adjectives (very rare; cf.

    II. D. 2. c. infra): contraque patris impii regnum impotens, avum resolvam,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 966.
    D.
    Of defence, protection, and resistance (syn.: adversus, ab).
    1.
    Against persons.
    a.
    Dependent on verbs:

    cum populus Romanus suam auctoritatem vel contra omnes qui dissentiunt possit defendere,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 63: si ego consul rem publicam [p. 457] contra te et gregales tuos defendissem, id. Sest. 52, 111; 22, 49; 8, 20; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45:

    contra quem multum omnes boni providerunt,

    provided a great defence, id. Mur. 38, 81: formula qua utitur patronus contra libertum qui eum in jus vocat, as a defence against, Gai Inst. 4, 46. —And of protection of plants against injurious animals:

    contra haec animalia proderit, si, etc.,

    Pall. 10, 3, 2.—
    b.
    Dependent on adjectives, mostly participial:

    paratus contra,

    Cic. Mil. 21, 56:

    nihil satis firmum contra Metellum,

    Sall. J. 80, 1:

    contra potentes nemo est munitus satis,

    Phaedr. 2, 6, 1.—
    2.
    Against inanimate and abstract things.
    a.
    Dependent on verbs:

    contra avium morsus munitur vallo aristarum,

    Cic. Sen. 15, 51:

    propugnaculum, quo contra omnes meos impetus usurum se putat,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 16, § 40; 2, 5, 39, § 102:

    publicam causam contra vim armatam suscipere,

    id. Dom. 34, 91; id. Quint. 30, 94; id. Leg. 3, 3, 9:

    contra tantas difficultates providere,

    Sall. J. 90, 1; 76, 4; so,

    contra ea,

    id. ib. 57, 5:

    patricii vi contra vim resistunt,

    Liv. 3, 13, 4; Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 28; Tac. Agr. 45; Sen. Prov. 4, 12; id. Const. 5, 4.—
    b.
    Dependent on substt.:

    suffragia contra oppugnationem vestrae majestatis,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 12, 35:

    defensio contra vim,

    id. Mil. 5, 14:

    patronus justitiae fuit contra orationem Phili,

    id. Lael. 7, 25; Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 30; 14, 3, 4, § 40:

    contra labores patientia,

    id. 23, 1, 22, § 37.—
    c.
    Dependent on adjectives (in Cic. freq. with P. a. predicatively used; otherwise very rare;

    in later prose freq.): nec est quidquam Cilicia contra Syriam munitius,

    against an attack from the side of Syria, Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 4:

    ut nullius res tuta, nullius domus clausa, nullius vita saepta, nullius pudicitia munita contra tuam cupiditatem posset esse,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 39; id. Fin. 1, 16, 51; id. Mil. 25, 67; id. Tusc. 5, 8, 19; 5, 27, 76:

    vir contra audaciam firmissimus,

    id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Sall. J. 33, 2; 28, 5:

    fortis contra dolorem,

    Sen. Ep. 98, 18; Quint. 12, 1, 10:

    callosus,

    Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 147; 14, 2, 4, § 23:

    far contra hiemes firmissimum,

    id. 18, 8, 19, § 83:

    equus tenax contra vincula,

    Ov. Am. 3, 4, 13:

    contraque minantia fata pervigil,

    Claud. I. Cons. Stil. 1, 284.—
    3.
    Of remedies against sickness and its causes, poison, etc.; so only in Plin.; in Pall. only of preventives and of protection against hurtful animals, and against mental perturbations in gen.; cf. infra (syn. ad in Cat., Cic., Cels., Col.; adversus only in Celsus, who also has in with abl.).
    (α).
    Dependent on verbs:

    cujus et vinum et uva contra serpentium ictus medetur,

    Plin. 14, 18, 22, § 117; 7, 2, 2, § 13:

    prodest et contra suspiria et tussim,

    id. 20, 13, 50, § 128:

    valet potum contra venena,

    id. 28, 7, 21, § 74; 29, 4, 22, § 71; 29, 4, 26, § 81; 28, 8, 27, § 98; 16, 37, 71, § 180; 35, 6, 14, § 34; 28, 6, 18, §§ 65-67.—
    (β).
    Dependent on substt.:

    remedium contra morsus,

    Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 118; 10, 59, 79, § 163:

    contra venena esse omnia remedio,

    id. 16, 44, 95, § 251; 17, 24, 37, § 240; 7, 1, 1, § 4.—
    (γ).
    Dependent on adjectives:

    vinum quod salutare contra pestilentiam sit,

    Pall. 11, 14, 17.—
    (δ).
    Appositively, as a remedy:

    cujus lacteum succum miris laudibus celebrat... contra serpentes et venena,

    Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 16; 29, 4, 26, § 83. —So of remedies against affections:

    Tiberium tonante caelo coronari ea (lauro) solitum ferunt contra fulminum metus,

    Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 135; cf. Sen. Ira, 2, 21, 1; id. Tranq. 5. 1.
    E.
    Of logical opposition.
    1.
    With a neuter demonstrative (contra ea, contra haec, contra quae, quod contra = contra, adv.).
    a.
    The contrary, the reverse (very rare; cf.

    I. D. 1.): sed mihi contra ea videtur,

    but to me the contrary seems true, Sall. J. 85, 1:

    omnia quae contra haec sunt, omnia quae contra sunt,

    and vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 90. —
    b.
    Contra ea, on the contrary, in logical antithesis (not in Cic. and Sall.; once in Caes. and Quint.; several times in Liv. and Nep.; cf.: contra ea, in other uses, II. A. 2. e. a, II. D. 2. a., II. A. 3. d., II. C. 1. f.):

    omnes arderent cupiditate pugnandi... contra ea Caesar... spatiumque interponendum... putabat ( = at contra),

    but Caesar on the contrary, Caes. B. C. 3, 74: superbe ab Samnitibus... legati prohibiti commercio sunt;

    contra ea benigne ab Siculorum tyrannis adjuti,

    Liv. 4, 52, 6; 2, 60, 1; 21, 20, 6;

    44, 43, 5: pater... Thracem me genuit, contra ea mater Atheniensem,

    Nep. Iphicr. 3, 4; id. praef. 6; id. Alcib. 8, 1.—And after a question, with immo (cf. I. E. 5. b.):

    an infirmissimi omnium... (sumus)? Immo contra ea vel viribus nostris, vel, etc., tuti (sumus),

    Liv. 41, 24, 8.—
    c.
    Quod contra, by anastrophe (v. F. 1.), contrary to which, whereas, while on the contrary (only once in Lucr. and three times in Cic.):

    illud in his rebus vereor ne forte rearis, Inpia te rationis inire elementa viamque indugredi sceleris: quod contra saepius illa Religio peperit scelerosa atque impia facta,

    whereas on the contrary, Lucr. 1, 81:

    cujus a me corpus crematum est, quod contra decuit ab illo meum (sc. cremari),

    Cic. Sen. 23, 84:

    quod contra oportebat delicto dolere, correctione gaudere,

    id. Lael. 24, 90 (B. and K. place a comma after oportebat; cf.

    Nauck ad loc.): reliquum est ut eum nemo judicio defenderit: quod contra copiosissime defensum esse contendi,

    id. Quint. 28, 87 (many consider contra in all these passages as an adverb; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 121 sq.; some explain quod as an ancient ablative, = qua re;

    v. Ritschl,

    Plaut. Exc. p. 57, Munro ad Lucr. 1, 82).—
    2.
    With an abstract noun, with the force of the adverb contra with ac or atque (I. F. 1.), contrary to, contrary to what, etc. (esp. in Sall., not in Cic.; cf. praeter): celeriter contraque omnium opinionem confecto itinere, contrary to the opinion ( = contra ac rati erant), Caes. B. G. 6, 30:

    contra opinionem Jugurthae ad Thalam perveniunt,

    Sall. J. 75, 9; Hirt. B. G. 8, 40.—Contra spem either contrary to the opinion, or against the hope:

    Metellus contra spem suam laetissume excipitur ( = contra ac ratus, veritus est),

    Sall. J. 88, 1; so,

    cetera contra spem salva invenit,

    Liv. 9, 23, 17:

    contra spem omnium L. Furium optavit,

    id. 6, 25, 5; Curt. 8, 4, 45;

    but: at Jugurtha contra spem nuntio accepto ( = contra ac speraverat),

    Sall. J. 28, 1; Liv. 24, 45, 3:

    postquam... Jugurtha contra timorem animi praemia sceleris adeptum sese videt,

    Sall. J. 20, 1:

    ipse in Numidiam procedit, ubi contra belli faciem tuguria plena hominumque... erant ( = contra ac in bello evenire solet),

    id. ib. 46, 5:

    contra famam,

    Plin. 13, 22, 43, § 126; 7, 53, 54, § 180:

    segniterque et contra industriam absconditae formicae,

    slowly, and in a manner different from their usual activity, id. 18, 35, 88, § 364.—Of persons:

    frigidam potionem esse debere, contra priores auctores, Asclepiades confirmavit,

    contrary to the opinion of the former physicians, Cels. 4, 26 (19).
    F.
    Sometimes by anastrophe after its noun.
    1.
    In prose, after relatives, esp. in Cic.:

    quos contra disputant,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 47:

    quem contra dicit,

    id. Phil. 2, 8, 18 (v. II. B. 1. f.):

    quem contra veneris,

    id. Mur. 4, 9:

    quas contra, praeter te, etc.,

    id. Vatin. 7, 18:

    eos ipsos quos contra statuas,

    id. Or. 10, 34:

    quos contra me senatus armavit,

    id. Att. 10, 8, 8:

    quam contra multa locutus est,

    Sen. Ep. 82, 7, Plin. Ep. 1, 23, 3; Claud. in Rufin. 1, 332; v. also E. 1. c. supra.—
    2.
    After other words ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    hunc igitur contra mittam contendere causam,

    Lucr. 4, 471:

    dicere eos contra,

    id. 4, 484:

    donique eum contra,

    id. 5, 708:

    agmina contra,

    Verg. A. 12, 279:

    magnum Alciden contra,

    id. ib. 5, 414:

    Paridem contra,

    id. ib. 5, 370:

    Italiam contra,

    id. ib. 1, 13:

    deos contra,

    Ov. P. 1, 1, 26:

    Messania moenia contra,

    id. M. 14, 17:

    litora Calabriae contra,

    Tac. A. 3, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > contra

См. также в других словарях:

  • danger — Danger, Semble que ce soit un mot composé, quasi Damnum gerens. Casus, Discrimen, Flamma, Incommoditas, Periculum, Noxa. Un danger prochain, Periculum ingruens. Pareil danger, Similitudo periculi. Danger de mort, Periculum capitale. Danger de la… …   Thresor de la langue françoyse

  • mettre — Mettre, Ponere. Il vient de Mittere, par syncope et antiptose, Inde Mittere in possessionem. Mettre en possession. Mettre à bord, Naues ad terram applicare, Appellere nauem. Mets toy à dextre, Concede ad dexteram. Mettre à feu et à sang, Incendia …   Thresor de la langue françoyse

  • Legio X Gemina — Escudo de la Legio X Gemina a principios del siglo V, según la Notitia Dignitatum occ. Activa Desde el 70 a. C. hasta el siglo V …   Wikipedia Español

  • crainte — Crainte, Formido, Formidatio, Metus, Timor, Timiditas. La crainte ou peur que j ay que mal ne t advienne, Timor meus de te. La crainte que j ay que mon frere n ait mal, m empesche à escrire, Metus de fratre in scribendo impedit. La crainte qu ils …   Thresor de la langue françoyse

  • retirer — en arriere, Retrahere, Recedere, Auocare, voyez Tirer. Cedere. L Infanterie se retira peu à peu pour attirer l ennemy à l embusche, Pedites paulatim cesserunt, vt hostem in insidias traherent. Liu. lib. 23. Se retirer pas à pas, Pedetentim cedere …   Thresor de la langue françoyse

  • vie — I. Vie, f. penacut. Vita. Vie vie geminé, c est à dire, marchez marchez, hastez vous, prins de l Italien, Via via. Et en fait de marine, vie signiþfie l adresse {{o=ladresse}} du port et de la barre, disans les mariniers, Boutez en la vie, c est… …   Thresor de la langue françoyse

  • HOMICIDII Causa — Athanis in Areopago disceptari olim solita est, ex lege, Δικάζειν δὲ την` βουλην` εν Α᾿ρείῳ πάγῳ φόνου καὶ τραύματος ἐκ προνοίας καὶ πυρκαίας καὶ φαρμάκων ἐάν τις ἀποκτείνῃ δοὺς, Senatus Areopagiticus ius dicito de caede, aut vulnere, non casu,… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • MUSLIMI seu MUSULMANNI — h. e. Credentes, sic dicti sunt, qui perniciabilem Muhammedis sectam amplectuntur. Ricoldus vocem explicat, Salvati: de qua is sic in Confut. legis Muhamm. c. 7. Dixit Muhammed, mandavit mihi Dominus, ense gentes expugnare quousque confiteantur,… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • NUBES — in Sacris, a Deo saepius adhibita reperitur, cum Populo suo placuit se manifestare. Inprimis mamorabilis fuit Columna Nubis, quâ Aegyptô egressos Israelitas Deus per desertum duxit. Exod. c. 13. v. 21, 22. Dominus autem praecedebat eos, ad… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • THEUDAS — I. THEUDAS Wisigothorum in Hispania Rex, stabuli praefectus erat Theodotici II. a quo Amalarici filii tutor relictus, hôc occisô thronum occupavit, A. C. 531. Occisus a quodam amentiam simulante A. C. 548. dicitur vetuisse, ne quisquam caedem… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • VEXILLUM — I. VEXILLUM Feudale, cuius traditione illustria feuda, Fanelhen proin dicta, ab Imperatore conferuntur, et quidem solo: neque enim vacante imperiô, Electori Palatino, dum Provisoris partes agit, aliaque disponit beneficia, haec conferre… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

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